摘要:

AbstractPlatelet counts were measured routinely in 718 volunteer blood donors and 124 patients with malignant lymphoma. When considered by gender, the mean platelet counts of the patients with malignant lymphoma were significantly increased when compared to controls (P<0.01). In addition, 9% of males and 4% of females with lymphoma exhibited a thrombocytosis, in which their platelet counts exceeded the upper limit of the normal platelet count for control subjects (defined as 2 SDs in excess of the mean value). Megakaryocyte whole size, cytoplasmic and nuclear sizes, and megakaryocyte numbers were also quantified in bone marrow obtained from the iliac crest of 5 hematologically normal subjects and 26 patients with malignant lymphoma. Mean megakaryocyte sizes were significantly greater in subjects with lymphoma, when compared to control values (P<0.05). No significant differences in megakaryocyte numbers in bone marrow were observed between the two groups. For subjects with malignant lymphoma, platelet count was found to be significantly positively correlated with megakaryocyte size. The results of this study suggest that the elevated platelet count associated with malignant lymphoma is mediated by an increase in the size of the megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFifty‐three Japanese patients with the lymphoma‐type adult T‐cell leukemia (ATL) were analyzed to study the prognostic value of various clinical findings recorded at the time of diagnosis. All patients were positive for human T‐cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV‐I) antibody and demonstrated monoclonal integration of HTLV‐I proviral DNA in their malignant cells. The important individual variables detected in a previous univariate analysis were placed in a multiple regression model to identify the major prognostic factors for survival. This analysis showed that serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), calcium, and total protein levels had a strong predictive relationship with the length of survival (in descending order of importance). Among the 53 patients, 46 were dead at the time of analysis. The cause of death in relation to the duration of survival is also reviewed in t

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAcute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4; French‐American‐British classification) is light microscopically defined as the leukemia constituting leukemic cells in both granulocytic and monocytic lineages. Therefore, the characteristics of M4 have not been fully elucidated. The author previously indicated that normal neutrophilic granulocytes could be ultrastructurally differentiated from normal monocytes by the double staining of lactoferrin and lysozyme. In this investigation, the ultrastructural localization of both proteins was observed in order to make the outline of M4 clear. The leukemic cells in acute myeloid leukemia (M2) were also examined in comparison with those in M4. The leukemic cells in M4 showed the double stainability of lactoferrin and lysozyme, and the positive reactions were localized in the cytoplasmic matrix and in the granules. The staining pattern was similar to that in M2. The coexistance of lactoferrin and lysozyme in the leukemic cells in M4, which has ultrastructurally the monocytic characteristics, implied that the leukemic cells also possess the characteristics of the cells in the granulocytic lineage. This suggests that the presence of the various leukemic cells signifies the diversely abnormal maturations in vivo of the monocytes/granulocytes precursor cell and that M4 consists of not two kinds of distinguishable cells of granulocytic and monocytic lineages but various consecutive cells based on a malignant transformation of the precursor c

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFailure to obtain bone marrow on attempted marrow aspiration, “dry tap”, has commonly been ascribed to faulty technique. All reports of simultaneous marrow aspirations and biopsies performed at the University of Virginia between January 1, 1983, and July 1, 1989, were reviewed to determine the frequency of dry taps, the diagnoses and pathologic findings in these cases, and the associated laboratory findings. Among 2,235 simultaneous bone marrow aspirations and biopsies, 87 were dry taps (3.9%). Of these 87 dry taps, only six (6.9%) showed normal marrow biopsies, whereas the majority showed significant marrow pathology, usually associated with fibrosis, or hypercellularity, or both. These conditions most likely account for the inability to aspirate marrow. The most frequent diagnoses were metastatic carcinoma (17.2%), chronic myelogenous leukemia (14.9%), idiopathic myelofibrosis (13.8%), and hairy cell leukemia (10.3%). The presence of peripheral blood nucleated red blood cells, thrombocytopenia, and elevation of the serum lactate dehydrogenase were frequent findings in patients who experienced dry taps. Methods to obtain sufficient marrow for rapid diagnosis in these cases are discus

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHuman theta (θ1)‐globin gene represents a member of the α‐like globin gene family residing on chromosome 16. θ1‐Specific transcripts have been detected so far only in erythroid tissues and in erythroleukemia K562 cells. To investigate systematically its inducible expression and developmental specificity, we analyzed at the RNA level five additional human erythroleukemia cell lines with diverse developmental globin programs, two somatic cell hybrids between K562 and mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells, a human fetal liver x MEL somatic cell hybrid, and reticulocytes and bone marrow cells from normal adults. θ1‐Globin gene was expressed in all cell types. Inducible expression (two‐to sixfold) was documented both in HEL and K562 erythroleukemia cells after 5‐azacytidine treatment. Like K562 cells, HEL cells also displayed hemin‐inducible θ1‐globin gene expression. Following transfer of human chromosome 16 from embryonic/fetal K562 to the adult MEL cells, θ1‐globin gene remained active but lost its potential for inducibility, suggesting probably atransregulation mechanism. Higher levels of θ1 mRNA were found in fetal liver cells compared with trace amounts in reticulocytes and normal adult bone marrow cells. These data clearly show that in contrast to the embryonic and adult patterns of expression of ζ and α‐globin genes, respectively, θ1‐globin gene displays a different profile, being active predominantly during the early stages of ontogeny, switching to lower le

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 16‐year old boy was known to suffer from red blood cell (RBC) aplasia from the age of 4 years. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from the patient were found to lack natural killer (NK) cytotoxic activity, even after stimulation with α‐interferon. His PBL also lacked Leu‐7+and Leu‐11+cells, although his granulocytes showed normal expression of the Leu‐11 marker. The lack of NK cells did not seem to result from the various immunosuppressive treatments he received, since the NK deficiency was noted 2 years after he stopped receiving such treatment. The possibility is discussed that lack of NK cells may lead to the development of RBS aplasia if NK cells play a role in promoting the product

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case of extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) with a massive mediastinal mass in a 72‐year‐old woman with hereditary spherocytosis is reported. Several cases of EMH have been described in nonsplenectomized adults with hereditary spherocytosis, and it is thought to be a consequence of long‐term stimulation of erythropoiesis. The exact mechanism remains controversial. EMH should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an asymptomatic paravertebral

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 14‐year‐old boy with fatal varicella zoster virus‐associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) was treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) based on the finding that the patient had severe neutropenia and possible bacterial superinfection. Support for the G‐CSF therapy in VAHS is provided by the recent reports that G‐CSF is relatively specific for the granulocyte lineage; it would not activate mature monocyte/macrophage/histiocyte lineage in VAHS, where the most striking morphologic feature is histiocytic hyperplasia with hemophagocytosis. He responded well to G‐CSF with an elevation of neutrophil counts. There were no effects on other blood cells. The result indicates that G‐CSF is useful to increase granulocyte production in severe neutropenia, even in the sett

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe report a case of extranodal T‐cell lymphoma with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and diffuse sinusoidal infiltration of the spleen, liver, and bone marrow by the tumor cells, mimicking malignant histiocytosis. This is the second case of T‐γ (T‐cell suppressor) lymphoma resembling the case reported by Kadin et al. [N Engl J Med 304:648, 1981]. The lack of lymph node involvement in this case supports the theory that this type of lymphoma arises in the spleen. This paper draws attention to the extranodal T‐cell lymphoma groups that mimic malignant histiocytosis and to the need of immunophenotyping for a correct diagnosis. The causes for the absence of T‐cell receptor gene rearrangement in T‐cell tumors a

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSick infants frequently develop impaired hemostasis as a secondary event. Abnormal platelet‐vessel wall interaction contributes to the hemorrhagic side effects. Currently, the bleeding time is the best measure of in vivo platelet participation in small vessel hemostasis. Bleeding times in the newborn have been previously determined with an automated device designed for the adult or with nonautomated devices. The automated bleeding time device for the adult is not suitable for the infant (length 5 mm, depth 1 mm). We evaluated the performance of an automated bleeding time device designed specifically for the newborn making a cut 2.5 mm in length and 0.5 mm in depth. The results with the automated device showed a strong correlation with the modified template bleeding time device previously used for the newborn. The normal range was shorter and the sensitivity to abnormal vessel wall interaction was greater with the automated device. As well, the ease of determining the bleeding time with the automated device was considerably improved over the template devic

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830350411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY