ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385815

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Broiler chickens were raised on commercial wood shavings containing 134 p.p.m. pentachlorophenol and on control litter consisting of corn‐cob chips. Initial analysis of the wood‐shaving litter showed the presence of hepta‐, octa‐ and nonachlorinated diphenyl ethers, octa‐ and nonachlorinated 2‐phenoxyphenols, and hepta‐ and octachlorinated dibenzodioxins. Analysis of liver, fat, and muscle tissue after nine weeks indicated the assimilation of these compounds with pentachlorophenol being present in the highest concentration. Chlorinated diphenyl ethers were detectable only in fat, while octa‐ and nonachlorinated 2‐phenoxyphenols were found in all three tissues examined. While liver and fat contained hepta‐ and octachlorinated dibenzodioxins, no hexachlorinated congener was detected nor were significant amounts of dioxin found in muscle tissue. Although gross pathological examination of the birds did not indicate abnormalities, a mixed type of hepatic enzyme induction was observed in those birds raised on wood shavings.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385816

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The apparent totalN‐nitroso content of foods can be measured by a procedure based on chemical denitrosation and chemiluminescent detection of the eliminated nitric oxide. Procedures have been established which substantially reduce the ‘apparatus blank’ response to the denitrosating agent and allow total nitroso contents down to 10μg(N‐NO)/kg to be measured reproducibly on a 1‐g sample. Typically, duplicate analyses of samples containing 10–1000 μg (N‐NO)/kg differ by <15% of their mean. Potentially the method can be subject to some interference from compounds other thanN‐nitroso compounds, but at least in some commodities these interfering compounds do not exist in measurable amounts.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385817

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Broiler chickens were fed on a commercial diet containing 0·0125% clopidol for 34 days. They were killed 0–10 days after withdrawal of the premedicated feed and clopidol was determined in liver and muscle samples by a sensitive gas‐liquid chromatography (g.l.c.) method. During the first two post‐withdrawal days the clopidol concentration in the liver decreased rapidly from 7 to 0·5 mg/kg and the level in muscle declined from 3 to 0·1 mg/kg. There was little decline in the clopidol concentrations from days 2 to 10, the levels during this period being 0·2–0·8 mg/kg in liver and 0·05–0·2 mg/kg in muscle.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385818

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A UK survey for the occurrence of aflatoxin M1in bulked dried milks (totalling 277 samples) obtained at monthly intervals from a number of commercial creameries in the UK over a two‐year period (1981–1983), showed 98% of the samples to have levels below 0.03 μg/kg. For liquid milks sampled from individual farms over the same period (totalling 409 samples), 94% of the samples had aflatoxin M1levels below 0.01 μg/kg. All samples were initially screened by a two‐dimensional thin layer chromatographic method and quantification of positive results was by reverse phase h.p.l.c. with fluorescence detection. The results of this survey show that UK milk is largely free of aflatoxin M1contamination, the incidence and levels, where observed, being significantly lower than for other European countries, which demonstrates the effectiveness of UK legislative action controlling feedstuff contamination.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385819

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Amethod is described for the sample clean‐up and estimation of nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro‐PAH) in foods. The analysis involves the novel use of a coupled capillary gas chromatograph/thermal energy analyser and provides a detection limit for 1‐nitropyrene of 12 pg (equivalent to 0·02 μg/kg for a 50‐g sample). Only 3 out of 24 samples contained detectable quantities of nitro‐PAHs; these were in the range 0·2–2·0 μg/kg. In contrast to the widespread occurrence of the parent PAHs in foodstuffs, the presence of nitro‐derivatives appears to be minimal.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385820

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Chemical methods of analysis for the extraction, clean‐up and determination of aflatoxins from animal feedingstuffs and foods are described. The advantages and disadvantages of thin layer chromatography (t.l.c.) and high pressure liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.) are discussed along with newer techniques such as immunoassay. Methods for other mycotoxins such as ochratoxin, patulin, and the trichothecenes are also included. Problems encountered during collaborative testing of these methods limit the reproducibility that can be achieved.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385821

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The diet and cigarette smoking are the main sources of cadmium intake in people not occupationally exposed to cadmium. Using data gathered from the literature, it is shown that there is a statistically significant relationship between the average cadmium intake in various countries and the average kidney cadmium concentration in 40–60 year old people living in those countries. It is estimated that a regular dietary intake of cadmium of 175 μg/day would cause the concentration of cadmium in the renal cortex to reach the critical level in 50 years.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385822

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Considerable variations in specific migration measurements are often observed when comparing results from different laboratories on apparently identical plastic/additive/liquid systems. In order to determine the influence of the various factors on reproducibility and repeatability in specific migration tests, and to develop an appropriate methodology, a collaborative study was undertaken with the participation of nine laboratories from the member countries of the EEC.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385823

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The uterotropic effect of ß‐HCH was assessed in juvenile female mice and rats. A dose of 50 mg/kg feed over five days gave a significant increase in the uterine weight. The potency of ß‐HCH compared to 17α‐ethynyloestradiol was about 20 × 10−6. Based on these and other as yet unpublished observations, it is concluded that ß‐HCH has oestrogenic features.

ISSN:0265-203X    

DOI:10.1080/02652038409385824

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor