ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904001

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

NOAA AVHRR satellite infra-red data are used to display the surface radiant temperature heat islands of Vancouver, British Columbia, Seattle, Washington, and Los Angeles, California. Heat island intensities are largest in the day-time and in the warm season. Day-time intra-urban thermal patterns are strongly correlated with land-use; industrial areas are warmest and vegetated, riverine or coastal areas are coolest. Nocturnal heat island intensities and the correlation of the surface radiant temperature distribution with land use are less. This is the reverse of the known characteristics of near-surface air temperature heat islands. Several questions relating to the interpretation and limitations of satellite data in heat island analysis and urban climate modelling are addressed.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904002

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Airborne multispectral scanner (MSS) digital data (3.8 m resolution) and MEIS II digital data (10 ;m resolution) have been used to investigate the effects of anomalous metal concentrations in the soil on the spectral reflectance of selected tree species. Analysis of on-site spectral measurements for 31 samples indicated that trees growing in soil with anomalously high concentrations of metals have higher reflectances at all wavelengths between 400 ;nm and 950 ;nm. However, statistical analysis of pixel values from individual airborne channels and some combinations/enhancements of channels revealed that detection of metal-stressed trees is generally not possible, except in some areas of glacio-lacustrine deposits.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904003

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Linear discriminant and profile analysis techniques have been applied using Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM) data. Two sites were selected representing geochemically anomalous and background vegetation areas of part of the Assynt district in north-west Scotland. Linear discriminant analysis reveals that the vegetation over a geochemically anomalous area is distinguishable from background vegetation in the reflected and thermal infrared bands of ATM data. The correlation of individual bands with the linear discriminant functions demonstrates that the ATM infrared bands 6 (0·695–0·75 µm) and 7 (0·76–0·90 µm) contribute most to the separation of stressed and background vegetation. Band 1 (0·42–0·45 µm), band 9 (1·55–1·75 µm) and band 11 (8·5–13·0 µm) contribute moderately to the discrimination of two types of vegetation groups, background and stressed vegetation respectively. Profile analysis for different levels of a defined geochemically anomalous area suggests that a statistically significant difference exists in the mean response of bands from anomalous and background areas. The discriminant function is used for the classification of anomalous and background vegetation areas. The pixels classified as being in the anomalous vegetation group are classified 83·6 per cent correctly and 16·4 per cent incorrectly, while the pixels in the background vegetation group are classified 93·2 per cent correctly and 6·8 per cent incorrectly.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904004

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Processed Landsat multispectral data were used to determine areas in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia, in which eggs were likely to have been laid by swarms of the Australian plague locust (Chortoicetes terminifera(Walker)), which invaded the region at the end of March 1987. A map was produced from the processed data with potential eggbed areas highlighted, which could be used for field survey purposes in the spring and summer when hatching started. The results showed that > 95 per cent of all nymphal band targets were in the areas defined by a normalized difference vegetation index as being those where vegetation growth had resulted from rain during March. Furthermore, a maximum-likelihood classification using a known eggbed location as a training area, produced an excellent correlation with locusts hatching in September/October 1987. The results are discussed in relation to the future operational use of such techniques by the Australian Plague Locust Commission.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904005

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An assessment of the operational cartographic capability of SPOT in Indonesia is presented from the points of view of (1) the size of the smallest distinguishable land cover units through computation of the percentages of pure pixels per unit and dominant unit per pixel and (2) planimetric accuracy. Generally speaking, units larger than 0.16 and 0.05ha can be distinguished with SPOT multispectral (XS) and panchromatic (P) data respectively. For full images, basic manipulations (bilinear transformation or shift, enlargement and rotation) of level-IB SPOT digital data and photographs provide standard deviation accuracies towards local Transverse Mercator (LTM) maps of 2 and 3 pixels, respectively. Due to the poor reliability of most LTM maps, SPOT should undoubtedly be used as a major cartographic data source in Indonesia.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904006

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The launching of the Satellite Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) has permitted the acquisition of images with a relatively fine ground resolution (10 and 20 m). Such improvement has brought forward the possibility of medium-scale mapping using such data. In this paper we are proposing an automatic approach to 1:50000 scale planimetric data revision using the panchromatic channel of SPOT imagery (10m of ground resolution). A software package has been developed that performs an automatic map-guided extraction of objects from the SPOT image for map revision purposes. The programs are fully described along with some conclusive results through the updating of the road network on a topographic map. An attempt has been made to give a preview of how such a map-guided approach can be extended to other linear features and possibly two-dimensional objects as well.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904007

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Euclidean distance classification of SPOT panchromatic data was used to delineate ephemeral, fluvial networks on low-relief, alluvial fan surfaces in an arid basin in the southwestern United States. The SPOT classified channel network was registered to a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection and compared to areas of channelized flow and a Strahler-ordered channel network extracted from U.S. Geological Survey 7½ minute topographic maps and black-and-white aerial photographs. One-pixel and two-pixel proximity searches of the SPOT classified image correctly classified over 80 per cent of the areas of channelized flow, 77 per cent of the second order and greater channel network, and 98 per cent of the fourth order and greater channel network. The SPOT channel network was simplified by elimination of lower-order channel segments to produce a network closely resembling (in terms of number of channel segments and total channel length) a network created for hydrological modelling from topographic maps. This suggests that SPOT panchromatic data can be used to delineate fluvial network for hydrological investigations in similar physiographic settings without existing topographic map or aerial photographic coverage.

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904008

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904009

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0143-1161    

DOI:10.1080/01431168908904010

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor