摘要:

AbstractThe effect of dexamethasone on mouse bone marrow granulocyte‐monocyte precursor cells (CFU‐C) was studied in vitro. Dexamethasone inhibited colony formation in the presence of maximally stimulating concentrations of colony‐stimulating activity. A mean colony reduction of 55% occurred at 109M dexamethasone and inhibition was observed at concentrations as low as 10−12M. The dexamethasone suppression could be abrogated by progesterone. These studies provide evidence that the committed granulocyte‐monocyte stem cell has a glucocorticoid receptor mechanism that when activated results in inhibition of cellular proliferation

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCellular and humoral factors involved in the regulation of granulopoiesis were evaluated in two patients with cyclic neutropenia by utilizing the agar‐gel marrow culture technique to serially study marrow granulocytic colony‐forming capacity (CFC) and the urinary output of colony‐stimulating factor (CSF). CSF output varied inversely with peripheral neutrophil counts and directly with monocyte counts and evidence for infection (endotoxemia and/or staphylococcal abscesses). Following autologous infusion of one patient's plasma obtained during a period of neutropenia, increased urinary excretion of CSF occurred concomitant with increments in both marrow CFC and the proportion of granulocytic progenitor cells in DNA synthesis. Neutrophil periodicity was not altered by the administration of the neutropenic plasma. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that cyclic neutropenia is caused by a quantitatively decreased entry of stem cells or granulocytic progenitor cells into granulopo

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTherapy with vincristine and prednisone (VP) has produced remissions in 30% of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast transformation (CML‐BT). The possibility that therapy with VP can adversely affect the production of mature granulocytes in this setting has not been appreciated, as these drugs are generally considered free of myelotoxicity. In this report we review eight courses of VP administered to three patients with CML‐BT. Granulocytopenia developed following all five courses in which granulocyte counts were normal prior to therapy; granulocytopenia worsened in two of three courses in patients who were granulocytopenic prior to therapy. Progressive leukemia in the marrow was excluded as a cause of granulocytopenia. It is important to recognize that VP therapy rather than disease progression may be a cause of granulocytopenia in CML

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐five cases of Hodgkin's Disease (15 males and 10 females) aged 5 to 17 years were studied from April 1970 to July 1976 (75 month period). Histology revealed that 2 had lymphocytic predominance, 12 had nodular sclerosis, and 11 had mixed cellularity. Pathologic staging revealed that 3 were IA, 1 IB, 5 IIA, 4 IIB, 6 IIIA, and 6 IIIB. Laparotomy altered the staging in 12 patients (9 were staged up and 3 down). All but 2 patients received extended field radiation, and 5 had recurrence of disease and were treated with combination chemotherapy. Twenty‐three are alive without evidence of disease (21–75 months), and the 2 deaths were not due to Hodgkin's Disease but to hemobilia (postliver biopsy) and penumococcal septicemia, purpura fulminans, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (14 months postsplenectomy). Other complications included 2 patients with intestinal obstruction, 1 with postoperative subphrenic abscess, and 1 with streptococcal septicemia and polyarthritis. Nineteen patients received continuous penicillin prophylaxis postoperatively and the 2 with serious infections were amongst the 6 who had not received penicillin or whose penicillin had been discontinued at the time of infection. It is concluded that laparotomy and splenectomy in children is essential for accurate staging but carries significant risk, and continuous penicillin prophylaxis is recomm

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBlast cell surface markers for T‐ and B‐lymphocyte characteristics were studied at diagnosis in 73 children with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoproliferative malignancies. Three distinctive groups of patients were identified on the basis of the analysis of blast cells for surface immunoglobulin (SIg), sheep erythrocyte (sE) rosette formation, and complement receptors. The seven group I patients had monoclonal IgM on their blast cells, morphologic features of Burkitt's lymphoma, abdominal masses, and very short survival. The 13 group II patients had receptors for sE, complement, or both on their blast cells, mediastinal or nodal masses, and short survival. The distinction between leukemia and lymphoma based on the presence of bone marrow involvement at diagnosis is not prognostically useful in this group of patients. The blast cells of group II patients could not be morphologically distinguished from those of the group III patients. The 53 group III patients had SIg, sE, and complement negative blast cells and could be further subdivided on the basis of white blood cell count. The nine group IIIApatients (>100.0 × 109/liter) had in general short survival, while most of the 44 group IIIBpatients (<100.0 × 109/liter) have remained in complete remission. Positive surface markers, mass lesions, male sex, and age of diagnosis<2 years or ≧ 10 years appear to be interrelated factors indicating poor prognosis. Elevated white blood cell count is a prognostic indicator independent of surface marker analysis or presence of mas

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSialic acid has been detected on the erythrocyte surface of a number of different species of animals. The objective of this investigation was to determine the physiological significance of these sialyl residues to the viability of erythrocytes in circulation.Methods have been described for the determination of total sialic acid on red blood cells and the conditions under which it may be released with sialidase. Chicken, dog, goat, and rabbit were chosen for these studies because of the differences in the amount (3 × 106‐72 × 106residues per erythrocyte), and type (N‐acetyl‐ or N‐glycolyl‐neuraminic acids) of sialic acid found on the surface of their erythrocytes.Radioactive tagging with Na251CrO4was used to monitor the effect of sialidase on the viability of erythrocytes upon autologous transfusion. By the two criteria used to assess the viability of erythrocytes — the percentage of erythrocytes surviving 24 hr after the autologous transfusion, and the half‐life of those red blood cells in circulation that survive the first 24 hr — it is apparent that the presence of sialic acid on the cell surface is crucial for the survival of nonnucleated mammalian erythrocytes. The loss of viability of dog erythrocytes can be elicited by the removal of approximately 10% of the total sialic acid. In marked contrast to the behavior of mammalian erythrocytes, sialidase‐treated chicken erythrocytes appear to retain their viabi

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo new variants of glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency associated with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia were discovered in Japan. Gd(‐) Tokushima was found in a 17‐year‐old male whose erythrocytes contained 4.4% of normal enzyme activity. Partially purified enzyme revealed a main band of normal electrophoretic mobility with additional two minor bands of different mobility; normal Km G6P, and Km NADP five‐ to sixfold higher than normal; normal utilization of 2‐deoxy‐G6P, galactose‐6P, and deamino‐NADP; marked thermal instability; a normal pH curve; and normal Ki NADPH. The hemolytic anemia was moderate to severe. Gd(‐) Tokyo was characterized from a 15‐year‐old male who had chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia of mild degree. The erythrocytes contained 3% of normal enzyme activity, and partially purified enzyme revealed slow electrophoretic mobility (90% of normal for both a tris‐hydrochloride buffer system and a tris‐EDTA‐borate buffer system, and 70% of normal for a phosphate buffer system); normal Km G6P and Km NADP; normal utilization of 2‐deoxy‐G6P, galactose‐6P, and deamino‐NADP; greatly increased thermal instability; a normal pH curve; and normal Ki NADPH. These two variants are clearly different from hitherto described G6PD variants, including the Japanese variants Gd(‐) Heian and Gd(‐) Kyoto. The mothers of both Gd(‐) Tokushima and Gd(‐) Tokyo were found to

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudies have been carried out to determine the sensitivity of hematopoietic CFU‐S from Rauscher leukemic mice to an antiserum against the disease prepared in syngeneic mice. Test of this antiserum against Rauscher virus prior to injection showed it to be effective both in vitro and in vivo. At the same time, normal serum was shown to be without effect either against the CFU‐S or against the virus. Spleen CFU‐S were obtained from control and leukemic mice over a sequence of days following Rauscher virus injection and assayed by transplantation technique. Prior to transplantation these were incubated in vitro in either normal syngeneic serum or syngeneic antiserum. Incubation with antiserum had no effect on CFU‐S obtained from the spleens of normal mice. However, incubation in this antiserum of spleen CFU‐S from Rauscher leukemic mice resulted in a reduction of up to 50% in their colony‐forming ability. Additional tests with guinea pig complement suggested that the levels of inactivation seen are not complement limited. This antiserum‐induced reduction in colony formation was first evident in the second week after the injection of virus, coincident with the onset of splenomegaly in the leukemic mice. Thereafter, sensitivity of CFU‐S to the antiserum could be detected up to the terminal point of the leu

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing a methylcellulose cell culture technique, we studied the serial changes in erythropoietic precursors in the femur, spleen, and blood of mice under erythropoietic stimuli. Phenylhydrazine hydrochloride, in the dosage of 60 mg/kg, was injected into mice subcutaneously on days 0, 1, and 3, and mice were sacrificed on days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 10 for assessment of erythropoietic precursors. Significant changes were observed for all hemopoietic organs in the number of erythrocytic burst‐forming units (BFU‐E) and erythrocytic colony‐forming units (CFU‐E). Only BFU‐E were present in blood, and their maximal increase was noted on day 2. While marrow BFU‐E continuously decreased, maximal increase of CFU‐E noted on day 4. Splenic BFU‐E and CFU‐E increased until day 4 and declined subsequently. These observations suggest the presence of significant migration of BFU‐E in mice under erythropoietic stimuli and stress the importance of studies on all hemopoietic organs in the assessment of

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHyperimmune antisera to chromatographically purified hemoglobins F and A2, were produced in rabbits and made specific for the immunogen by adsorption with normal human hemoglobin A conjugated to cyanogen bromide‐activated agarose. A radioimmunoassay was established that permitted identification and quantitation of each of these two minor hemoglobins in hemolysates containing other hemoglobin components. The quantities of hemoglobins A2, and/or F present in hemolysates of individuals with β‐thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, Hb‐C disease, and other hematological disorders were determined immunochemically, and the results were compared to values obtained by microcolumn chromatography for the measurement of Hb‐A2or with the alkali denaturation technique in quantitating Hb‐F. The immunoassay procedure has a greater sensitivity than other commonly employed techniques and can detect as little as 0.05 μg of these

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830010411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY