摘要:

Anxiety and hostility scores (Gottschalk-Gleser method of verbal content analysis) were studied in a mixed patient sample comprising psychosomatic, functional, and neurotic patients under two speech-eliciting conditions: monological and dialogical. Hostility scores did not differ between conditions. Mutilation, diffuse and total anxiety scores were significantly higher in interview than in monologue. In this condition, separation anxiety was expressed more often. Some intercorrelations between variables were found in both conditions, mostly involving hostility, while others hold either for monological or interview data. Factor analysis disclosed different factor structures for the two conditions. An interaction between speech-eliciting condition and diagnostic subgroup is suggested. The implications of these findings for descriptive psychiatric research are discussed.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284434

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Influenced by Seligman’s definition of ‘learned helplessness’ we studied the change of expectancy after positive and negative reinforcement before the onset and in the course of treatment of endogenomorphic and psychoreactive depressions. Before the onset of treatment patients do not exhibit any systematic change of expectancy after positive or negative reinforcement, in the course of treatment reaction to reinforcement is demonstrable, the type of treatment administered during the observation period causes differences in behavior.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284435

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Changes of success expectancy in healthy test persons are investigated in this study. An experimental mood manipulation with the help of mood statements by Velten [1968] was performed. Changes of success expectancy were rather attributable to the present mood than to the trait-component ‘depression’.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284436

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In this study we attempted to break down short-term effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on memory into anterograde and retrograde amnesia, and for the latter we again separated short-term store performances from those connected with the long-term store of memory. Our experiments included complicated learning tasks. Although impairment caused by ECT was demonstrable in all three test fields, complicated conditioning experiments stored in the long-term store proved to be most sensitive to the disturbing effect of ECT.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284437

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Clinical research of the borderline personality disorder can be difficult and challenging for the investigator. The core psychopathology and characteristic defense mechanisms of the borderline research subject often make the completion of research protocols with these patients problematic. The researcher may also be plagued by issues of ‘classical’ and ‘total’ countertransference. Psychopharmacologic investigations are especially likely to bring these issues to the forefront. Some of the psychologic challenges in completing research with the borderline patient, with special emphasis on psychopharmacologic investigations, are reviewed.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284438

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The occurrence of postpartum psychosis in a male patient after the birth of a child is described in this case report. An association with the phenomenon of the couvade syndrome that is observed in all cultures is made. Also, the stressful life event of pregnancy in a partner related to the onset and development of psychotic disturbance is reported. Emotional disorders which develop in women during pregnancy are compared and contrasted with the variable responses which men manifest. Signs and symptoms heralding the onset of a more pathological pregnancy response in men are offered. The authors suggest that the experience of couvade be defined as a spectrum disorder of pathological responses in males ranging from physical symptoms to psychosis as a reaction to pregnancy. This case represents the extreme end of that spectrum and suggestions are made for early identification and treatment.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284439

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A study of the partnerships of 15 endogenous bipolar, 15 endogenous unipolar, 15 neurotic and 16 unclassified depressives, and of 36 control persons showed that there were some common factors and some differences due to sex among the depressives as a total group. The greater differences were to be found, however, among the depressive subgroups. Bipolars: particularly great desire for closeness and for love and attention, low self-esteem where the partner is concerned, the strongest aggression inhibition. Unipolars: arrogance, indirect aggression and emotional distance to the partner. Neurotic depressives: many conflicts, directly and indirectly aggressive, dissatisfied and demanding. Unclassified depressives: extreme fluctuations between clinging and arrogance and withdrawal.

ISSN:0254-4962    

DOI:10.1159/000284440

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger