摘要:

AbstractAn in vitro system for the initiation of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of spring‐ and winter‐type rye has been developed. The optimal developmental stage of immature embryos to be used as explants is the late stage of spherical coleoptile when the tissue turns milky in colour and the coleoptile is enlarged but spherical. The type and concentration of auxin in the induction medium is of importance for obtaining high efficiency of somatic embryogenesis. CC‐medium high 30 μM Dicamba resulted in well developed somatic embryos in large umbers. Positive effects on the efficiency, intensity and speed of development of somatic embryos have been observed by the addition of coconut water to CC‐medium, replacing agar by agarose and culturing the explants in low light intensity.Following a “step by step” optimization, culture conditions have been defined giving rise to a 90—100% efficiency of somatic embryogenesis and a high number of rege

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFrost resistance was studied in SC4seedlings generated by self pollination from 31 (SC4) plants of ‘GK Csongor’ winter wheat variety derived from resistance than ‘GK Csongor’. With respect to percentage survival, one family possessed significantly higher frost resistance as compared to the control at a temperature of ‐13°C In the case of regrowth analysis, 22 of the 31 families showed less growing capacity and 5 proved to be significantly better than ‘GK Csongor’. According to both testing methods, one family showed significantly higher frost resistance th

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00321.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn attempt was made to transfer male‐sterility, mslc, from the Cornerstone mutant of tetraploid wheat to diploid wheat. The N‐banding technique revealed that chromosome 4 A of tetraploid wheat does not pair with chromosome 4 of diploid wheat in triploid F1hybrids: consequtntly the transfer of male‐sterility gene(s) from tetraploid wheat to diploid was not successful. The culchiane induced ampliploids possessing AAAABB inmslcbackground were fully fertile indicating the complete compensation ofmslcby the newly introduced A genome ofT. monocaccum.The fertility compensating gene(S) presumably located on chromosome 4 of diploid wheat may be used to produce hybrid wheat by the XYZ s

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCrosses between octoploid and hexaploid triticales have been made m breeding programs for several years, From an analysis of the progeny of such crosses where selections for an octoploid‐like phenotype had been made, it was established that 149 out of 150 lines were hexaploid in chromosome number, C‐banding andin situhybridization demonstrated that all but five of the 62 lines analyzed in detail contained visible chromosomes or segments from the D genome. Only four lines had D‐genome chromosome replacing rye chromosomes. All of the remaining 53 D‐genome substitutions involved the replacing of wheat chromosomes from either the A or B genomes. This establishes the ease with which D‐genome genes can be placed into triticale without the loss of rye ch

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe inheritance of resistance in common wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) to Septoria glume blotch, caused by the pathogenSeptoria nodorumBerk., was studied. Four quantitative parameters of resistance were measured: infection efficiency (IE) and disease severity (DS) on intact young plants together with legion size (LS) and length of latent period (LP) on detached leaves. The method of testing the disease reaction of wheat toS. nodorumon detached leaves was refined and standardised to minimize the non‐pathological sources of variation. Four wheat cultivars were tested for their reaction to 11Septoria nodorumisolates. Two of the cultivars were crossed for studies on the genetics for host resistance, using a singleS. nodorumisolate for inoculation; parental, F1, F2and F3populations were analysed.Interaction between wheat cultivars andS. nodorumisolates was significant, but its variance component was quite small compared with the main effects of cultivars and isolates, The inheritance of resistance was mainly additive, with low to moderate heritability, apparently controlled by 3 to 4 quantitative genes, with indications of gene interactions. LS and LP were highly correlated, suggesting pleiotrapy for these two parameters of resistance. IE and DS (on intact plants) were moderately correlated to LS and LP (on detached leaves), apparently due to a partial pleiotropy or linkag

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract50Vicia fabalines were inoculated with 4 strains ofRhizobium leguminosarumin all possible combinations under greenhouse conditions in 5 replications. A root‐sterile method was used for the cultures. Characters such as plant height, leaf colour, number and colour of nodules, the dry weights of shoot, root and nodules, and the nitrogen content were recorded, after 10 weeks. It was demonstrated by analysis of variance that, for example, for the dry matter of the shoot only 1.9 % of the total phenotypic variance was caused by interaction betweenViciaandRhizobiumgenotypes, but 24.7 % Was conditioned by the faba bean genotypes and 73.4 % by the Rhizobium strains. Differences ofVicia fabagenotypes in their reaction to differentRhizobiumstrains were detected by joint regression analysi

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInheritance and linkage relationships of pearl millet seed esterase isozymes were studied using; polyacrylamide dise: gel electrophoresis and α‐naphthyl acetate as substrate. The Zone of enzyme activity was resolved into five bands. The presence of a band showed complete dominance over its absence. Each one of the bands (1 to 4) was under the control of a single gene. Band five was found to be controlled by three independent loci with duplicate gent action Loci for Est1, Est3and Est4Were found to be linked. Est2Was independent of this linkage gro

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to improve mutant selection procedures, 5000 plantlets were regenerated in three different harvests (flush A, B and C) from X‐irradiated (15 and 20 Gy) and non‐irradiated cell suspensions ofChrysanthemum morifoliumcv. ‘Parliament’. After screening under suboptimal energy condition (12°C greenhouse temperature, winter low‐light), a total of 95 early flowering plants were selected. These plants flowered at least as early as a low‐temperature tolerant (LTT) mutant E2, used as a reference. The percentage of early flowering variants was highest among plants obtained from calli, X‐irradiated with 15 Gy and regenerating relatively late (flush B). It appeared that the applied selection method (e.q. harvest) had a large impact on the number of early p

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe inheritance of earliness and fruit Weight in tomato was studied in tour interspecific crosses. Two cultivated varieties, i.e.‘HS 101’ and “HS 102′, were hybridized with two wild species.L. birsutum f. glabratum‘B 6013’ andL. pimpinellifolium‘A 1921′. Six generations of these crosses were evaluated for these traits and the estimates of gene effects were derived from the generation mean using an epistatic (six parameters) model. There were very wide differences between cultivated and wild species for earliness and fruit weight and in the segregating populations, plants with delayed maturity and smaller fruit size were recorded with high frequency. It was found that the inheritance pattern was mainly governed by additive gene action. Epistatic effects also contributed towards the inheritance

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSorghum hybrids, involving three iso‐sterile (A1, A2and A4) females and a set of five fertility restorers, were evaluated for yield components in both rainy and winter seasons. In general A2cytoplasm had larger grain size and higher yield than traditionalmilo(A1) cytoplasm and cytoplasm A4had an adverse effect of yield and yield components. Cytoplasmic systems also affected plants height, days to bloom and grain size. Restorers IS 12567C, IS 12662C and SPV 650 had desirable general combining ability effects. The cross (A2T × 398) × IS 12662C had the highest mean yield coupled with positive heterosis and specific combining ability effects, Exploitation of A2cytoplasm in Sorghum heterosis breeding is sugges

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY