摘要:

Sorbic acid (E200) and its salts (potassium and calcium sorbate: E202 and E203) are allowed for use as preservatives in numerous processed foods. Sorbic acid had a conjugated system of double bonds which makes it susceptible to nucleophilic attack, sometimes giving mutagenic products. Under conditions typical of food processing (50-80°C), we analysed the cyclic derivatives resulting from a double addition reaction between sorbic acid and various amines. Mutagenesis studies, involving Ames' test and genotoxicity studies with HeLa cells and plasmid DNA, showed that none of the products studied presented either mutagenic or genotoxic activities.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300750038063

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A survey of the level of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in soy sauces and similar products available in the UK is reported. The survey was carried out by the Joint Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food/Department of Health Food Safety and Standards Group (JFSSG) to check for compliance with the Food Advisory Committee's (FAC) recommended limit for 3-MCPD of 0.01mg/kg following reports that soy sauces in several European countries had been found to contain high levels (up to 124mg/kg) of 3-MCPD. Forty samples of soy sauce and similar products purchased from retail outlets were analysed using a GC-MS procedure which had been formally validated by an earlier collaborative trial. 3-MCPD was undetectable in 21 (52%) of samples analysed in the survey, with a further five samples containing very low levels of between 0.01 and 0.02mg/kg. Five samples (13%) contained 3-MCPD at levels in the range 0.020-1mg/kg while nine samples (23%) were found to contain 3-MCPD at levels greater than 1mg/kg, with the highest level being 30.5mg/kg.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300750038072

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Four different techniques for the extraction of veterinary drugs were compared. The use of a high speed mixer/emulsifier, an ultrasonic bath, a Stomacher and an end-over-end mixer were used to extract both incurred and fortified residues of chlortetracycline, sulphadiazine and flumequine from chicken muscle. For each drug, similar analytical recoveries from fortified muscle samples were obtained using each of the extraction techniques. However, for each analyte the highest drug concentration detected in incurred samples was obtained following preparation using a mixer/ emulsifier extraction. Residue concentrations obtained using sonication, Stomacher or end-over-end mixer procedures were as low as 20% of those obtained using the mixer/emulsifier. This highlights the need to measure both incurred and spiked samples during method validation. A survey of published methods indicated that 75% of laboratories use some form of high-speed homogenization for the extraction of drug residues from tissue. However only 52% reported detection of incurred residues. More than two-thirds of methods that used other forms of extraction did not measure incurred residues. The use of such methods has implications for the statutory detection of veterinary drug residues.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300750038081

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Solid-phase microextraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography has been studied for the analysis of methiocarb, napropamide, fenoxycarb and bupirimate in strawberries. The strawberries were blended and centrifuged. Then, an aliquot of the resulting extracting solution was subjected to solidphase microextraction (SPME) on a 60 μm polydimethylsiloxane /divinylbenzen e (PDMS/DVB) fibre for 45 min at room temperature. The extracted pesticides on the SPME fibre were desorbed into SPME/ high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) interface for HPLC analysis with diode-array detection (DAD). The method is organic solvent-free for the whole extraction process and is simple and easy to manipulate. The detection limits were shown to be at low μg kg−1level and the linear response covered the range from 0.05 to 2 mg kg−1of pesticides in strawberries with a regression coefficient larger than 0.99. A good repeatability with RSDs between 2.92 and 9.25% was obtained, depending on compounds.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300750038090

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Estimation of the dietary exposure of French consumers to 10 pesticides (omethoate, oxydemeton, phosalon, phosphamidon, triazophos, dicofol (op′+pp′), parathion ethyl, dichlorvos, procymidon and vinchlozolin), three heavy metals (lead, cadmium and arsenic) and three radionuclides (134caesium,137caesium and131iodine) from collected duplicate portion in mass catering establishments in 1998/1999 are reported, and compared with those from previous French studies as well as those from other countries. Dietary exposure estimates appear to be reassuring, in that Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) estimates are generally low, representing at maximum only 4% of the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for pesticide residues and 28% of the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) for heavy metals. Moreover, none of the three radionuclides has been found in duplicate meals. When comparisons are possible, estimated dietary exposures for heavy metals are lower than those from previous French studies and similar or above those from other countries.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300750038108

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A liquid chromatographi c method described by us elsewhere was evaluated for a long-term survey of patulin in apple juice concentrates. Patulin was separated on a reversed phase C18 LC column with water-acetonitrile (99:1) as the mobile phase and quantitated with a photodiode array (PDA) detector. Relatively low amounts of patulin (< 5 μg/l for single strength juice at 11.2° 8Bx) were detected in apple juice concentrates and confirmed by PDA detector, comparing the corresponding UV spectra with that of patulin standard. Four hundred and eighty two apple juice concentrates produced through 1996-99 were analysed for their patulin contents. Year-to-year variations in patulin levels of apple juice concentrates were found out to be statistically significant. Patulin contamination levels of apple juice concentrates tended to decrease through the years and averaged 63, 43, 19 and 31 μg/l in 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively. Percentages of concentrates exceeding the maximum permitted concentration of 50 μg/ l were 52%, 34%, 8% and 8% for 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300750038117

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) is used as an additive or starting agent in coatings for cans. The presence of hydrochloric acid in the organosol (PVC-based) lacquers results in formation of chlorohydroxy compounds of BADGE. These compounds, as well as BADGE itself, are potential migrants into the preserved food and are of toxicological concern. In the present investigation the presence of BADGE and the chlorohydroxy compounds (BADGE.HCl and BADGE.2HCl) in various kinds of canned foods from 30 brands have been determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. BADGE was found in levels up to 5.1mg/kg in the food and only in food from cans containing BADGE.HCl and BADGE.2HCl in the lacquers. BADGE was found both in fish in oil and in fish in tomato sauce, however, the highest amounts were found in the fatty foodstuffs. BADGE.HCl and BADGE.2HCl were found in concentrations up to 2.4mg/kg and 8.3mg/kg, respectively. Unlike BADGE, BADGE.2HCl was found in similar concentrations in fish in oil and in fish in tomato sauce. In aqueous and acidic foodstuffs BADGE readily hydrolyses into mono- and dihydrolysed products (BADGE.H2O and BADGE.2H2O). In this study BADGE.H2O was not found in any food sample, whereas BADGE.2H2O was found in levels up to 2.6mg/kg. The Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) of the European Commission has proposed that a limit of restriction of 1mg/kg food shall include BADGE itself and BADGE.H2O, BADGE.HCl, BADGE.2HCl and BADGE.HCL.H2O. The present results indicate that the migration of BADGE.HCl and BADGE.2HCl, compounds with almost no data on toxicity, implies a greater problem than BADGE.H2O and BADGE.2H2O.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/026520300750038126

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/713810592

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor