摘要:

The purpose of this study was to find out what effects electronics have on the operating characteristics of household appliances, and to analyse the differences' in attitudes towards these between male and female groups. The study method used was an expert inquiry. The experts represented different fields involved with household appliances.Nearly all the respondents agreed that the use of electronics in household appliances is likely to increase. Men took a much more positive attitude toward the prospect of using more electronics than women and were additionally more willing to choose an electronic model than an electromechanical one. Men considered that electronics allowed the development of more versatile, changeable and automatic appliances; while women were more likely to value safety, reliability and ease of operation.Results indicate that electronic appliances do not comply with all user demands today and most users need more and more advice in buying and using modern appliances.

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1989.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Consumers' and managers' perceived images of three discount department stores and a hypothetical ideal discount store were compared in this study. Results indicate that managers and consumers possess significantly different overall impressions of each store. Significant differences were also identified between the ideal amount of each attribute and the amount offered by the retailer.

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1989.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was designed to assess the nature and extent of consumer satisfaction of retirees at two stages of retirement: Stage I, age 60–69; Stage age 70 and above. This cross‐sectional mail survey study contained 196 retiree households selected at random, representing retirees who had been retired for at least 1 year and were 60 years of age or older. Results indicate that retirees are in fact a heterogeneous group of consumers who are generally self‐reliant, with varying consumer problems and varying reasons for those problems. Results of this study, collectively, lend support to the notion that age alone is not an appropriate way of studying consumer concerns of retirees. Additionally, retirees' stage of retirement has no significant relationship to the person responsible for the weekly household shopping. Finally, reasons for consumer dissatisfaction are not related to the weekly household sh

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1989.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Samples of yogurt produced by local creameries were purchased and analysed for potassium and sodium using flame photometry. Calcium was estimated for by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry because of interference from phosphates. The level of these ions was found to be significantly different from existing documented concentrations

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1989.tb00011.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Purposes of this exploratory study were: (i) to determine retailers' views toward imported apparel, (ii) to gain insight into retailers' reasons for carrying imported apparel, and (iii) to examine variables associated with relative proportions of imported apparel carried in stock. Interviewers surveyed 191 retailers in the eastern U.S.A., using a structured telephone interview. Data analysis included chi‐square tests of association and frequency distributions. The proportion of stock retailers reported to be imported was cross‐tabulated with a number of variables. Results gave insight into retailers' reasons for carrying imported apparel, although a majority appeared to favour domestic apparel; results also indicated some of the problems associated with carrying foreign‐made goods. Results can be useful to manufacturers in their efforts to counter retailers' trend to carry increasing quantities of imported apparel and to educators preparing graduates for employment in this sensitive s

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1989.tb00012.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Consumer satisfaction/dissatisfaction with apparel products was compared among several European nations. The issues of complaint behaviour and the extent to which dissatisfied consumers took action were also studied. The data examined were from nine member nations of the Commission of the European Communities. The sample size was 9,153 respondents. Overall, respondents expressed satisfaction with apparel products; however, a minority of respondents in each country expressed dissatisfaction with such products. Chi‐square tests of homogeneity determined relationships between countries and satisfaction/dissatisfaction with apparel. Differences in satisfaction/dissatisfaction among countries were found to be statistically significant. Moreover, whether consumers complained when dissatisfied and the type of complaining behaviour was found to vary significantly by countr

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1989.tb00013.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During the 1980s the world market in textile and apparel products has become increasingly internationalized. Retailers in Western Europe and North America import goods from around the world, often at the expense of domestic manufacturers. In an effort to encourage consumers to buy locally manufactured products, associations in several countries have tried to change consumer attitudes toward domestically produced textiles and apparel.The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between consumer attitude and consumer behaviour in an apparel purchase. Intercept surveys were conducted with 3,766 consumers in nine locations in the eastern U.S.A. Consumers were questioned about their attitudes toward domestic versus imported clothing and their awareness of the country of origin of their purchase. Reasons for purchase and demographic information were also collected. Some differences between variables were found related to sex, age and geographic location. While it was evident that a large proportion of the consumers sampled said they cared whether the clothing they purchased was domestically produced or imported, a far smaller proportion was aware of the country of origin of the garment just purchased. Therefore, a consistent link between consumers' professed attitudes and their buying behaviour could not be established.Summary and conclusionsThe consistency of consumer attitudes with consumer behaviour was assessed for a sample of U.S.A. apparel purchasers. Respondents in the eastern U.S.A. were asked about their awareness of and concern with their garment's place of production. Although some differences were found related to sex, age and geographic location, the lack of consistency between attitudes and behaviour was a common phenomenon. Of the total sample, only 20% professed both concern and awareness of their garment's country of origin. In contrast, 60% knew of the ‘Crafted with Pride’ campaign, 44% expressed concern for place of production, and 28% said they knew where the garment just acquired had been manufactured.These relatively low percentages may be due in part to the demographics of the consumers surveyed. This study included a high proportion of females, young and middle‐age shoppers. This sample composition is consistent with other research citing these groups as the most frequent apparel purchasers. The results of this study indicate that the oldest age groups and male shoppers are most likely to be aware and concerned. This suggests that those wanting to change attitudes and/or behaviour need to target the groups most likely to be spending on apparel, females, young and middle‐age groups. These consumers appear to be the least motivated by patriotic appeals or to base purchase decisions on cues such as country of origin.People from the south, who were more likely to be directly affected by the textile industry, generally were more aware, expressed a higher level of concern, and were more likely to know of the ‘Crafted with Pride’ campaign. Since the south has not been selectively targeted by the ‘Crafted with Pride’ Council, it is very possible that the demographics and personal link of southerners to the apparel and textile industries may be more influential than the Council's media campaign.While it is true that concern, awareness, and knowledge of the campaign are highly correlated, what has not been determined is the causal relationship between these three variables. Does knowledge of the campaign cause one to care more and therefore be more likely to be aware? Or does caring make consumers more susceptible to patriotic appeals and more likely to say they are aware when they really may not be? It has been determined that people who are aware are more likely to care and know of the campaign; it has not been determined that people with knowledge of the campaign will be more aware and therefore guided in their purchase decisions.The intense media campaign by the ‘Crafted with Pride’ Council suggests that the level of concern for domestic clothing production may be influenced by the level of marketing effort. However, the Council's expected behavioural effect of raising the number of potential clothing buyers who actively seek out and purchase American‐made apparel was not displayed by respondents in this study. Since it is consumers who ultimately make the final purchase decision, industry representatives and legislators should examine more closely the link between attitudes and action before making production and public policy decisions that will have significant economic effects on

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1989.tb00014.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Most research on consumer behaviour is concerned with adult behaviour, because the purchasing power of a household lies predominantly with the adults. However, children do undertake the management of a certain amount of money at early ages, and the importance of children, obviously an integral part of the family, in overall family consumption has been increasing gradually. In order to help children become ‘conscious’ consumers, it would be most useful to treat them separately for the purpose of defining consumer behaviour.In this research, using a population of 300 pupils, in the age groups of 8–9 years and 11–12 years, from six primary schools of different socio‐economic levels, the consumption behaviour, behavioural forms of purchase and factors influencing such purchase forms of purchase forms of children have bee

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1989.tb00015.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examines the relationship between the perceived success of farm men in the father role and (i) frequency of work with their children and (ii) perceived conflicts over work. Data were collected by mail survey from 124 men employed in farm work. This study concludes that fathers who think themselves successful in the father role are likely to have less conflict with their children about work. The age, education and income of the father do not contribute significantly to father‐child conflict about wor

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1989.tb00016.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY