摘要:

AbstractFor the purpose of preventing a relapse of acute leukemia which is currently the major problem in the successful treatment of the disease, repeated consolidation or intensification therapy during the first year following remission is important. To evaluate these therapies, we investigated the serial changes in CFU‐C's of the marrow cells from 12 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in remission and tried to estimate the relationship between the intensity of consolidation or intensification therapy and the duration of remission, utilizing the degree of reduction in CFU‐C's seven days after these treatments as an indicator. As a result, after 21 out of 22 courses of therapy where CFU‐C's were reduced significantly after the therapy, the patients were still in remission at the time of the next intensification therapy (at most for about 100 days). On the other hand, after five out of ten courses where CFU‐C's were not reduced significantly, the patients were in relapse at the time of the next intensification therapy. From these results, it may be inferred that cases whose CFU‐C's are not reduced significantly should be treated intensively again within a sho

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe studied the growth of erythroid burst‐forming units (BFU‐E) and erythroid colony forming units (CFU‐E) from bone marrow and blood in six patients with erythroleukemia. Five patients grew CFU‐E, while BFU‐E were found in the marrow of two and in the peripheral blood of only one patient. In all cases with colony growth, the numbers of colonies were markedly decreased with respect to normal controls. Patient BFU‐E were composed of fewer clusters than those of controls. BFU‐E and CFU‐E growth was dependent on the addition of erythropoietin to the medium, and no growth was observed in absence of erythropoietin. At present it is not known if the growth obtained is derived from residual normal erythropoietic stem cells or from abnormal erythroid precursors of the

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAdriamycin® is an important cancer chemotherapeutic agent whose clinical use is compromised by potentially lethal cardiotoxicity. In the mouse, cardiotoxicity is related to the peroxidation of cardiac lipids. Both phenomena, however, can be reduced by pretreatment of the animal with vitamin E. Using the platelet as our model we have demonstrated that Adriamycin induces lipid peroxidation of human platelets in a dose‐dependent manner. Platelet malonyldialdehyde (MDA) production was used as an indicator of lipid peroxidation. Adriamycin at 5, 10, 50, and 100 μg/ml produced 1.40 ± 0.2 (1 SD), 2.23 ± 0.41, 4.23 ± 0.4, and 6.13 ± 0.43 nmoies MDA per 109platelets, respectively. Vitamin E both in vitro and in vivo inhibited this lipid peroxidation. In vitro, vitamin E at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/ml inhibited platelet MDA formation by 14 ± 2, 29 ± 5, and 38 ± 6%, respectively. In six controls who ingested 1,600 units vitamin E daily for two weeks, platelet MDA formation induced by N‐ethyl maleimide, thrombin, and Adriamycin was decreased by 11‐20%. In similar studies, the ingestion of 10 grains acelyl salicylic acid (ASA) also inhibited platelet lipid peroxidation induced by these same agents. ASA and vitamin E were not additive in their inhibition of MDA formation induced by N‐ethyl maleimide or thrombin. They were additive, however, in their inhibition of Adriamycin‐induced lipid peroxidation, which suggests that the effect of vitamin E on Adriamycin‐induced platelet lipid peroxidation is not due to inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase. In the light of these observations on the inhibitory effect of vitamin E on lipid peroxidation in human platelets, further studies appear warranted on the clinical effects of E in inhibiting cardiac lipid peroxidation and concomitant cardiotoxicity in humans o

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing an in vitro system to evaluate the simultaneous use of two drugs, we previously have confirmed the synergism of vincristine and prednisolone cytotoxicity against lymphoid cells. Experiments were now carried out to determine whether other steroid hormones can be substituted for prednisolone. Partial or complete potentiation of vincristine cytotoxicity comparable to that achieved by the addition of prednisolone was observed when the latter drug was replaced by a variety of mineralocorticoids (aldosterone, desoxycorticosterone and fludrocortisone), glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone, dexamethasone), androgens (testosterone, methyltestosterone, androsterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, etiocholanolone), estrogens (estrone, 17‐βestradiol) and progestins (progesterone, pregnanediol). No potentiation of cytotoxicity was observed when nonsteroidal hormones (thyroxin, ACTH) were added to vincristine. It is concluded that a wide variety of compounds with the basic perhydrocyclopentano‐phenanthrene nucleus of the steroid molecule are capable of enhancing the cytotoxicity achieved with vincris

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA group of rabbits was treated chronically with phenylhydrazine to induce hemolysis and stimulate erythropoiesis. The mean volume of the marrow fat cell of a control group of hematologically normal rabbits was 54.8 pl; the mean volume of the perinephric fat cell was 549.5 pl, a volume ratio, perinephric/marrow of 10: 1. In the experimental animals the mean volume of the marrow fat cell fell to 25.9 pl; the volume of the perinephric fat cell was unchanged and the volume ratio, perinephric/marrow was 18: 1. Fat cell volume studies performed on rabbits subjected to chronic bleeding yielded comparable data. The l‐C14palmitate uptake (esterification capacity) calculated on a cell basis was the same for both marrow and perinephric fat cells and was unaffected by phenylhydrazine treatment. The fatty acid composition shows higher content of unsaturated fatty acids in the marrow fat than in the perinephric fat of the control animal. In the experimental animal there appears to be a preferential release of the unsaturated fatty acid. The findings of the study suggest that increased hematopoiesis stimulates lipolysis of marrow fat cells, probably through the local release of a chemical substance. Marrow fat appears to be functionally related to hematopoiesis rather than to systemic fat storage. Marrow fat may be involved in the metabolic support of hematopoiesi

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a disorder characterized by the production of abnormal erythrocytes (PNH‐E). The PNH‐E undergoes early intravascular destruction which appears to be related to an intrinsic membrane defect that results in extreme sensitivity to lysis by complement. The lipids of the PNH‐E have been evaluated because of the variable results reported in the past. This study shows a normal content of cholesterol and lipid phosphorus with a normal distribution of the phosopholipids except for a slight increase in lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC) when measured using the complete lipid extract of the PNH‐E. Fractionation of the lipid extract over a silicic acid column produced an alteration in the distribution of the phospholipids, with LPC and sphingomyelin increasing, and the other phospholipds decreasing. These alterations were seen only when the phospholipids were fractioned over a silicic acid column and were clearly an in vitro phenomenon. The levels of plasmalogen and malonaldehyde were normal, unlike those seen with oxidant stress. Fatty acid analysis of the phospholipids showed small but consistent changes: increased 16:0 and decreased 18:2. The total glycosphingolipids were slightly decreased in the patients with severe PNH. The results support and extend previous lipid data indicating abnormalities in the phospholipids of the PNH‐E. The alterations of the phospholipids with fractionation correlate with previous whole cell data that suggest lipid instability in

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHemoglobin synthesis was studied in vitro in reticulocytes from a patient with the anti‐Lepore variant Hb Lincoln Park. Incorporation of L‐leucine‐3H into the α and βδ chains of Hb Lincoln Park was substantially less than the incorporation into the corresponding globin chains of Hb A, with the rate of synthesis of the βδ chain being similar to that of the δ chain of Hb A2. Synthcis of the a and total non‐α globin components was unbalanced, with a substantial excess of α chain synthesis. These findings help to explain the mild hemolytic disease present in individuals with this hem

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA technique involving the quantitative estimation of globin chains using cellulose acetate electrophoresis is described, and applied to the analysis of fetal globin chain production. When cord blood was analyzed, there was poor correlation between the globin chain ratios namely β/α, γ/α and β/γ ratios with either age or weight of newborn babies between 36–40 weeks gestation: best correlations were obtained for the β/γ ratio against weight (P<0.05). However, there was highly significant correlation between the various globin chain ratios and either age or weight of the newborn infant up to 12 weeks of age (P<0.001). This technique allows visual demonstration and quantitation of abnormal haemoglobins in a single

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn unusual combination of host defense abnormalities was demonstrated in an adult male with recurrent pulmonary infections due to a variety of microorganisms. Polymorphonuclear neutrophil chemotaxis was defective. Other neutrophil and T‐lymphocyte function tests were normal. The patient's serum also showed a severe deficiency of IgG, no detectable IgA, IgM, or IgD, and increased IgE. The chemotactic defect was shown to be due to a cell‐directed inhibitor in the patient's serum. The effect of the inhibitor on chemotaxis could be antagonized by factors in normal serum. The chemotaxis defect persisted for several months, but eventually returned to nor

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAcquired von Willebrand syndrome is reported in a 16‐year‐old girl with systemic lupus erythematosus. Routine coagulation studies showed a normal platelet count, prolonged bleeding time, and abnormal glass bead retention. Factor VIII molecular complex respective activities were 8% for VIII AHF and undetectable for VIII VWF (ristocetin aggregation of washed platelets) and VIII AGN (electro‐immunodiffusion).In vitro, the patient's plasma exhibited an inhibitory activity against exogenous VIII AGN and VIII VWF but did not neutralize VIII AHF activity of control plasma, even after a two‐hour incubation at 37°C. This inhibitory activity was supported by the purified plasma IgG fraction. In vivo, following cryoprecipitate administration (20 units VIII AHF/kg), only 50% of the infused VIII AHF activity was recovered after 15 mn, and the original level was reached four hours later. Only a transient peak of VIII VWF activity was observed, and VIII AGN level did not increase at all after the infusion.After the start of prednisone therapy the three factor VIII related activities returned to normal levels in the following order: VIII AHF and VIII VWF (9‐12 days); VIII AGN (3 weeks).These findings could be explained by the formation of a short‐lived circulating immune complex between the antibody and the factor VIII molecular complex. In such an hypothesis the autoantibody would respect the site of VIII AHF activity and would mask the site reacting with anti VIII AGN hete

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830050411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY