摘要:

AbstractAnalysis of epidermal growth factor (125J‐EGF) binding to human red cells revealed the presence of two classes of binding sites with apparent equilibrium dissociation constants (app.Kd) in the 10−10−10−9M and in the 10−8M range, respectively. The number of binding sites/cell ranged between 600 and 2,400 for the high‐affinity binding site and between 7,200 and 23,000 for the low‐affinity site. No differences were seen in the apparent Kdvalues for both types of binding sites between red cells obtained from donors with different ABO‐blood groups. An increase in the number of high affinity EGF binding sites was observed in donors with blood group A,‐erythrocytes as compared to red cells taken from donors with blo

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring 1984‐1986, a total of 128 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with an induction‐consolidation regimen consisting of doxorubicin, vincristine, cytosine‐arabinoside, and prednisolone. One hundred two (80%) patients belonged to high‐risk group. The complete remission rate for all the patients was 91%. The event‐free survival at 5 years was 32.0% ± 23%. On multivariate analysis the event‐free survival and disease‐free survival was not altered by age, sex, WBC count, platelet count, LDH level, and surface phenotype.Infection due to prolonged marrow aplasia was a common complication, leading to mortality of 8 patients during induction and 33 patients during first remission. The relapse rate has been 36% (42 patients). The predominance of high‐risk ALL in the Indian population underscores the need for intensive therapy. Improved supportive care during induction and remission seems essential to decrease therapy‐related mortality, leading to

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere were controversial data concerning localization of alkaline phosphatase (AP) in neutrophil nuclei under physiological conditions. In this context, the AP pattern has been determined on nuclei preparations from normal human neutrophils. Blood cells were isolated from 10 healthy adults and from 3 women in the third trimester of an uncomplicated pregnancy. Purity of nuclear suspension was checked by electron microscopy and assay of organelle marker enzymes. Electron microscope cytochemistry and immunocytochemistry studies were carried out on WBC. Enzyme characterization was performed by the usual biochemical procedures. AP was found in nuclear preparations from four of ten normal controls. When present, AP was detected in approximately two‐thirds of the nuclei examined, representing an average of 20% of the total cell activity. Conversely, a large amount of nucleus‐bound enzyme (55% of total AP activity) was recognized in all pregnant women samples. Biochemical and immunological characteristics clearly differentiate AP forms in the two groups of subjects. Normal controls have an heterogeneous enzyme pattern. AP positive preparations contain a mixture of isoenzymes: a prominent heat labile form and a relatively heat stable minor component. The heat stable fraction displays some properties similar to those previously described in leukocyte AP. Pregnant women express a unique very heat labile isoenzyme identical in its main characteristics to the early placental type. © 1992 Wiley‐Lis

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGranulocyte Fcγ receptors are important components in the recognition of IgG‐coated cells and immune complexes. Two proteins have been identified on resting human granulocytes which function as Fcγ receptors, Fcγ RII (CD32) and Fcγ RIII (CD16). A third protein, Fcγ RI (CD64), is not constitutively expressed on resting granulocytes, but can be induced by activation with γ‐interferon. We examined the role of these three Fcγ receptors on human granulocytes in the binding of both IgG‐sensitized erythrocytes and soluble oligomeric IgG. In these studies we employed anti‐Fcγ receptor antibodies which complete for the Fcγ RII and Fcγ RIII ligand binding sites. Preincubation of granulocytes with saturating concentrations of high‐affinity anti‐Fcγ RII monoclonal antibody did not alter the recognition of IgG sensitized human cells by granulocytes. Furthermore, ligand binding studies demonstrated that anti‐Fcγ RII antibody altered neither the number nor the affinity of granulocyte binding sites for human trimeric IgG. In contrast, Fab anti‐Fcγ RIII inhibited the binding of both IgG (anti‐D) sensitized human RBCs and IgG sensitized sheep RBCs. Similarly, a reduction in the expression of Fcγ RIII by treatment with phosphatidyl‐inositol specific phospholipase C reduced PMN recognition of IgG‐sensitized cells. Also, anti‐Fcγ RIII decreased the number of granulocyte binding sites for human IgG trimer without a change in receptor affinity. Fcγ RI, which was induced by γ‐IFN, increased granulocyte recognition of both IgG sensitized RBCs and IgG trimer. These data suggest that Fcγ RIII is the primary Fcγ receptor on granulocytes which recognizes IgG sensitized RBCs and low molecular weight complexes of IgG. With γ‐interferon activated granulocytes, Fc

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe studied the relation between ferritin cellular binding and suppressive activity of recombinant H‐ and L‐ferritin on human erythroid cells at different proliferation/differentiation phases. L‐ferritin failed to show any suppressive activity or detectable binding to erythroblasts at any stage of maturation. In contrast, H‐ferritin demonstrated binding to erythroblasts derived from peripheral BFU‐E cells which increased steadily between 7‐14 days of culture up to 15,000 molecules per cell. Reticulocytes and erythrocytes failed to bind either L‐ or H‐ferritin. H‐ferritin suppressed BFU‐E colony formation and reduced K562 cell proliferation at nanomolar concentrations. This suggests that the expression of H‐ferritin binding sites is modulated by cellular proliferation and differentiation, that cells expressing H‐ferritin binding sites are sensitive to ferritin suppressive activity and that a causal relation exists between ferritin cellular binding a

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBecause of the known activity of interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) as a growth factor for human eosinophils, we performed studies to ascertain whether M4Eo acute leukemia cells might be capable of responding to IL‐5. Surprisingly, short term incubation of freshly isolated M4Eo blasts with rhIL‐5 induced differentiation of the cells to macrophages. To determine whether other variants of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) might also be capable of responding to IL‐5, we studied cells from four additional unselected cases and found that one responded to IL‐5 by vigorous proliferation. Using biotinylated rhIL‐5, second labelling with streptavidin‐fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and flow cytometric analysis, specific binding of IL‐5 to both responsive leukemias was demonstrated, suggesting the presence of specific IL‐5 receptors. Additional study will be needed to assess the frequency of IL‐5 responsiveness in AML and to determine the relationship of these phenomena to the physiologic role of IL‐5 in the regu

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBetween January 1, 1981, and June 30, 1990, 1,514 hemophilia‐associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases in males were diagnosed in the United States. In 1,394, hemophilia was reported as the sole risk factor. For an additional 120, other risk factors were reported: of 101 of these, 40 had homosexual/bisexual activity, 53 had a history of intravenous drug use, and 8 had both of these risk factors. We examined the demographic data and the survival data of two principal groups: males for whom hemophilia was the sole reported risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposure, and hemophilic males for whom homosexual/bisexual activity, intravenous drug use, or both of these additional risk factors were reported. The survival curves showed marginal differences between the hemophilia‐only and the multiple risk groups; the median survival times were 13.1 and 14.6 months, with the cumulative probability of survival at 1 year as 52.7% and 54.0%, respectively. Kaposi's sarcoma was among AIDS indicator diseases more commonly found in the multiple risk factor group.Pneumocystis cariniipneumonia was the sole reported diagnosis indicative of AIDS for 34.4% of those in the hemophilia‐only group, compared with 20.8% of those with multiple risk factors. The principal demographic difference between the two groups was the age distribution; those in the multiple risk factor group were primarily between 20 and 44 years of age. Restricting the analysis to those between 20 and 44 years resulted in a slightly longer survival time in the hemophilia‐only group and no appreciable difference between the disease distributions and survival curves of the two groups. © 1992 Wiley

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBetween 1971 and 1990, nine patients ranging in age from 14‐38 years received marrow transplants for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Six were transplanted for aplastic complications of PNH. Four of these were from HLA‐identical siblings, and the patients were conditioned with cyclophosphamide. One graft was from a syngeneic twin without conditioning, and one from a two HLA‐antigen nonidentical father after conditioning with cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation. Three of the four recipients of allogeneic marrow developed acute and two chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). Five of six transplanted for severe aplastic anemia are long‐term survivors with follow‐up ranging from more than 6.2 to more than 19.1 years. The HLA nonidentical transplant recipient experienced graft rejection and died of a pulmonary hemorrhage. Three patients were transplanted for nonaplastic complications of PNH consisting of life threatening recurrent thromboses or refractory hemolysis. Two of these patients received marrow grafts from HLA‐identical siblings after conditioning with busulfan and cyclophosphamide. They are surviving with normal hemograms>2.2 and>2.5 years and had mild chronic GVHD which resolved, although one has biochemical evidence of PNH in 15% of the red cells. One received a syngeneic marrow graft without conditioning but reverted to PNH. He is alive>8.6 years after transplantation. Marrow transplantation for aplastic complications of PNH is successful, well tolerated, and compatible with long‐term survival when an HLA‐identical sibling or a syngeneic donor is available. For patients without aplasia, one must weigh the complications of transplantation with the life threatening nature of thrombotic episodes and hemolysis. ©

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn investigation of the correlation between the γ→β‐globin switch and DNA methylation was carried out. The restriction patterns obtained with methylation‐sensitive and ‐insensitive enzymes indicated hypomethylation in the promoter region of the γ‐globin genes in fetal liver DNA but high methylation of the same region in all other samples (except in the presence of an elevated erythroblast count or leukemia). All samples appeared to be partially hypomethylated at the 5′ end of the δ‐globin gene and hypomethylated at the 3′ region of the β‐globin gene. Although consistent with a role for DNA methylation in globin gene regulation, the results also suggest that other factors besides methylation may be required for regulation of the level of expression, and switching of the globin genes.

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn association between thrombocytopenia and thyrotoxicosis in a single individual is well documented, and the theories for this event include a common immunologic cause or a thyrotoxic‐induced decrease in platelet survival.We report the first description of the coexistence of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP) and Graves' disease in several members of the same family, in which four females were thrombocytopenic and two of these were also hyperthyroid. All four patients had high titers of antiplatelet antibodies, and the two hyperthyroid cases were positive for thyroid‐stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI).The familial occurrence of two autoimmune disorders is very uncommon, and suggests a genetic etiology. The HLA phenotype was determined and the antigens B8 and DR3, which are reported with high frequency in both diseases, were present in three patients. Although the etiologic cause is still unknown, our findings further support the theory that a genetic predisposition underlies autoimmune dise

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830390411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY