摘要:

The present study investigates the frequency, gender distribution, mode of appearance, and prognostic value of affective symptoms in a group of 90 patients with paranoid disorders of various etiologies (with the exception of marked organicity) who underwent a follow-up control. It appears that affective symptoms manifest more frequently than the brunt of delusional and hallucinatory ones, whereby the pronounced differences in gender (preponderance of females) that appear in acute states disappear in the course of the illnesses. Altogether, the frequency of affective symptoms diminishes just as that of delusions and hallucinations. Paranoic syndromes (simple delusional syndrome with a logically organized structure corresponding to the classical concept of paranoia) are characterized by a particularly frequent occurrence of dysphoric (irritable) mood, systematic and unsystematic paraphrenias by a depressive mood. Delusion subsided in all three delusional entities in about 50% of the cases; however, defect develops in unsystematic paraphrenias more often to a statistically highly significant degree than in the other two forms. Despite the expected low stability of affective symptoms over longer periods of time, the presence of affective syndromes has a high prognostic value, even in a population characterized primarily by the presence of a mood-incongruent delusion. The results of this investigation suggest that Jaspers’ hierarchical principle, still important for many diagnostic systems, according to which the presence of delusions and hallucinations is considered to be pathognomonic for schizophrenia and takes priority over any affective ones, be abandoned. The consequence this would have for the theoretical basis of the diagnosis of endogenous psychoses is that apart from affective syndromes only schizophrenic nuclear symptoms would form the basis of nosological diagnosis, and so-called productive symptoms (delusions and hallucinations) would be construed as a superstructur

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284533

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

761 obsessions were recorded from 410 cases of obsessive-compulsive neurosis seen over a 10-year period. The obsessions were analysed according to form and content: 6 categories of form and 11 categories of content were delineated. Fear of contamination was the single most common theme, followed by thoughts of daily activities, thoughts about the past and fears of harm. The findings are discussed in the light of earlier literature.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284534

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a retrospective study the case histories of 154 patients with acute alcohol psychosis were examined. The obvious diagnostic criteria in the doctor’s differential diagnosis between alcohol withdrawal delirium and alcohol hallucinosis was clouding of sensorium and disorientation. 103 patients were diagnosed as having alcohol withdrawal delirium, 51 patients alcohol hallucinosis. Mean age and sex ratio were the same in both groups. Further psychopathological symptoms in both groups supporting differential diagnosis are discusse

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284535

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Psychological reactions to sexually transmissible disease (STD) infection are common, occurring in up to 85% of some patients with STDs: Hart [1] has suggested that they are among the most common conditions encountered in venereology. Previous psychiatric disturbances in STD patients, however, are relatively uncommon and differ in both etiology and management from such psychological sequelae of STD infection, although both Catalan et al. [2] and Fitzpatrick et al. [3] report that in the United Kingdom, some 40% of STD clinic attenders had General Health Questionnaire scores indicating they were psychiatric cases.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284536

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Coprophagia is an uncommonly reported psychiatric symptom. A young schizophrenic patient exhibiting coprophagia and smearing is described here. The case is discussed in comparison with the very few cases reported earlier, most of which had evidence of brain damage.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284537

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A retrospective analysis of all medically serious suicide attempts made by 45 patients hospitalized consecutively at the Payne Whitney Clinic with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual III discharge diagnosis of unipolar major depression recurrent with psychotic features was undertaken. Patients with delusions of persecution in combination with delusions of guilt were significantly more likely to make medically serious suicide attempts than patients with single categories of delusions or combinations other than guilt and persecution.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284538

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Data concerning 150 consecutive adult psychiatric patients treated by the authors in a general hospital psychiatric unit were analyzed. All patients with predominant hypochondriacal or paranoid symptoms were selected. The presence of depressed mood and suicidal ideas and their impact on prognosis were investigated. Finally, characteristics of patients with both hypochondriacal and paranoid symptoms were studied. We found that: (a) 79% of the patients with predominant hypochondriacal symptoms were depressed, but only 27% of these had suicidal ideas. These patients usually revealed a poor response to treatment, (b) Only 27% of the patients with paranoid symptoms only were depressed, but their suicidal risk was high. They usually had a good response to treatment, (c) Only 3% of the total sample exhibited both hypochondriacal and paranoid symptoms. They were all thought-disordered schizophrenics but had better prognosis than expected. The psychodynamic background of the results is discussed.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284539

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The Borderline Symptom Inventory (BSI), a 52-item self-report inventory, was administered to cohorts of patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD), affective disorder and a normal control sample. The study failed to demonstrate that the inventory could effectively discriminate either ambulatory or hospitalized BPD patients from those with affective disorders, but that the inventory could correctly specify a control group without a psychiatric disorder. The results suggest that it is premature to utilize the BSI as a reliable screen to detect BPD.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284540

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

22 patients with panic disorder (PD) were compared with 42 cases suffering from agoraphobia with panic attacks for a number of variables. The two groups did not differ for age, sex ratio, age of onset, social class, severity of nonsituational anxiety and personality profiles. On the other hand agoraphobics showed lower education and worse social adaptation. A higher prevalence of traumatic life events was also observed for agoraphobics compared with subjects suffering from PD.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284541

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger