摘要:

A retrospective single‐blind study was carried out to assess the reliability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for determining lateralization of the electrographic focus in 45 patients with in tractable temporal lobe epilepsy. With strictly defined MRI diagnostic criteria, the electroencephalographic (EEG) focus was correctly lateralized in 86% of patients. Excluding patients with structural lesions, the criteria provided for correct lateralization of the epileptogenic focus in 78% and false lateralization in 5%. Hippocampal atrophy on T1‐weighted images and increased signal intensity from mesial structures on T2‐weighted scans were highly reliable for lateralization. Postoperative outcome did not differ between the patients with normal and those with abnormal findings on MRI, but the group sample was inadequate to assess the issue of surgical outcome. These findings suggest that with appropriate techniques and strictly defined diagnostic criteria, MRI can provide reliable seizure lateralization in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114163

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To measure the association of cardiovascular disease risk factors with carotid artery diameter and thickness of the intima and media in the general population, standardized ultrasound scanning and reading protocols were performed on 15,800 individuals in the multicenter Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. In a randomly selected subset of 855 participants, the mean artery diameter, minimum lumen diameter, and maximum near‐and far‐wall thicknesses were measured at a core laboratory from B‐mode image recordings of the common carotid, bifurcation, and internal carotid arteries to determine both within‐reader and between‐reader variability. Measurements associated with the wall thickness are sensitive indicators of reader reproducibility, with between‐reader reliability coefficients ranging from 0. 78 to 0.93 and coefficients of variation ranging from 13.1 to 18.3%. The percent of paired readings in the three carotid segments for which the absolute difference of the far‐wall thickness measured by different readers was no greater than one image pixel (0.067 mm) was 58% (common carotid), 53% (internal carotid), and 42% (bifurcation). Highly reproducible measurements of carotid artery dimensions can be achieved with standardized training and performance of ultrasound scanning and reading protocols.

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114168

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An insufficient signal‐to‐noise ratio is a significant limiting factor in assessing intracranial hemodynamic parameters by transcranial Doppler sonography. To establish the feasibility and validity of signal enhancement in transcranial Doppler sonography, stabilized air microbubbles bound to galactose microparticles as a carrier (SHU 454) were used in an animal model. The disadvantage of a short‐lasting effect is caused by instability of the contrast medium and a consequent reduced capacity to pass through the lung. Eight pigs received SHU 454 intraarterially in various concentrations and forms of application during transcranial monitoring of the middle cerebral artery with a 2‐MHz pulsed ultrasound device. The effect was reproducible, dependent on the dose and application modalities. The best results were obtained with low concentrations (100 mg of microparticlesjml of suspension) and low injection speeds (0. 5− 1.0 ml/sec) into the common carotid artery by injection pump, reaching a homogeneous average enhancement of 6 to 1 2 dB over at least 5 minutes. Histological examination of the brain showed no evidence of air embolization. Further development requires a stable solution with similar properties and an ability to pass through the lung, therefore being suitable for intravenous application in humans.

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114173

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 25‐year‐old woman presented with acute, nontraumatic Brown‐Sequard syndrome. Subsequent evaluation disclosed multiple thoracic hemangioblastomas. The neurological differential diagnosis and radiographic evaluation are discussed.

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114179

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Magnetic forces and torques were measured in a 640‐G permanent magnet The forces on external objects were directed in such a way and of such a strength that the likelihood of injury from unsupported ferromagnetic objects was very small. The forces and torques on ferromagnetic objects within the subject were comparable to those produced by gravitational and inertial efforts in daily living.

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114184

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cavernous and venous angiomas of the brain are often incidental findings on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients with unrelated signs and symptoms. Cavernous angiomas can cause hemorrhage or seizures. The venous angioma itself is a developmental anomaly and as such has only a slight predisposition to rupture. Cavernous and venous angiomas have distinct CT and MRI characteristics, which facilitate their diagnosis. No therapy is usually indicated for venous angiomas. On the other hand, extirpation of cavernous angiomas is the usual treatment of choice.

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114191

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 29‐year‐old man had temporary cardiorespiratory arrest. Eight hours later, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed scattered hyperintense gyri and a marked high signal intensity of the caudate nuclei and the putamen. Computed tomography (CT) displayed no focal abnormalities but only diffuse brain swelling and blood in the subarachnoid space. The patient died 17 hours after the arrest. Histopathological findings were consistent with early ischemic brain damage. Perivascular infiltrates, probably inflammatory, involved the entire brainstem. Neither MRI nor CT demonstrated brainstem encephalitis, the presumed cause for the arrest. This observation suggests a high sensitivity of MRI for cerebral damage caused by global hypoxemia, yielding valuable diagnostic and prognostic information after resuscitation.

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114197

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was used to detect basal ganglia hyperperfusion and cortical hypoperfusion contralateral to the affected extremities in a patient with hemiparkinsonism. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) failed to show cerebral asymmetries. The findings on SPECT are compatible with current views on the connectivity of the basal ganglia.

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114200

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114203

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1051-2284    

DOI:10.1111/jon199114206a

出版商:Wiley    

年代:2016

数据来源: WILEY