摘要:

AbstractThe birefringence formation of sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS) in a thin liquid layer was observed while its environment was deoxygenated at different rates, and the effect of membrane was examined.Under slow rate of deoxygenation at 37°C, at pH 7.4, the birefringence of purified HbS appeared at a concentration higher than 24% and its relative magnitude increased as the concentration was increased. Similarly, the partial presure of oxygen, at which the birefringence formation was evident, increased from 0 to 27 torr as the concentration of HbS was increased from 24 to 28%, but it remained the same above this protein concentration.In all the samples tested relative birefringence was largest at the slow rate of deoxygenation (30 torrO2/min) and the magnitude decreased as the rate of deoxygenation was increased. The samples showed different sensitivity to the rate of deoxygenation. For example, while the total untreated hemolysate made by freeze‐thawing of packed sickle cells was most resistant to the increased rates of deoxygenation, purified HbS was not. Washed open ghosts partially restored the birefringence formation pattern of purified HbS.The results indicate that the inner surface of the membranes of erythrocytes could behave as a template for large HbS polymer formation at relatively higher rates of deoxygenati

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe office records of two private practices with a preponderance of homosexual patients were reviewed for cases of males with unexplained thrombocytopenia. Twenty‐five patients meeting the selection criteria were found. The clinical and laboratory features of these patients were reviewed and compared to those characteristically seen in classic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. The mean age of the group was 36.5 years. There was a high incidence of a history of sexually transmitted diseases. Sixty percent had another hematologic abnormality in addition to thrombocytopenia.The clinical outcomes for these 25 patients were as follows: eight (32%) had a spontaneous increase in platelets; four (16%) had a stable count not requiring therapy; 12 (48%) received high‐dose prednisone; seven (28%) failed predinosone therapy and went on to splenectomy; two (8%) subsequently developed CDC‐defined

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCell partitioning in two‐phase aqueous polymer systems was used to examine hydrophobic and surface charge‐related membrane properties of fresh and cryopreserved human blood phagocytes. This technique is highly sensitive to cell surface characteristics, and the partition behavior depends exponentially on the membrane properties involved. The transition from fresh to cryopreserved and reconstituted cells was accompanied by a significant loss of net negative charge without detectable alteration in hydrophobic membrane properties as detected by the partition technique. The partition coefficient (PC), which is the proportion of cells partitioning into the upper phase, when measured for fresh cells mixed with dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) and cryopreserved leukocytes. No difference was detected between the PCs of the total leukocytes and phagocytes as determined by differential leukocyte counts of the upper polymer phase. The significantly reduced PC of cells prepared by dextran (Dx) separation in both charge‐sensitive and ‐insensitive systems is attributable to the capacity of Dx to adsorb, in part irreversibly, to cells so that those carrying Dx tend to partition with Dx in the lower phase. These results serve to illustrate the utility of partitioning as a highly sensitive method to probe leukocyte surface membrane pro

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe report five cases of post‐transfusion purpura. Despite having profound thrombocytopenia, their management consisted only of steriod administration if serious bleeding was present. In one patient without bleeding, no specific therapy was given. This patient recovered uneventfully. Two patients died. One of these died from complicating illnesses rather than bleeding. The other suffered brain death, the result of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Four patients were PLA1negative. The fifth patient had an antibody to an unidentified platelet‐specific anti

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have examined by electron microscopy the formation of fibers and crystals from sickle hemoglobin within sickle erythrocytes following deoxygenation during capillary storage from 1 to 132 days. Intracellular fibers were found on the first day and throughout the period of study. The fibers exhibited a diameter (mean ± SD) of 17.4 ± 0.62 nm and were aligned in the cell with a fiber‐to‐fiber spacing of 18.6 nm (x‐axis) by 22.7 nm (y‐ axis). Between 65 and 132 days,extracellular hemoglobin crystalsdeveloped, with a lattice periodicity of 9.63 ± 0.6 nm. Fibers and crystals coexist as separate structures. These results suggest that crystal formation upon storage of packed deoxygenated sickle erythrocytes may proceed via a phase of fiber dissolution followed by hemoglobin reassembly into extracellular crystals, rather than by a progressive alignment and direct fusion of exist

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBecause of a possible hazard from the use of radioisotopes to determine iron absorption by infants, the use of stable isotopes for this purpose has much appeal. We have applied the method of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) to determine the mass ratio,58Fe/57Fe, in blood before and after oral administration of58Fe. From the increase in erythrocyte enrichment with58Fe, we have calculated percentage absorption of iron. We have shown that the coefficient of variation of measured mass isotope ratio is 0.1‐1.0%, depending on the conditions of the measurement.The method has been applied to a feasibility study involving four infants. Each infant was given58Fe either as a single dose or as one dose on each of two consecutive days. Each dose provided 1.945 mg iron and 1.440 mg58Fe. Samples of blood were obtained before isotope administration and at 14, 42, and 60 days thereafter. Isotopic analysis of the samples demonstrates that this approach results in a sufficiently large isotope enrichment to permit satisfactory measurement of iron availability.It is concluded that this new method is highly promising for studies of iron availability in infants and childre

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEctoenzyme activities were determined in peripheral blood cells from patients with acute leukemias, from normal controls, and in cells of hematopoietic cell lines. In common acute lymphoblastic leukemia, cell membrane‐associated 5′‐nucleotidase (5′‐N) activity was significantly higher than in acute T and unclassified lymphoblastic leukemias. In acute myeloblastic and myelomonocytic leukemias, cells contained significantly higher γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (γ‐GT) activity than in lymphoblastic leukemias. Normal B lymphocytes differed from T cells and monocytes mainly in their 5′N activity, whereas in monocytes, γ‐GT activity was more pronounced than in other normal blood cells. Hematopoietic cell lines showed some distinct patterns of ectoenzyme activity. Most B cell lines had high 5′N and (Na‐K‐Mg) adenosine triphosphatase activities. In lines of myeloid origin, elevated γ‐GT values were found. In lymphoid stem cells and in T lymphoblast lines, most ectoenzyme activities were lower than in the other cell lines. In some cell lines, characteristic high‐activi

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA woman in complete remission from acute myeloblastic leukemia developed thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) subsequent to the third intensive consolidation cycle of cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin chemotherapy. The constellation of clinical manifestations indicative of TTP were recognized only in retrospect, as they were initially attributed to more usual complications of bone marrow‐ablative chemotherapy. The manifestations, probably fueled by numerous red cell and platelet transfusions, increased at the time of recovery of hematopoiesis. At postmortem examination, characteristic microvascular lesions were found in most organs. Similar thrombotic microangiopathy has been described with mitomycin‐based chemotherapy regimens and with the combination of cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin. Successful management of this serious complication of chemotherapy requires increased awareness and earlier recognit

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA patient with acquired von Willebrand syndrome associated with polycythemia rubra vera is described. Her plasma factor VIII procoagulant activity (67 U/dl) and factor VIII‐related antigen (117 U/dl) were normal but no von Willebrand factor activity could be detected. Factor VIII crossed immunoelectrophoresis revealed decreased levels of less anodic polymeric forms of factor VIII. Mixture of her plasma or immunoglobulin G (IgG) fraction with normal plasma resulted in complete recovery of factor VIII activity and related antigen but no measurable von Willebrand factor activity, confirming the presence of an unique inhibitor. The limited specificity of this inhibitor to antigenic sites solely on the von Willebrand portion of the factor VIII bimolecular complex is distinct from all previous reports of this syndrome. This unique inhibitor offers a molecular probe to examine the von Willebrand factor: platelet interactio

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe clinical, hematologic, and histological characteristics of two patients who progressed from refractory anemia to acute leukemia are described. When first studied, nuclear bridging of erythroblasts, similar to that seen in congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type I and megakaryocytic dysplasia, were the only abnormalities. Within 6 years, both patients died, the first of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, the second of erythroleukemia. Nuclear bridging of erythroblasts in the marrrow of these patients was an early and transient phenomenon and was not observed during the terminal phase of leukemia.

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY