摘要:

ABSTRACT.Evidence is presented for a circadian control of locomotory activity in the larval stadia of the cricket,Teleogryllus commodusWalker. Under light—dark cycles (LD), maximal activity occurs around the L/D transition and/or in the hours preceding it. Free‐running rhythm patterns longer than 24 h are observed in constant light. Re‐entrainment to phase advances in the LD cycle is also accompanied by several transient cycles. However, free‐running rhythms under constant darkness or transients when exposed to LD cycle delays were not found. LD cycles during the eighth stadium set the phase of a free‐running rhythm in the adult, even if the nymph does not show a rhythm. Nymphal activity is often erratic and is disrupted periodically by the moulting cycle, but moulting does not interrupt the operation of the circadian system. The daily timing of the moult itself is not under circadia

ISSN:0307-6962    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1986.tb00394.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Stereotyped eclosion behaviour ofSarcophaga bullataParker (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) consists of two different repetitive sequences of movements. One, which is instrumental for making forward progress in extricating the body from the puparium or for digging through the soil, is called the programme for forward movement (PFM). The other, which is performed as a response to an obstruction, is called the programme for obstruction removal (POR). The initial and final phases of each repetitive sequence are identical in both programmes, the sequences differing only in the middle portion. In the POR, the locomotor elements of the PFM sequence (peristalsis) are substituted by a train of repetitive expansions of the ptilinum, which are caused by simultaneous contractions of the abdominal and thoracic muscles. These ptilinal movements function as an air hammer against the obstruction. Switching from the PFM to POR can be experimentally induced by a rough mechanical stimulation of the head (squeezing, pushing against a barrier) but not by gentle tactile stimulation of the ptilinum or antennae. The critical period for induction of the POR is in the phase of the PFM sequence at which the two programmes diverge. A constant mechanical stimulus is necessary for a sustained performance of the whole POR. A hypothetical scheme of the neural basis of this behaviour is suggested.

ISSN:0307-6962    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1986.tb00395.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0307-6962    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1986.tb00397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY