ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA recent survey sent to 500 environmental consulting firms across the United States has helped document specific promotional vehicles used within the environmental consulting industry, as well as highlighted a wide spectrum of attitudes toward adopting a formalized marketing function within a technically oriented firm. The population of study, from which a 22 percent response rate was received, consisted of scientific, engineering, and combination firms providing hydrogeologic, environmental assessment, natural resource, and hazardous waste management services. The study, conducted for a master's thesis in business administration, was supported in part by Hofstra University of Hempstead, New York.The study indicated that consultants' resistance toward professional services marketing was directly proportional to the amount of referral work they received; that environmental consultants promote themselves significantly more often through commercial rather than non‐commercial vehicles; and that scientific firms were significantly more resistant to adopting a marketing function than engineering or combination scientific/engineering firm

ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study designed to evaluate ground water quality changes resulting from spreading oil‐field brine on roads for ice and dust control was conducted using a gravel roadbed that received weekly applications of brine eight times during the winter phase and 11 times during the summer phase of the study. A network of 11 monitoring wells and five pressure‐vacuum lysimeters was installed to obtain ground water and soil water samples. Thirteen sets of water‐ quality samples were collected and analyzed for major ions, trace metals, and volatile organic compounds. Two sets of samples were taken prior to brine spreading, four sets during winter‐phase spreading, five sets during summer‐ phase spreading, and two sets during the interim between the winter and summer phases. A brine plume delineated by elevated specific‐conductance values and elevated chloride concentrations developed downgradient of the roadbed during both the winter and summer phases. The brine plume caused chloride concentrations in ground water samples to exceed U.S. EPA public drinking‐water standards by two‐fold during the winter phase and five‐fold during the summer phase. No other major ions, trace metals, or volatile organic compounds exceeded the standards during the winter or summer phases. More than 99 percent dilution of the solutes in the brine occurred between the roadbed surface and the local ground water flow system. Further attenuation of calcium, sodium, potassium, and strontium resulted from adsorption, whereas further attenuation of benzene resulted from volatilizati

ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChlorine‐36 has been produced in large amounts by hundreds of nuclear explosions on the Nevada Test Site as well as 12 off‐site explosions at eight locations in five states. Continued monitoring of the redistribution of radionuclides by subsurface water is of concern in most of the areas affected by the detonations. Chlorine‐36 has the following advantages as a built‐in tracer for this redistribution: its mobility is equal to or greater than water, its long half‐life assures its continued usefulness over long periods, collection and storage of samples is simple, it is not subject to vapor transport at ordinary temperatures, its natural background is very low, and it does not form insoluble precipitates. Chlorine‐36 from the Gnome event near Carlsbad, New Mexico, illustrates how36C1 can be used to help study the redistribution of radionuclides in the soil profile. Chlorine‐36 is also potentially useful as a tracer to study movement of contaminants around large nuclear reactor complexes and near respositories for radi

ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper summarizes a study to estimate the potential for dry‐well drainage of urban runoff to recharge and pollute ground water in Tucson, Arizona. We selected three candidate dry wells for study. At each site we collected samples of runoff, dry‐well sediment, vadose‐zone sediment, perched ground water, and ground water. Water content data from vadose‐zone samples suggest that dry‐well drainage has created a transmission zone for water movement at each site. Volatile organic compounds, while undetected in runoff samples, were present in dry‐well sediment, perched ground water at one site, and ground water at two sites. The concentrations of volatile organics (toluene and ethylbenzene) in the water samples were less than the corresponding EPA human health criteria. Pesticides were detected only in runoff and dry‐well sediment. Lead and chromium occurred in runoff samples at concentrations above drinking water standards. Nickel, chromium, and zinc concentrations were elevated in vadose‐zone samples at the commercial site. Of the metals, only manganese, detected at the residential site, exceeded Secondary Drinking Water Standards in ground water. It is concluded that the three dry wells examined during this study are currently not a major source of ground

ISSN:1069-3629    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1990.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY