ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Diuretic renography can objectively diagnose obstruction in at least 90% of cases if the standardized protocol is followed and the limitations of the test are appreciated. Failure to adhere rigidly to the protocol may result in a variety of 'diuretic renograms' of unknown reliability.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The management of asymptomatic hydronephrosis detected antenatally in the young infant is an area of great controversy in pediatric urology. The conclusive diagnosis of obstruction in a patient with an apparent ureteropelvic junction anomaly remains difficult. Many physicians support early pyeloplasty; however, more recent data suggest that this may not be necessary in all cases. The natural history of hydronephrosis will best be delineated through an outcome analysis trial of early pyeloplasty compared with observation.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Testicular descent appears to be the result of two separate morphological processes under different hormonal control. The first, or transabdominal, phase is likely to be governed by Müllerian inhibiting substance or anti-Müllerian hormone but this remains controversial. The second, or inguinoscrotal, phase may be controlled by a calcitonin gene-related peptide released from the genitofemoral nerve under androgen stimulation.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Urinary incontinence is a frequent problem encountered by the pediatric urologist. Although often benign and transitory, incontinence may be the reflection of a serious functional or structural anomaly. Anatomic and functional evaluation of the urinary tract is indicated in most cases.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Nineteen de-novo tumors in cystoplasties using ileum or colon have been reported. Frequency, localization, latency period, and histology suggest a similar origin and a similar cancer risk to that seen after ureterosigmoidostomy. The cause of this form of carcinogenesis seems to be the combination of proliferative activity at the urointestinal anastomosis, carcinogenic urine, and the presence of transitional epithelium. Epidermal growth factor and its receptor, transforming growth factor α, carcinogens in urine, and oncogenes and suppresor genes could be of importance in multistep carcinogenesis, whereas urinary nitrosamines do not seem to play a major role, if any. Regular endoscopie evaluation is necessary in all forms of urinary diversion 5–10 years after the operation.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Disappointment with the abilities of current tests to classify the origin of erectile dysfunction and the fact that treatment generally bears little relationship to specific diagnosis have caused diagnostic tests to be employed with more restraint. At present, physicians are searching for the least invasive, most accurate, and most cost-effective diagnostic combinations. In the perspective of goal-directed patient management, this review assesses the value of current diagnostic techniques.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Intracavernosal pharmacotherapy forms the corner-stone for the current management of erectile dysfuntion. Prostaglandin E1is the primary drug of choice. Polypharmacotherapy is associated with a success rate of 85–90%. However, the early drop-out rate from most pharmacologie erection programs is nearly 50%. The major cause of patients dropping out is related to dissatisfaction with or fear of needle injection. Improved non-injectable delivery systems, such as topical or intra-urethral drugs, and more physiologic pharmaceutical agents will form the critical area of future development.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The role of microvascular surgery for the treatment of vasculogenic impotence remains uncertain. Clinical investigators are now beginning to standardize methods of diagnostic testing and to establish normal and abnormal values for these tests. This may lead to improved patient selection for surgery and to better surgical results.

ISSN:0963-0643    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID