ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

With fetal abnormalities diagnosed during maternal ultrasound becoming more commonplace, the management of neonatal hydronephrosis has become one of the most interesting and controversial subjects in pediatric urology. Although it is recognized that obstruction must be treated, it is also clear that hydronephrosis may well exist without significant obstruction. Numerous experimental and clinical studies of the urinary tract have failed to lead to a clear consensus. Our approach consists of careful observation of patients with moderate hydronephrosis in well functioning kidneys. In patients with reduced function or a renal pelvic diameter of greater than 3 cm and dilated calyces, we lean more towards surgical intervention. Overall, an individualized approach is necessary. Curr Opin Urol 8:495–500. © 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Genital reconstruction is necessary in various types of congenital malformations. Although various surgical procedures may be used depending on the anomaly, the basic principles are the same. Three groups of pathology are discussed: hypospadias, ambiguous genitalia and exstrophy–epispadias complex. Progress continues to be made in modifiying older techniques and creating new ones. Some investigators have focused on pain control and dressing materials. There is still much work to be done in this challenging area. Curr Opin Urol 8:501–504. © 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common condition in children. It may cause and maintain urinary tract infections, eventually leading to progressive renal damage and end‐stage renal disease. Ideally, VUR should be detected and treated before renal scarring occurs. Although fetal hydronephrosis on antenatal ultrasound may be the first indicator, the role of further diagnostic investigations in these newborns is still controversial. Because VUR is an inherited condition, offspring of women with a family history of VUR and urinary tract infection should be screened closely for early detection of VUR. Once diagnosed, however, the optimal management of VUR (i.e. medical or surgical treatment) remains controversial. Evidence‐based treatment recommendations, like the American Urological Association guidelines, may aid physicians in their therapeutic decision making, but cannot replace personal experience or surgical skill. Curr Opin Urol 8:505–510. © 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This review covers bladder dysfunction in children. A significant amount of work has been done in the past year with regard to enuresis. The International Children Continence Society discussed the issues of bladder dysfunction, including enuresis, and this review covers the findings of that meeting. It also covers the articles that have been published on neurogenic bladder dysfunction as well as on posterior urethral valves. Curr Opin Urol 8:511–515. © 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The diseases that are most commonly responsible for renal damage and end‐stage renal disease are unique in children. The devastating effect of chronic renal failure on the mental and physical development of children offers many challenging management problems. Although less than perfect, successful renal transplantation is considered the best available treatment option for children, with the alternative of dialysis often made difficult by access problems, growth retardation and renal osteodystrophy. Children comprise between 5 and 8% of our transplant programme, and we consider transplantation and dialysis to be complementary rather than competitive. Curr Opin Urol 8:517–523. © 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent research into paediatric urologic oncology has identified a number of certain subgroups of neuroblastoma and Wilms’ tumour, which allows a more tailored treatment of the individual child with respect to treatment sequelae and finance issues. The importance of surgery, radiotherapy and cytostatic treatment has to be individualized. The controversies regarding the management of rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder and the prostate remain unresolved. Curr Opin Urol 1998, 8:525–528. © 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The advent of intracytoplasmic sperm injection has revolutionized the treatment of male infertility and offers an alternative to vasectomy reversal as a treatment option for post‐vasectomy infertility. Issues including morbidity, cost and therapeutic outcomes are, however, important considerations for both treatment options. Vasectomy reversal should be considered the ideal option for couples less than 15 years since vasectomy, couples interested in more than one child, couples without in‐vitro fertilization insurance coverage and couples with no interest in assisted reproductive techniques. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection may be considered as the primary option for those couples with an older female partner especially if bilateral vasoepididymostomy may be required. Curr Opin Urol 8:531–534. © 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Erectile dysfunction after radical retropubic prostatectomy has a multifactorial aetiology, including both neurogenic and vasculogenic factors. Postoperative potency is improved with preservation of the neurovascular bundles in a nerve‐sparing procedure. Preoperative and intraoperative identification and preservation of accessory pudendal arteries may also improve postoperative potency rates. The early institution of treatment with intracavernous alprostadil appears to improve postoperative potency rates. Treatment with newer therapeutic agents, such as Sildenafil and Invicorp, are both efficacious and well tolerated. Curr Opin Urol 8:535–540. © 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1998

数据来源: OVID