摘要:

AbstractThe phorbolester 12‐0‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA) was used for the induction of differentiation in cells of the human leukemia cell line SPI‐802. The cellular morphology, surface marker antigen expression, and isoenzyme profiles of four enzymes (carboxylic esterase, acid phosphatase, hexosaminidase, and lactate dehydrogenase) served as parameters for monitoring the induced phenotypical changes. TPA led to distinct alterations of the morphology and significantly affected the growth rate with cessation of cell proliferation. No major increase in the number of nitro blue tetrazolium‐positive cells or aggregation of cells, phagocytosis of latex beads, adherence to plastic surface, or development of pseudopodia were observed. As TPAtreated SPI‐802 cells remained negative for these markers of the monocyte‐macrophage complex, it can be concluded that the cells did not differentiate into monocytes and macrophages. The immunological marker profile based on testing of 55 monoclonal antibodies, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and two erythrocyte rosette tests indicated a differentiation of SPI‐802 cells along the granulocytic cell lineage. This was confirmed by isoenzyme analysis, especially that of carboxylic esterase. An isoenzyme specific for monocytes and macrophages was not detected. In earlier studies it was found that SPI‐802 cells produce hemoglobin upon exposure to TPA or hemin. This latter observation and the present results suggested a comparison with the two erythroleukemia cell lines K‐562 and HEL. SPI‐802 cells appear to have the potential to differentiate along

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHuman blood platelet activation elicited by latex particles is associated to a 30% decrease in the cellular content of vitamin E. The vitamin E consumption is inhibited by the addition of catalase (500 U/ml) and azide (1 mM), but it is not affected by potassium cyanide (1 mM). It may be proposed that the challenge of platelets with particulate stimuli causes generation of oxygen reduction products, which leads to vitamin E depletion.

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree elderly females are reported who presented with high‐grade lymphoma of the thyroid and subsequently were found to have extensive gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma that dominated their clinical courses. One of the patients remains free of disease 30+ months after extensive resection of involved bowel and combination chemotherapy. Two died from disseminated lymphoma. Optimal delivery of therapy in both of the latter patients was impeded by massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage. A review of previously reported cases of thyroid lymphoma, plus those described here. suggests a predilection for these tumors to involve the GI tract independent of other organ metastase

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA simple thin‐layer isoelectric focusing technique was used to separate Hb F‐Sardinia, containing theAγT‐globin chain, from the Hb F containing the γ‐ and theAγI‐ globin chains. The identity of the slow‐moving Hb F fraction as Hb F‐Sardinia was verified by PAGE. A negative correlation (R2= 0.747, p<0.001) was found between the percent Hb F‐Sardinia and percentGγ‐chain in homozygotes for β‐thalassemia. Of 31 Sardinian β‐thalassemic patients studied, 21 were homozygous and eight heterozygous for theAγTpolymorphism with a gene frequency of 0.823. The mean values of Hb F‐Sardinia were 39.1 ± 5.9% for the homozygotes and 17.1 ± 3.6% for the heterozygotes. The percentage of Hb F‐Sardinia found in β°‐thalassemic newborns was similar to that of corresponding normal newborns who also had theAγTpoly‐morphism. No measurable differences in the percent Hb F‐Sardinia level were observed among β°‐thal patients who were polytransfused, β°‐thal patients studied before transfusion, and β°‐thal patients exhibiting the interme

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractComparative studies in early treatment for DIC caused by circulatory arrest were carried out on three groups of dogs during 300 min from the recovery of circulatory arrest: a heparin group, a FOY (gabexate mesilate) group, and a FUT‐175 (nafamostat mesilate) group. The parameters employed were platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), fibrinogen, antithrombin‐III (AT‐III), and fibrin or fibrinogen degradation products (FDP).In the heparin group, there was less of a drop in the platelet count and the level of AT‐III than in the control group, but the FDP levels were the same as in the control group. The PT and APTT remained within normal limits in the FOY group and no decrease was observed in either platelet count or AT‐III levels. In addition, FDP levels were kept within normal limits. In the FUT‐175 group, prolongation of APTT, no decline in the platelet count and AT‐III levels, and normal levels of FDP were observed.The results of these experiments indicate the importance of early treatment for DIC. Judging from the parameters, better results were obtained in the FOY and FUT‐175 group than in th

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examines the effect of different levels of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) and the presence or absence of genes for α‐thalassemia on the red cell indices and degree of anemia among 102 patients with homozygous sickle cell disease (S/S) between the ages of 15 and 62 years. Patients were divided into those with an average Hb F of10 gm/L („high”︁ Hb F group). α‐Thalassemia was assessed by restriction enzyme analysis of DNA by the Southern blotting technique. Homozygosity for the βsgene was confirmed by restriction enzyme analysis of DNA using the enzymeMstII.There were 51 patients with four α‐globin genes, 28 of whom had „high”︁ and 23 „low”︁ Hb F levels. Fifty‐one patients had α‐thalassemia, 38 of whom were heterozygous and 13 homozygous for the 3. 7 kb α‐thalassemia deletion. Nine had „high”︁ and 31 had „low”︁ Hb F. Irrespective of α‐globin genotype, patients in the high Hb F group had a higher mean Hb, Hct, MCV, and MCH than those in the low HB F group. In patients without α‐thalassemia Hb F was positively correlated with MCV and MCH (p<0.001), patients with high Hb F levels having macrocytosis confirmed by microhematocrit studies. Patients with α‐thalassemia had a lower MCHC than patients with four α‐globin genes and this was not significantly affected by the level of Hb F. The combination of α‐thalassemia and high levels of Hb F appears to result in a distinctive S/S phenotype th

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSince the advent of routine automated platelet counting we have observed unexplained periparturient thrombocytopenia (PPT) in an unexpected number of periparturient women, ie, during labor or within 24 hr postpartum. Mean ± SD platelet count in 686 random blood donors was 236 ± 50 ± 109/L and 1.02% had a platelet count<136 ± 109/L; in 2,204 random prenatal and postpartum women mean count was significantly higher (275 ± 86 ± 109/L; p6 months. PPT occurred in successive pregnancies with normal intervening platelet counts. Nine of 34 newborns of mothers with PPT were thrombocytopenic; there was no correlation between mother's and baby's platelet counts. In no case of PPT was there excessive bleeding in mother or infant. Positive indirect platelet radioactive antiglobulin tests (PRAT) were seen in 11% of normal postpartum women and in 90% of 22 women with PPT; 65% of the positive tests in PPT were due to reactions with anti‐C3 only. In contrast, pregnant women with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP) had positive PRAT primarily because of anti‐IgG ( ± anti‐C3); only 10% were positive only with anti‐C3. Results were concordant in all of eight women with PPT tested by both indirect and direct PRAT. Amount of C3 bound per platelet in direct or indirect PRAT was not predictive of degree of thrombocytopenia, but there was correlation of fg C3 per platelet detected by the two assays in individual patients (r = 0.8). Mean levels of serum C3, C4, and factor B in women with PPT did not differ from normal; individual patients had abnormal serum complements but no characteristic pattern was observed. Increased immune complexes were observed in 6% of normal subjects and 33% of women with PPT.Etiology and mechanism of PPT is unclear. Despite lack of clinical evidence in women with PPT of syndromes associated with increased platelet destruction, the presence of preeclampsia cannot be absolutely excluded. Similarly, although the pattern of antiglobulin sensitization in PPT differed markedly from that seen in AITP, autoimmune disorder cannot be excluded. Alloantibodies did not appear to be responsible for PPT. While PPT is usually benign, some patients had a markedly reduced platelet count. Recognition of the phenomenon may be imp

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of carbamylation and frozen storage on the autologous51Cr survival and metabolic features of sickle erythrocytes (S‐RBCs) were determined. Red cells from four patients with sickle hemoglobinopathies were treated with 50 mM sodium cyanate for 2 hr (37°C), glycerolized and frozen (−30°C) for 62‐153 days. The mean in vitro loss of S‐RBCs from the combination of cyanate treatment and cryopreservation was 23.6% (±3.5 SD). The 2, 3‐diphosphoglycerate content of the thawed cells did not change significantly. However, ATP levels decreased to about 50% of the corresponding values in fresh, untreated S‐RBCs. Despite this decrease in ATP, the mean intravascular survival of the frozen cyanated cells nearly doubled. At the high concentration of cyanate used, the oxygen affinity of S‐RBCs increased markedly: Their mean P50 was 13.1 mm Hg (± 1.9SD). The gelation of HbS at zero pO2was also markedly inhibited in the one sample of cyanate‐treated S‐RBCs examined. Clinical studies to determine the efficacy of autologous transfusions with extensively carbamylated, cryopreserved S‐RB

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe presence of teardrop‐shaped red cells in peripheral blood has traditionally been felt to reflect altered marrow architecture, namely myelofibrosis. We evaluated two patients with splenomegaly, moderately severe hemolytic anemia due to warm‐reactive IgG anti‐red cell autoantibody, and bone marrow erythroid hyperplasia without myelofibrosis. A striking predominance of teardrop‐shaped red cells was noted upon examination of their blood films. Removal of a spleen containing extramedullary hematopoiesis in one and resolution of splenomegaly in the other were accompanied by disappearance of these cells. Our observations support a role for the spleen and for extramedullary hematopoiesis in the pathogenesis of this distinctive red cell morphologic abno

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe investigation of kindreds with recurrent thrombotic disease has advanced the understanding of the mechanisms of coagulation and fibrinolysis. In those cases where an etiology has been established, congenital thrombotic disorders are associated either with deficiencies or qualitative abnormalities in inhibitors of activated coagulation factors, qualitative abnormalities of fibrinogen, fibrinolytic defects that impair clot lysis, or an inborn error of metabolism, homocystinuria. The etiologies of congenital thrombotic disorders, their clinical features, and an approach to their laboratory diagnosis are summarized in this review.

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830210411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY