摘要:

The psychopathological findings in 339 patients treated for depressive disorder were investigated. The classification was made according to ICD 9 and DSM III. The classification and diagnosis of depressive disorders are based on the symptoms, etiology and the course of the disease. Therefore we aim at a three-dimensional scheme of classification that takes into account all these variables. We do not want to follow the basic problems of classification and all dimensions of depressive disorders. We just want to analyze our psychopathological findings in depressive patients, who have been classified according to ICD 9 and DSM III, and we want to turn our attention to the core syndrome of endogenous depression.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284630

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

By use of latent trait models a 7-item rating scale of severe delusional psychoses was established based on the PSE interview. Data from 88 first-admitted patients with delusional psychoses were analysed. These data assigned good internal validity of the scale and revealed a dimensional rather than a categorical distribution of severe delusional psychoses. Using schizophrenia as a reference, the scale with a cut-off point ≥ 1 established the diagnosis with a sensitivity of 0.84 and a specificity of 0.95. In a study to come a latent class analysis among deluded patients will be performed.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284631

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Perhaps owing to their commonness, nonserious motor vehicle accidents, i.e. those not resulting in death or major bodily injury, have received scant systematic study in the psychiatric literature. However, patients presenting with lingering psychiatric distress following such accidents are seen commonly in practice. The authors reviewed the patterns of presentation and background circumstances in a series of 55 such cases, presenting at varying periods of time after the incident. They found such patients to cluster into four distinct groups. The most common presentation was that of a depressive syndrome, outnumbering those with features of posttraumatic stress disorder by 3:1.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284632

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The present study tried to separate 30 hospitalized borderline and 30 hospitalized neurotic patients by indicators of deviant thinking. Kolb and Gunderson’s diagnostic interview for borderlines and the Holtzman Inkblot Technique (HIT) were applied as diagnostic instruments. It was possible to separate the two groups by the more severe degrees of deviant thinking with relatively high values for sensitivity and specificity (83 and 93%). If these results can be corroborated in cross-validations with independent samples, the HIT would be a very useful instrument for the discrimination of the two diagnostic groups.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284633

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Misidentification syndromes have traditionally relied upon the patient’s delusional explanation for their classification. Using 2 cases for illustration, a more systematic classification is proposed for misidentification syndromes. The revised nomenclature has potential use in future research of misidentification syndromes.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284634

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A case report on a patient with Münchhausen syndrome is presented and the psychopathological features are compared to other reports in the literature. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis are discussed with regard to other somatoform disorders such as conversion disorder and somatization disorder as well as to malingering and cenesthesic schizophrenia. The management of Münchhausen syndrome is aggravated by the low compliance in these patients, who expose themselves to serious complications of unnecessary medical and surgical procedures. Early diagnosis could to a considerable extent exclude these iatrogenic risks. We recommend that patients presenting the psychopathological features of a Münchhausen syndrome should be conservatively observed and an attempt to clarify both the medical and the psychiatric diagnosis should be made before any invasive procedure is undertak

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284635

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Individuals with severe psychotic illnesses may experience hallucinatory voices from animals. Six cases are described, and the significance of such hallucinations is discussed. The term ‘Dolittle phenomenon’ is proposed.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284636

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The internal and external construct validity of 4 severe prognostic psychopathological items is studied in deluded patients. A two-class model of latent structure analysis fits fairly well. One latent class seems to reflect a schizophrenic spectrum while the other class does not include characteristics which are known from one single nosologic entity. Thought disorder is most predictive for schizophrenic class membership, while blunted affect has the least predictive value. This ‘schizophrenic’ latent class has a fairly high and similar sensitivity to various definitions of schizophrenic disorder. The frequency of the types of delusions differs between the classes.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284637

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to examine the hypothesis that being a firstborn or only child is specifically associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder, the birth order positions and sibship sizes of 62 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were compared with those of 60 agoraphobic and 92 depressed patients. No significant group differences were found for men, women, or both sexes combined. Results conflict with earlier findings which supported the hypothesized relationship between birth order status and development of obsessive-compulsive patterns in men. In addition to possible differences in methodology, discrepancies between the present findings and those of earlier studies may reflect a decline over the past 20 years in the percentage of male obsessive compulsives that were either firstborn or only children.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284638

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger