ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903862

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903863

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903865

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In a developing country like India remote sensing technology should contribute directly towards the realization and implementation of development programmes in various areas of national importance. This paper highlights the two major areas of activity that have contributed significantly to the growth and acceptance of remote-sensing technology in India. They are the growth and progress of data-product generation and dissemination and the development of remote sensing utilization equipment and its commercialization. It outlines the reasons for India's successful commercialization of technology, including the initiatives taken by industry. This paper finds that the commercial prospects in the field of data products and utilization aids look promising and the investments made are showing healthy returns.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903866

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Over the past three decades satellite-based remote sensing has developed from experimental programmes to a user-oriented commercial industry. The current success and future of the industry are dependent on both the commercial perspective and the advanced technical capabilities as exemplified in the SPOT system. As the U.S.A. has the largest and most advanced user community in the world, the SPOT programmes, commercial experience and resultant industry trends seen in that country are indicative of, and setting the standards for, industry development in the rest of the world.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903867

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The establishment of fully commercial satellite remote-sensing data services does not look promising with the present very costly satellite programmes attempting to provide data to a very wide range of disparate users. An alternative approach using low rate reception stations and limited capability satellites, individually targeted at a specific and limited range of customers, is technically viable at significantly lower development and implementation costs. The much smaller investment needed, with returns from user systems as well as from data sales, would make the prospect much more attractive to private investment.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903868

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Image processing technology for remote sensing has benefited substantially by the increase in the power of microcomputers over the past five years. This paper uses the development of the CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australia) microBRIAN system as an example of how access to image processing methods can contribute to greater acceptance of remote sensing technology for resource management problem solving by non-specialist users. A survey commissioned by the microBRIAN developers has highlighted the need for greater access to the methods of remote sensing analysis, the fulfilment of which could greatly extend the user base and consequently the commercial viability of remote sensing as a general tool for environmental management. This access needs to identify both the applications for which remote sensing may be used and the processing techniques required for particular applications, as well as provide the operational requirements of accuracy indication and the integration of results with other sources and types of data.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903869

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Cet article traduit le point de vue de PAgence Spatiale Européene relatif à la commercialisation des applications de la télédétection réalisées par le satellite ERS-1. Ce point de vue repose sur Pexperience de l'ESA relative au système Météosat qui a été transporté sur Eumetsat, à son système Earthnet—une récente expérience sur Eurimage—et relative à l'étude de concurents tels que Landsat et SPOT. En ce qui conceme les applications à partir de données ERS, on étudie les differents créneaux du marché et, comme le système ERS est très different des ressources terrestres satellitaires existantes dans la mesure ou il est surtout conçu pour étudier les océans, les zones côtieres et glacières, on attend une demande de i'utilisateur dans des secteurs tels que l'industrie 'offshore', le transport maritime, la pêgche, la surveillance de la pollution marine et l'administration des zones. côtières. Les auteurs concluent que cette étape n'a pas encore été réalisée si on entend par commercialisation le recouvrement de tous les coûts effectués lors du developpement total du satellite, les frais de lancement et de fonctionnement. Neanmoins si l'on estime que cette commercialisation est un autre moyen d'utiliseṙ les fonds publics pour tenir compte de la demande du marché et de partager les risques avec le secteur privé, alors ies résultats de la commercialisation commencent déjà à porter leurs fruits.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903870

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Since the 1960s, the foreign trade association Sojuzkarta of the U.S.S.R. has been offering extensive products and services in the fields of remote sensing, geodesy and cartography, as well as training in the most up-to-date technology and techniques of these sciences. This paper describes the aid that has been offered to various and numerous socialist and developing countries in the geodetic study of their natural resources and in the production of thematic and topographic maps through remote sensing. It provides a detailed description of the remote sensing, geodetic and cartographic services provided and products available. It explains Sojuzkarta's wide range of activities, which includes training of personnel, consulting work and the export of equipment highlighting the Soviet achievements in the field of remote sensing, most notably its high resolution satellite imagery.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903871

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Satellite remote sensing is often presented as having future commercial potential, but this is rarely quantified. This paper analyses the factors that influence the supply and demand for data and the methods through which commercialization can be encouraged. Growth in commercialization requires that sufficient numbers of satellites are launched to maintain operations, that an open-skies policy is maintained and satellite instruments generate a balance between data continuity and innovative new data products. The demand for source data is extremely price-sensitive and growth in commercial applications is hindered by poor turnaround times for the delivery of processed data. A review of image sales and receiving station licence revenues has been undertaken for the SPOT and Landsat systems. Over the 1972-1985 period, sales have shown an upward trend, but with quarterly figures showing great variations related to product price increases. Averaging figures over three consecutive years reveals mean growth was 13·5 per cent per year. The global market for sales of Landsat and SPOT data in 1986 was about US$23 million. This does not include the turnover of the value-added industry, but this cannot be directly offset against investment in satellite development and operations programmes. The global value-added industry is estimated to be about US$110 million per year (turnover), around one-third of which is related to image processing and data handling systems sales. Several new technology developments have been identified that may contribute to step functions in the commercial demand for remotely-sensed data. It is recommended that the lead time for new instruments to be developed and launched should be shortened to encourage the development of commercially innovative instruments. The revenues from image sales and ground station licence fees represent only around 0·9-3·8 per cent of the annual global costs of the satellite system (construction costs, launch, operations, data processing, etc.). By the year 2000, assuming 20 per cent per annum market growth, the return would increase to somewhere in the range of 10-40 per cent. This is a significant increase in commercial return and should be positively encouraged. If the environment to promote commercialization is favourably maintained, past trends indicate that there will be an increasingly significant commercial future for remote sensing.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908903872

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor