ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677069109167432

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Antibodies to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) recognize 27 of 302 neurons and several non-neuronal cells in adult hermaphrodites of the soil nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansand can be used to label these cells for cytological analysis in whole animals. The antibodies bind to the anterior members, but not to the posterior members of a set of mechanosensory neurons in wild type animals. Binding to one of the posterior mechanosensory neurons (PVM) occurs when this neuron migrates to an abnormal anterior position inmab-5mutant animals, suggesting that expression of the epitope recognized by these antibodies is position dependent or thatmab-5mutations transform PVM into AVM intrinsically. The antibodies were used to characterize morphologies of two pairs of lumbar neurons (PHC and PVN) in uncoordinated mutants representing 95uncgenes. PHC and PVN morphologies were normal in most of theuncmutants examined, however, in mutants of 9uncgenes (unc-6, unc-13, unc-33, unc-44, unc-51, unc-61, unc-71, unc-73, andunc-98), misdirected PHC and/or PVN processes were observed at a high frequency. The morphologies of 2 other lumbar neurons, PHA and PHB, were determined previously in these mutants (Hedgecock et al., 1985). Mutations in most, but not all of these 9uncgenes affect the growth of the embryonic lumbar neurons PHA and PHB differently than they affect the growth of the postembryonic lumbar neurons PHC and PVN, indicating that these neurons require different, but overlapping sets of genes for different stages of normal growth and guidance.

ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677069109167433

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In theDrosophilacompound eye, the photoreceptor cells are organized in highly precise units, the ommatidia. In each photoreceptor cell, the primary photopigment, opsin, is contained in the rhabdomere, an ordered array of densely packed microvilli. A genetic and phenotypic analysis of a new X-linked, P element-induced mutation,fur, (fused rhabdomeres) is presented. Light and electron microscope studies show that mutations at thefurlocus result in the fusion of the adjacent rhabdomeres in the developing eye and the fusion takes place during the pupal stage of eye development. Electrophysiological experiments indicate that thefurmutant photoreceptors have reduced sensitivity to light and lack a PDA (prolonged depolarizing afterpotential), a response characteristic of normal photoreceptor cells. Recombination and deficiency mapping localizefurto the proximal region of the X chromosome. Reversion analysis indicates thefurmutant is the result of a P element insertion. These studies suggest that thefurlocus encodes a gene that has specific roles in rhabdomere morphogenesis and retinal function.

ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677069109167434

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Ion channel transcripts from three genes were localized by the method of tissue in situ hybridization. The genes examined were theDrosophilaNa+channel genes,paralytic (para)andDrosophila Sodium Channel (DSC), and the K+channel gene,Shaker (Sh). All three of the genes were expressed in cell bodies of the fly central nervous system, including optic lobes, central brain, suboesophageal ganglion, and thoracicoabdominal ganglion.Shwas additionally expressed in the photoreceptor cells of the retina and pupal flight muscle, whileparaandDSCwere not. The temporal expression pattern ofShin muscle was different from that in the central nervous system: muscle expression was transient and limited to mid-pupal stage while nervous system expression was observed throughout pupation, apparently peaking at the late-pupal stage. Only one class of 5′end was found in pupal muscle, possibly indicating regulation of splicing pathways.

ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677069109167435

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The neurogenic genes ofDrosophila melanogasterare required for correct separation of neural and epidermal progenitor cells during early embryogenesis. Results from genetic analyses indicate that the neurogenic genes are functionally related. We have studied the spatial distribution of RNA from the neurogenic genesD1, neu, andm4, m5, m7andE(spl)[four genes of theEnhancer of splitcomplex] in various neurogenic mutant embryos by in situ hybridization. An abnormal distribution of RNA from certain of the genes is found in neurogenic mutants, suggesting that at least some of the functional interactions inferred from genetic data take place at the transcriptional level. We discuss these results in relation to the events of early neurogenesis.

ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677069109167436

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Drosophila melanogasterfemales expressing the homoeotic mutation,spineless-aristapedia (SSa), were tested for their ability to hear the song of courting males. Since courtship song increases a females' receptivity to copulation, the frequency of mating within a short observation period was used as a measure of the ability of mutant females to distinguish between singing males and males that were unable to sing. These results show thatSSafemales, although lacking aristae, could distinguish between the two types of males in that they mated more readily with males that sang. Furthermore, the homoeotic legs ofSSafemales are not required to be present for the detection of courtship song, since females whose homoeotic legs were removed could still distinguish between singing and non-singing males.

ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677069109167437

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor