摘要:

AbstractA postal survey concerning the prevalence of challenging behaviour in day schools for pupils with severe learning difficulties, covering one in six schools in England and Wales, is reported. Definitions of particular challenging behaviours were operationalised and an overall rating of management difficulty was shown to be reasonably consistently applied across schools. There were unexplained differences in the reported prevalence of challenging behaviour across schools but the ‘average’ school of 60 pupils would be expected to identify around five more difficult pupils and a further nine pupils who showed less difficult challenging behaviour. Differences between Independently mobile (IM), and non‐independently mobile (NIM), pupils in abilities and the pattern of challenging behaviour emerged. Data are discussed in the context of possible training needs of sc

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1994.tb00126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe literature suggests that Asian families have attitudes and beliefs about learning disability (mental handicap) which differ from those of white British families, and that these attitudes may have an influence on service utilisation. A structured interview schedule addressing these issues was piloted on 12 Asian and 12 white British families to determine its effectiveness in identifying attitudinal differences between the two groups. In this study, the differences in attitudes and beliefs were found to be unrelated to descriptive variables such as the characteristics of the son/daughter with a learning disability, and characteristics of the parents. However, attitudinal differences and service utilisation patterns were more related to religious and cultural differences. A further major influence on attitudes and service utilisation in Asian families was a lack of knowledge about the cause and concept of learning disability, and of the services available. The findings of this study highlight the short‐comings of services for black and ethnic minority people with learning disabilies, and have major implications for future service provisio

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1994.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper highlights the potential physical health problems of people with profound learning disability in a hospital population. Assessments were made under seven probable health care needs of this population. Uncomplicated Body Mass Index (BMI)<20 (underweight) was a common finding, but low Body Mass Index alone was of little significance in this population. The majority of participants had well controlled epilepsy, were vulnerable to pressure sores, and prone to constipation. The number of consultations with a doctor were similar to the general population, but all had regular annual physical examinations. A small but significant number of people required a high level of health care which can only be provided with a high level of nursing care and regular medical support. The implications of the recent shift of focus of the National Health Service and its effect on this population is discussed.

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1994.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTreatment and care of people with severe and profound learning disability have received a great deal of attention during the last two decades. One issue attracting particular research interest has been the definition of procedures for promoting independent activity engagement (i.e. activity engagement independent of staff supervision). The present paper reviews six procedures: (1) task/contingencies fading; (2) automatic prompting; (3) use of reactive objects and electrical switches; (4) pictorial, tactile or auditory cues handled by the subjects; (5) computer‐aided programmes presenting instructions, reinforcement and corrective feedback; and (6) employment of peer caregiver

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1994.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere is no consistent pattern of services in England for people with a learning disability who offend or have severe anti‐social behaviours (‘mental impairment’). In one English health region, the mental impairment service comprises two residential units on hospital sites. The first of these (Unit A) operates as a medium‐secure unit, assessing and treating patients referred by the courts. The second (Unit B) has a lower level of security, and provides long‐term treatment for people with a mental impairment domiciled in its hospital's catchment area. Almost all the patients in the two units had mild learning disabilities, and substantial minorities had psychiatric and/or neurological disorders. A higher proportion of patients at the unit with the lowest level of security had psychiatric disorders and disturbed behaviour. This anomaly results from the lack of local mental impairment services throughout the region, which makes it difficult to discharge patients from Unit A. It is recommended that priority be given to the development of local mental impairment services rather then new medium‐secure asses

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1994.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY