摘要:

The plasticizers di-n-butylphthalate (DBP), butylbenzylphthalate (BBP), di-2-(ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and di-2-(ethylhexyl)adipate (DEHA) were analysed in 29 total diet samples, in 11 samples of baby food and in 11 samples of infant formulae. In all of the total diet samples the presence of one or more of the plasticizers was demonstrated. Maximum and minimum mean concentrations in the total diet samples were: 0.09-0.19mg DBP/kg, 0.017-0.019mg BBP/kg, 0.11-0.18mg DEHP/kg and 0.13-0.14mg DEHA/kg. One or more of the phthalates was also found in about 50% of the samples of baby food as well as in infant formulae. The calculated mean maximum intakes of the individual compounds from the total diet samples were below 10% of the restrictions proposed by the EU Scientific Committee for Food (SCF), and the spread in individual intakes was considerable. DEHP was the plasticizer determined most frequently and contributed the highest fraction of its tolerable daily intake (TDI). Hence, the maximum calculated intake of DEHP from single samples of the foodstuffs analysed could be up to one-third of the TDI. The calculated mean intake of DEHA was about 1% of the TDI with a maximum value of 13% of the TDI. Violations of the restrictions proposed by the EU Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) in the form of TDI values or specific migration limits were not found in this investigation.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300283487

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Br concentration in bread for baked bread products was shown to be linearly proportional to the amount of Br added per kg of flour used to make the product. Br concentration in bread can be used to help identify those bread products with the greatest likelihood of containing bromate residues. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used to determine Br in test portions of bread products from commercial bakeries, homemade bread, flour, and unbaked dough. High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the bromate residue in selected test portions.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300283496

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In an overall evaluation of the situation published by IARC in 1993, beryllium and beryllium compounds are identified as carcinogens to humans. This prompted the initiation of this study on beryllium which reviews the situation up to 1998 on the aspects: properties and applications, toxicity, analytical procedures for food and drinking water, reference materials, occurrence in food and drinking water and estimates of daily dietary exposure. Special emphasis is put on analytical aspects and levels of beryllium in food and drinking water.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300283504

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The fungus Fusarium verticillioides has been found on corn and sorghum, so it is possible that one or more of these toxins may be found in corn products such as breakfast cereals and syrup prepared from sorghum. Published methods when applied to syrups spiked with fumonisins gave low recoveries, less than 50%. A method was therefore developed which would be applicable to the syrup and breakfast cereals as well. Test samples were extracted with methanol-0.1M sodium phosphate buffer (pH3) (1 + 1). The extract was diluted with water and applied to a 1g C18column. The column was washed with acetonitrile-water (2 + 8). Fumonisin B1(FB1) was eluted with acetonitrile- trifluoroacetic acid (1000 + 1). The purified extract was evaporated and the toxin was derivatized with ophthaldialdehyde mercaptoethanol. The reaction mixture was resolved on a C18liquid chromatographic column using acetonitrile-water-acetic acid (500 + 550 + 10.5) as the mobile phase at 37oC, and FB1measured with a fluorescence detector (excitation 335nm, emission 440nm). Recoveries of FB1added to samples of sorghum syrup at levels ranging from 0.1 to 1.0mug/g were 94-132%. Recoveries of FB1added to samples of breakfast cereal (corn flakes) at levels ranging from 0.2 to 1.6mug/g were 96-100%. The method was applied to the analysis of 35 samples of sorghum syrup collected from 15 states in the US. One sample was found to contain FB1at 0.12mug/g. A total of 32 samples of breakfast cereals collected by the Food and Drug Administration inspectors from grocery stores around the Kansas City area were analysed; no FB1was found in the breakfast cereals (< 0.01mug/g). Results of this study indicated that FB1possibly is not a problem in sorghum syrup and corn-based breakfast cereals in the US.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300283513

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The transfer of ochratoxin A from the blood to the milk of lactating rabbit does and subsequently the exposure of their sucklings to the mycotoxin were investigated. An effective transfer of ochratoxin A from blood to milk was shown in lactating rabbit does fed a naturally-contaminated diet (10-20g/kg of body weight/day) throughout a lactation period of 19 days. The ochra-toxin A concentrations in plasma and in milk did not significantly change throughout the lactation period with a mean milk/plasma concentration ratio of 0.015. These variables were however significantly correlated (p < 0.05), as were the ingested amounts and milk concentrations. At slaughter, the highest concentration of ochratoxin A accumulated in the body of the rabbit does were found in kidney (1.2 g/kg) followed by liver (158ng/kg), mammary gland (105ng/kg) and muscle (38 ng/kg). A linear relationship was found between the ochratoxin A concentrations in milk and in the plasma of the sucklings, indicating an effective transfer of the toxin to the sucklings. If the same is true in humans, the exposure of the breast-fed infant to the toxin, which has been largely reported in the literature, should be a major matter of concern for human health.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300283522

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor