摘要:

AbstractA list with information about named host genes controlling resistance to rust in both cultivated and wild flax has been compiled. These will be useful for genetic, physiological and biochemical research as well as breeding for resistance. Information regarding mutation, temperature sensitivity and the effect of inhibitor/avirulence gene interaction on expression of certain host genes is included.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00409.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGenetic variation for NaCl tolerance at the vegetative stage was assessed in nutrient solution culture in maize (Zea maysL.). Shoot growth, and plant fresh and dry weight of the two cultivars, Akbar and Sadat were severely reduced after three weeks growth in 120, 150, and ISO mol m−3NaCl. There was however considerable variability between seedlings. Ten‐thousands seeds of cv. Akbar were therefore screened for shoot growth at 180 mol m−3NaCl after four weeks growth in sand culture. A selection intensity of 0.42 % was achieved. Eighteen selected plants were polycrossed for estimation of narrow‐sense heritability based on female parent‐progeny regression. A narrow‐sense heritability estimate of 0.54 was obtained.The progeny of the salt‐tolerant selection line and selfed progeny plants of the unselccted control lines of cvs Akbar and Sadat were grown for six weeks in 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 mol m−3NaCl in sand culture. The tolerant line produced significantly greater fresh and dry biomass and had greater shoot length than the unselected cv. Akbar, but the selection line derived from cv. Akbar was equal to the salt tolerant cv. Sadat in all the growth parameters measured.These data suggest that in maize, improvement in salt tolerance could be obtained through further cycles of selecti

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00410.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVariation in the ability o) 60 rice (Oryza salivaL.) varieties and three wild species to accumulate abscisic acid (ABA) in response to drought stress, drought‐induced ABA accumulation (DIAA), was assessed using a standard detached‐leaf lest. The range in DIAA amongst these genotypes was compared with the range amongst F2plants and F6, lines derived from theO. salivacross ‘IR20’ב63–83’ which were selected through several generations solely on the basis of differences in DIAA. ABA was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) or by gas chromatography (GC).DIAA in the 60 varieties was normally distributed with a six‐fold range, from 245 to 1580 ng g−1FW. Wild species varied two‐fold in DIAA, from 375 to 889 ng g−1FW. DIAA in F2plants from the ‘1R20’ב63–83’ cross was also normally distributed. The extremes of DIAA for the low‐ABA and higb‐ABA F6lines (330 and 1435ng g−1FW) were similar to those for the varieties. Measurements by RIA and GC gave similar results.These findings are discussed in the context of producing further sets of closely‐related genotypes with similar leaf areas to study the associat

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00411.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPolima CMS lines can be divided into three groups according to the sensitivity of male sterility to temperature: 1) high temperature CMS lines (62.9%), 2) low temperature CMS lines (28.6 %) and 3) stable CMS lines (8.5 %). The heterosis of Pol CMS hybrids is evident and common in some of the characters tested, especially in plant seed yield and siliqua number. The cytoplasm has no deleterious effects on the FI characters tested.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00412.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe restores tested in this study have only one pair of fertility‐restoring genes (Rf) but many temperature‐sensitive genes (Ts). The Rf genes are alleles at the same locus. The cytoplasm of the restorers RC1, RC2, RC3and ‘Huaie’ is male sterile, but that of RC4, is

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00413.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnther culture studies were conducted on a wide variety of different vegetableBrassica oleraceaL. cultivars grown under field conditions. Representative selections were included from different varieties including:broccoli, var.italica;heading broccoli, var.botrytis;Brussels sprouts, var.gemnifera;Chinese Kale, var.alboglabra;Kales, vars.acephala, medullosa, ramosa, selensia;cauliflower, var.botrytis;kohlrabi, var.gongylodes;and cabbage, vars.capitataandsabanda.At least some microspore derived embryos were recovered from the majority of cultivars tested; however, rates of embryo formation were sometimes lower than those obtained under controlled environmental conditions. In general the anther culture response was greatest for cabbage and other vegetables that required vernalization for flowering. Results were lower for materials exposed to high temperature stresses before culture. Nevertheless, it is clear that the use of anther culture procedures in breeding programs is possible without access to extensive controlled environmental facilities.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00414.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe extent of culture associated variation generated by a brief passage through tissue culture was evaluated in four maize inbred backgrounds: A641, H99, MS7I, and PA91. The progeny resulting from two generations of self‐pollination from the original regenerates were evaluated along with appropriate sexual controls in a replicated field experiment. Eighty regenerate lines and twenty controls were evaluated in each background. Data were collected for 22 traits and were subjected to analysis of variance, discriminant analysis, and principal component analysis. In 58 of 88 combinations of background and trait, the contrast of controls vs. regenerates was significant. The culture cycle increased the variation and changed the association between traits. Testcross hybrids involving these regenerate lines and controls were also evaluated with little or no significant variation or differences between regenerate hybrids and controls being detecte

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00415.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe objective was to study the genetic basis of lipid content in pea seeds and the extent to which the inheritance of lipid content can be attributed to major genes determining seed shape. The genetic analysis consisted of two full 5 × 5 diallel crosses; one diallel between genotypes differing for genes affecting seed shape (r, rb, diandmifoloci) and the other between genotypes known to differ for lipid content. The results indicated that there was significant additive genetic and dominance variation for percent lipid. Recessive alleles at therandrbloci have a positive effect on lipid content, while alleles at thediandmifoloci appear to have no effect on lipid content

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAThinopyrum distichumchromosome segment translocated on chromosome arm 7DL. of the line ‘Indis’, was shown to be preferentially transmitted in crosses with other bread wheats. The translocated segment carries a gene for leaf rust resistance and produces a null condition for the endopeptidase product,EP‐Dla.These characters were used to follow the transmission of the translocated chromosome in segregating and testcross progenies derived by crossing ‘Indis’ to four bread wheat cultivars. The severity of the gametocidal response in the heterozygotes ranged from a virtually exclusive transfer of the translocation to an almost normal transmission of the homologues. In some genetic backgrounds an intermediate level of transmission occurred. In the F1with a gametocidal response, the transmission of the normal chromosome 7D was reduced in both sexes, but the reduction may be more severe in the male

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00417.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractColchicine‐induced autotetraploids produced in the medicinally important solanaceous plantHyoscyamus albus(2n = 68) revealed a general increase in pollen, stomata and seed size, but resulted in the reduction of leaf size and plant height. Also, an initial performance trial showed a decline in biomass yield but an increase in alkaloid content of 16.2 %. Thus, in terms of alkaloid yield, the tetraploids demonstrated a slight improvement over diploids for this economic product.Seed fertility of the raw colchiploids was low but a higher value (>80 %) could be obtained in advanced generations following rigid selection. High fertility was accompanied by a diploidized meiotic chromosome behaviour in the autotetraploids, with high bivalent pairing and regular anaphase separation. Bivalents were predominantly of open type in the autotetraploids as against a predominance of ring bivalents with distal chiasma localization in the parental diploids. The algebraic estimate of multivalent pairing frequency recorded even in the raw colchiploids was quite low (0.239) compared to that expected on the basis of random pairing (0.667), which further dropped to 0.107 in the C3generation. Such reduction in multivalent frequency in autotetraploids could be brought about by a combination of reduction in crossover frequency and correction in pachytene pairin

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00418.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY