摘要:

AbstractThese studies were undertaken to determine if schistosomal and ragweed antigens incubated with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) would stimulate the production of an eosinophil colony stimulating factor (CSF) which was active on human bone marrow. These studies have shown that schistosoma mansoni antigen in a concentration of 5 μg/ml incubated with MNC's from unsensitized individuals lead to production of a conditioned medium which did not stimulate an increased number of total colonies but did increase the number of eosinophil colonies (44 to 61 colonies). Ragweed antigen also stimulated increased eosinophil CSF (from 44 to 63 colonies).The granulocyte response to parasitic antigens almost invariably involves the eosinophil system. Eosinophils play a vital role in the control of these diseases in humans. Further understanding of the interaction of parasitic antigens with the granulopoietic system will hopefully give new and important clues as to how such parasites interact with man and how they are controlled

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn vitro lymphocyte functions in a patient with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and his kindred were examined. The percentage and number of total peripheral blood T cells and the absolute number of FCγ bearing T cells were decreased in the patient and family members compared to controls but the B cells and monocytes were normal. In addition, PHA and PWM stimulated proliferation were decreased. Decreased responsiveness to PWM was abrogated by preculturing PBMC in media alone before PWM stimulation. Decreased responsiveness to PHA was not reversed by a similar period of preculture.To further define the above abnormalities in immunoregulation we examined mononuclear subpopulations. In controls, adding purified T cells or Con A activated lymphocytes to autologous cultures which had been stimulated with PHA and PWM significantly decreased proliferative activity. No such suppressive activity of T cells or Con A activated cells from the patient or family members was noted.These data demonstrate an absent or functionally inactive spontaneous and Con A activated T suppressor cells in the family of a patient with Waldenström's macroglobulinem

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProtamine sulfate (salmine), a basic protein with a molecular weight of 4,626 ± 109, is a known antiheparin agent which in the absence of heparin demonstrates an anticoagulant activity. To date, much work has been done to elucidate the interaction of heparin with thrombin and its physiologic inhibitor, Antithrombin III (ATIII). Little is known, however, about the mechanism of anticoagulant action of protamine sulfate and its mode of thrombin inactivation. We provide information about the interaction of protamine sulfate with purified, labeled thrombin and ATIII through binding experiments in which protamine is shown to inhibit the inactivation of thrombin by ATIII. Furthermore, we show in clotting assays that protamine sulfate has an inhibitory effect on thrombin in the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, and that this inhibition is concentration dependent, partial, and reversible

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated functional and histologic abnormalities of the liver, and, more recently, splenomegaly in patients with hemophilia. Since these observations usually were derived from hemophiliacs who had received intensive replacement therapy, the question was posed as to whether the frequency of splenic and hepatic abnormalities was secondary to the amount of therapy utilized. In this study, a variety of tests were employed to evaluate spleen and liver size and function to determine if abnormalities in these organs correlated with the intensity of the transfusion program. The study group was comprised of 25 hemophiliacs (mean factor replacement—18,361 U/year; median factor replacement—12,920 U/year). Over 70% of our patients had elevations of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase. Immunoglobulin and complement levels were normal in most subjects. Ninety‐six percent had evidence of exposure to hepatitis B virus. Liver‐spleen imaging suggested significant hepatic abnormalities in most of the patients as evidenced by inhomogeneity of tracer uptake in the liver in 33% and relatively increased colloid uptake in the spleen in 90%. Splenomegaly (palpable spleen or enlargement on liver‐spleen imaging) was detected in 40% of our patients, and tended to occur in the more frequently transfused patients. These findings indicate that significant abnormalities of the spleen and liver can occur in hemophiliacs who have received moderate amounts of replacement therapy and that liver‐spleen imaging may be a useful method for monitoring the development of hepatic and splenic ab

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe mechanism of anemia in four patients with transient red cell aplasia of childhood (“erythroblastopenia”) was studied at the time of diagnosis by assessing the colony growth of marrow erythroid progenitors in methylcellulose tissue cultures. Marrow from Patient 1 yielded high normal numbers of BFU‐E colonies that were completely abolished on addition of autologous serum or IgG. Patient 2 had normal BFU‐E growth that markedly declined when autologous serum or IgM was added to the cultures, but growth remained unchanged with added autologous IgG or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Marrow from Patient 3 yielded low CFU‐E and BFU‐E numbers with standard plating techniques, but colonies strikingly increased when marrow fractions from an albumin density gradient were cultured. PBMC from Patient 3 suppressed control marrow CFU‐E and BFU‐E, but serum had no effect. Patient 4 had normal CFU‐E and BFU‐E that increased with autologous serum and remained unchanged with autologous PBMC. We conclude that the red cell aplasia in Patients 1, 2, and 3 was due to suppressed erythropoiesis via IgG, IgM, and cell‐mediated inhibition, respectively. In contrast, in Patient 4 no immune mechanism was demonstrated. Whereas transient red cell aplasia has a uniform clinical presentation, there are at least four pathogenetic mechanisms that can

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe describe five monoclonal antibodies that react with four discrete antigens present on human platelets. Antibodies B2.12 and B59.2 precipitate the glycoprotein IIb‐IIIa complex from radiolabeled platelet membrane extracts and inhibit platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen, or epinephrine. The antigen recognized by the two antibodies is present on megakaryocytes but either absent entirely or expressed in small amounts on platelets from Glanzmann's thrombasthenic patients. The antigen recognized by antibody B37.3 is absent from thrombasthenic platelets. Antibody B1.12 reacts with an antigen shared by platelets and 20% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation. Antibody B2.10 reacts specifically with platelets and megakaryocytes but does not affect platelet functions. Thus, these reagents are useful tools in diagnostic and functional studies of both normal and abnormal platelet

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudies of in vitro chemotaxis and spontaneous migration of human leukocytes using the accepted method with the Boyden‐chamber‐filter are troublesome, because of the need for specially constructed vessels as well as the difficulties caused by the use of membrane filters. We describe a new and simplified method for measuring human leucocyte chemotaxis, which is a modification of the recently described underagarose migration method and which is based upon spontaneous migration of cells from a soft agarose droplet and in response to a chemotactic gradient. We examined suspensions of leukocytes, purified granulocytes, and mononuclear cells from 10 healthy normal adults and from 10 samples of cord blood using E Coli O111B4endotoxin‐activated human serum as attractant. Our results showed that the mean chemotactic indices (C.I.‐chemotaxis/migration) for purified granulocytes and for mononuclear cells from normal individuals were 3.0 ± 1.2 and 2.7 ± 1.5, respectively. Chemotaxis was significantly reduced when unwashed leukocytes were studied, indicating a detrimental effect of autologous plasma on leukocytic response to a chemotactic stimulus in this system. Cord blood cells showed normal spontaneous migration, but significantly decreased chemotaxis. This preliminary report shows that the technique is simple, rapid, and reproducible, and can detect abnormalities of chemotaxis in both granulocytes and mononucl

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn evaluation of three techniques for detection of antiplatelet antibodies in ATP is made. The platelet factor 3 availability after immunoinjury and the immunohystochemical technique using immunoperoxidase were more sensitive than14C‐5HT release from platelets for this purpose. The percentage of positive cases was similar in acute and chronic ATP patients while it significantly fell in cases in remission. A high proportion of patients in clinical remission had normal platelet aggregation, despite the persistence of antiplatelet antibodie

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe report the first case of severe thrombocytopenia occurring after ingestion of a widely used cholecystographic medium, iocetamic acid. The patient had not been given any treatment before he received the gallbladder contrast medium. Onset of symptoms was acute, and the clinical course was benign with complete recovery after one week. Bone marrow aspiration showed increased numbers of megakaryocytes, suggesting that platelets were rapidly removed from circulation. In vitro tests for antiplatelet antibodies were not performed because iocetamic acid is insoluble in aqueous solutions. Since only a few cases of thrombocytopenia following ingestion of iodine‐compounds have been reported, it seems highly unlikely that purpura will be, in the future, a major hazard in cholecystography. However, it would be wise to question patients as to any prior sensitivity to iodine before proceeding with oral cholecystograph

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe role of gram‐negative bacteria in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis has been stressed. We describe a 21‐year‐old woman with chronic neutropenia with cyclic fluctuations who died of necrotizing enterocolitis due to Clostridium septicum. Seven patients with cyclic neutropenia and necrotizing enterocolitis have been described in the literature and in each case in which bacteriologic data were reported, a Clostridial infection was documented. Patients with cyclic neutropenia should be treated with antibiotics effective against Clostridial species when abdominal symptoms complicate neutropenic pe

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830140311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY