摘要:

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of emotion on the rate of forgetting by long-hospitalized schizophrenics. Neutral, positive and negative emotion word lists were read by long-hospitalized schizophrenic and normal control subjects. Subjects were tested for recall immediately and after a delay of about 48 h. The results showed that long-hospitalized schizophrenics: (1) remembered less information; (2) forgot rapidly over time and (3) the negative emotion list was forgotten less rapidly by schizophrenics than the positive emotion list. These findings cannot be explained by differences in discriminating power of tasks, primacy and recency effects in recall, drug status, age, sex or intelligence. The conclusions drawn were that long-hospitalized schizophrenics are characterized by the rapid forgetting of verbal materials, and negative emotion materials are forgotten less rapidly by schizophrenics than other materials. Organic and psychological factors may interact in producing these effects in long-stay but not in short-stay patients.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284827

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Palinopsia seems to be a very rare phenomenon in functional psychotic disorders. In this paper, we report on a patient with chronic schizophrenia who displayed chronic persisting palinopsia embedded in a plethora of rare mental phenomena. The possible theoretical relevance of this observation is discussed.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284828

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Splitting is defined from a viewpoint of experiencing time as an ‘episodic loss or sudden shift of experiencing time induced by two opposing representational groups’. According to this definition splitting phenomena are examined in four cases arranged on a spectrum from multiple personality and hysteria to borderline personality disorder (BPD). The degree of splitting was most prominent in BPD. In Contrast to the hypermnesia associated with hysteria, that of BPD had the potential to develop into paranoia. Splitting phenomena were considered to operate as a defense mechanism against the development to paranoia. In all four cases it could be seen that the overflow of ‘parole’, corresponding to the hypermnesia, could not be fruitfully conceptualized due to the splitting phenomena. Assuring new integration was indispensable to the therapy of the four presente

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284829

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Demographic characteristics of specific somatic complaints were studied systematically in 60 consecutive patients whose main complaints were bodily symptoms without organic pathology, to determine if the social and demographic factors in any way influenced the nature or localisation of specific common somatic complaints. The Scale for Assessment of Somatic Symptoms was used to systematically acquire details of individual complaints. The commonest somatic complaints identified were weakness of body or mind (72%), headache (67%), fatiguability (37%) and burning sensations (35%). Subjects with less education reported weakness of body and mind, and multiple sites of pain more often, but lethargy and fatiguability less often than those with higher education. Rural subjects reported burning sensations and pain in their extremities more frequently. A sensation of ‘gas’ was more often reported by younger subjects, and pain in the extremities by male subjects. The factors which determine the choice of somatic complaints remain elusive and the exact reasons for these demographic relationships are unclear at pres

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284830

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Visual noise subjectively contains more meaningful patterns (1) when tachistoscopically presented to the left visual field, and (2) for persons who believe in extrasensory perception (ESP). These results indicate a possible right hemisphere mediation of delusional perception and suggest some delusional component in the belief in ESP.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284831

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The discussion about young adult chronic patients (YACPs) started in the literature in the early eighties. However, the insufficient operationalization of the YACP concept provoked some criticism. The aim of the present study was to examine whether there were operational differences between YACPs and older chronic patients, as well as between hypothesized subgroups. The results show, as expected, that the differences between YACPs and older patients correlate with age. But only the ‘high-energy, high-demand’ subgroup differs not only from the other YACPs but also from the older chronic patients concerning psychopathology, social functioning and their interaction with the social environment. After 35 they grow out of their typical behavior which is strongly determined by traits of borderline and antisocial personality disorder. The stigmatizing YACP label should therefore be replaced by a more precise description such as ‘young long-term patients with borderline or antisocial personality tr

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284832

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One hundred consecutively hospitalized cases fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for bipolar disorder, manic type, were studied by using the Hindi version of the Present State Examination. There was a preponderance of young male patients. Almost all cases showed expansive mood, subjective ideomotor pressure and grandiose delusions. Flight of ideas was rarely seen. Delusions of reference and persecution were very common and so were religious and sexual delusions. The findings are discussed in the light of cultural factors.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284833

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

I present cases in which patients feel that they are able to control other persons, and consider the features of this delusional experience and note some points concerning its treatment. This delusional experience does not continue for a long period and is accompanied by a suicidal tendency, a pathological consciousness of the disappearance of the self, and some catatonic experiences. These features are not accidental, but result from the essentially solipsistic quality of this delusional experience. So, from the symptomatic viewpoint, this experience can be considered as belonging to catatonic ones in the acute phase of schizophrenia. From the therapeutic point of view, the occurrence of this experience should be carefully examined, bearing in mind its short duration. And when we encounter this experience, we should make provision against its suicidal tendency that often inevitably impels us to carry out electroconvulsive therapy.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284834

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms was used to measure delusions and hallucinations in 115 DSM-III-R schizophrenics. Our factorial analysis of the hallucinations and delusions resulted in three factors with appropriate internal consistency and frequency: a Schneiderian delusional syndrome, an auditory hallucination syndrome, and a paranoid syndrome that tend to be present in schizophrenics with later onset. These results should be cautiously interpreted due to their cross-sectional nature and to the size of the sample which does not ensure the stability of the factors.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284835

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The coexistence of the delusions of infestation and of body smell is reported. In the analysis of a schizophrenic patient, the authors suppose a connection between object loss and the formation of secondary symptoms. Delusions of infestation and/or body smell can be an indication for a careful psychological analysis in schizophrenia.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284836

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger