摘要:

In this retrospective study demographic and clinical characteristics, personality traits, family psychiatric history and response to treatment were compared in 55 delusional and 40 nondelusional hospitalized patients who met DSM-III criteria for major depression. Male delusional depressives had a greater frequency of delusional ideas at the index episode than female delusionals. Delusional depressives had a greater frequency of family history for alcoholism, a smaller frequency of previous depressive episodes and tended to respond more favorably to treatment with electroconvulsive therapy or tricyclic antidepressants combined with neuroleptics than to antidepressants alone. The findings and the implications arising from them are discussed.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284441

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Chronic schizophrenic patients with first- or second-degree schizophrenic relatives were evaluated for memory function. Wechsler memory scale scores were significantly correlated between index cases and relatives (r = 0.56, p < 0.05), suggesting that poor memory function in schizophrenia may represent a familial subtype.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284442

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The psychological characteristics of 21 patients suffering from chronic anal pain were studied. They underwent a clinical interview and completed the Eysenck personality questionnaire, the Zung self-rating depression scale and an analogue scale for the assessment of perceived pain. Data derived from the self-rating scales were compared with those obtained from a matched control group afflicted with fissure-in-ano. The pain patients reported higher scores for neuroticism, psychoticism, depression and perceived pain than the controls. Fifty percent of the experimental group had suffered prior to the onset of pain from depressive disturbances, and 11 subjects reported at the clinical interview somatic symptoms which usually accompany depression. These results support the hypothesis that the pain symptom in some patients with chronic anal pain could represent the manifestation of an underlying depressive disturbance.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284443

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A structured interview (PODI) for the polydiagnostic evalutation of affective and schizophrenic disorders is presented. The interview includes elements of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III (SCID) and of the Present State Examination (PSE). The central idea of this interview is to break down complex criteria into their elements, to assess a wide area of such elements, and to recombine them by a computer program according to different algorithms that are included in a greater number of operational diagnoses. Reliability data will be presented which show sufficiently high kappa and Yule coefficients for a selected set of diagnostic criteria for depressive, manic and psychotic disorders. The applicability of the PODI was established in about 180 interviews.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284444

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In this study, the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and 2 rating scales, the ‘Echelle d’Evaluation de Risque Suicidaire’ and the Pierce modified form of the Suicide Intent Scale, were administered to a group of 37 subjects admitted to the general hospital of Padua for suicide attempts. The purpose of our study was to verify if these tools could be considered useful in assessing the severity of the attempts. 10 subjects were DST-positive, but the test evidenced very low sensitivity and predictive value. The 2 rating scales demonstrated a good degree of concordance in identifying the adjustment disorder group as being at a lower risk for a serious attempt.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284445

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A long-term follow-up study with a mean duration of 20.2 years was performed in 5-year periods for 280 male schizophrenic patients discharged 1946–1950. To avoid a heterogeneous evaluation of the prognosis the author combined the outcome variables ‘symptomatology’, ‘working ability’ and ‘social integration’ as Overall prognostic index’. Thus the final results show that prognosis is favorable in one-half of the patients (50.7%), relatively favorable in less than one-fourth (21.8%) and unfavorable in about one-fourth of the cases (27.5%). The author stated further that the prognosis is correlated with less clinical and more socially determined factors. In most of the cases favorable and unfavorable prognostic variables are both simultaneously presented, which does not allow the prospective prediction of individual prognosis in schizophrenia.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284446

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A retrospective case control study was performed using the records of 60 catatonics, 189 noncatatonic schizophrenics, 262 schizophreniform disorder cases, 122 manics, 203 depressives and 134 surgical controls. This study suggests that perinatal distress and a history of severe infectious disease in childhood are more common among subjects with catatonia. Rheumatic fever is particularly common among the histories of catatonic patients. Although these findings did not occur in all cases of catatonia in the study, they may indicate a risk factor for some types of catatonia.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284447

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to compare the prevalence of certain symptoms in adolescence with those at other ages, 6,034 apparently normal subjects aged 9–60 years were studied by questionnaire. Fear of blushing and fear of being looked at showed a maximum in the mid-teens and a subsequent gradual decrease both in males and females. They were more common in females at most ages. The anxiety symptoms also showed a peak in the mid-teens but there was a period of relative increase in the forties. Episodic illusions and the idea of being talked about started to decrease with age in adolescence.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284448

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We investigated 37 chronic schizophrenic patients with two objective rating scales (AMDP and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; BPRS) and compared the questioned symptoms with the Frankfurter Beschwerde Fragebogen (FBF), a questionnaire for subjective complaints which are close to the uncharacteristic ‘basic’ symptoms of schizophrenic patients. It was pointed out that the questions in the FBF relate mainly to uncharacteristic symptoms like disturbances of perception, concentration, attention, perceiving, and memory. These subjective symptoms of the FBF show a few correlations with the AMDP/BPRS rating. The total score of the FBF gave no further information about social functioning of patients with cognitive disturbances.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284449

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger