摘要:

The food habits and habitat use of pine marten (Martes martesL.) on the Balearic Island of Mincorca were studied from March‐August 1990. In a 28.2 km2area, a series of hiking trails/forest roads were used to collect pine marten faeces bi‐monthly and study te species' differential use of habitats. A total of 28 different food items were identified in 723 faeces. Small mammals were the most important food overall, constituting 34% of the volume During March‐April, small mammals were the principal food consumed (63% of volume), followed by birds (19%). In May‐June, birds were the main food (40%), then small mammals. Plant material and insects were the most important foods in July‐August, both made up 68% of the pine marten diet. The abundance of certain foods and the degree of difficulty in obtaining them appear to be important factors that govern pine marten food selection in Minorca. Habitat use was studied along 12 routes totalling 32.6 km. Pine marten showed preference in March‐April for Coastal Shrubland habitat, while during May‐June they were found most in the Upland Pine type. During July‐August, the Upland Pine and Open Pine habitats were most frequented by pine marten. According to bimonthly food habits data, habitat use seems largely determined by the abundance and availability of their prey items in the available habitat types. Martens may concentrate hunting efforts in areas different from when they are not hunting. The Minorcan pine marten differs from continental populations in its wide use of shrublands, in addi

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1993.tb02627.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A manipulative field experiment, to investigate the interaction of physiology with ecolgy, is described. Body temperatures of four ecotypes of the lizardAnolis oculatuswere studied in their natural habitats on the ecologically diverse island of Dominica. A sample of each ecotypic population was then transferred to one of four 12 times 12 metre experimental enclosures, situated in one of the original habitats. The fourin situpopulations were found to differ significantly in mean body temperature, and, to a lesser extent, in the degree of thermoregulation. Howerve, no differences were found between enclosed populations. This experiment demonstrates that the apparent differences in the thermal preference of the different ecotypes are attributable solely to the availabiltity of thermal microclimates in the different habitats. The apparent lack of specialization of physiogical traits is surprising in view of the fine‐scaled evolutionary adjustment of morphology to geographic variation in local environment that has been recorded in this species, and suggests that more detailed examination of physiology and ecology would be fruitfu

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1993.tb02628.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Transpiration rates in dry air (20% RH) were measured in 15 orthognathous spider species (Mesothelae, Mygalomorphae) from Thailand and Burma. The mean weight losses range between 0.1 and 1.9% body weight per hour; they are mostly highter than data from related spiders in the literature. Differences between the species are discussed. Web and burrow architecture of the species, and to a lesser extent their geographical distribution, reflect the specific water relations.

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1993.tb02629.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY