摘要:

The daily movements of two troupes of Bonnet monkeys were thoroughly studied for over a year and it was observed that there is a clearly demarcated area within which the troupes move. The whole area though not well defended against trespassers is held exclusively by a particular troupe. Within the home range are the areas of preference or core areas where the troupes spend most of their time and these areas are kept free of strangers. The inhabitants announce their occupation of the area and intruders are given timely warning by methods which prevent encroachment.There are a few selected quarters where Bonnets sleep at night and these are generally located close to the feeding grounds.Movement, feeding, social grooming and social play including sexual activity are the four major activities in which the Bonnets indulge.In general there is no marked difference between the Bonnet macaque and other macaques in their daily movement and activity.It can be argued that these various facets of behaviour have a selective significance.

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01702.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The comparative morphology of mammalian middle ear structures has been studied by examining the histological sections of the ears of 144 specimens of mammals which had been collected, with a few exceptions, in two expeditions to the Caribbean area. Fifty‐four species of six orders of mammals were represented. Sixteen structural features or relationships were specifically studied and the bearing of taxonomic groupings on the variability was analysed.A taxonometric analysis using these middle ear features indicated thatMicrodipodopsmay lie nearer toDipodomysthan toPerognathus.A table presenting the detailed results has been deposited with the British Museum (Natural History

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01703.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The spatial and temporal distribution of spiders was studied by continuous pitfall trapping over a period of three years (1962–65) in three National Nature Reserves in Dorset, and in this paper additional data are presented which were obtained from one site up until 1967. A detailed description of the habitat, and its relation to the spatial distribution of the species, will be provided in a later paper. As differences in the habitat have little or no effect on the temporal distribution, this alone will be described in this paper, as in the two previous papers of this series (Merrett, 1967, 1968

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01704.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper represents a brief investigation of the terrestrial locomotion of vespertilionid bats, the types of gait of which they are capable and the trails produced by their movement.

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01705.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Associated with the female insect reproductive system are a number of glands. Those present inNasonia vitripennisare described, their microanatomy examined and where possible this is linked with their function during the process of drilling into the host puparium, feeding on the host fluids and oviposition. The structures dealt with are the ovaries, spermatheca, alkaline gland, colleterial gland and the acid gland with reservoir.

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01706.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In Uganda the butterfly,Acraea encedon(L.), occurs in well‐defined populations that are largely genetically and ecologically isolated from each other. During the course of a large‐scale capture‐recapture programme about 18,000 different individuals were marked and released, and from these and many recaptures aspects of the population structure were investigated. Some populations are composed of almost all females while in other populations the sex ratio is normal. In the predominantly female populations many females remain unmated and produce infertile eggs, laying them on plants that are not foodplants and on each other. In such populations there is intense aggregating behaviour. Males live longer than females and each male may mate with several different females. There is evidence for the existence of a self‐regulating mechanism in the predominantly female populations in which population size and male frequency are reciprocally dependent.Acraea encedonexists in a large variety of sympatric colour forms, the frequency of which varies from population to population. Some colour forms survive better than others. The hindwing ofAcraea encedonhas 20 black spots each of which can be absent in any particular butterfly. The relative frequency of missing spots varies from population to population. The ecological genetics ofAcraea encedonis discussed in relation to theories of mimicry and polym

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01707.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Some 720 foxes were examined for signs of disease and parasites, incidental to an intensive ecological study. The epifauna, skin infections, intestinal helminths and lesions of internal organs are described and rates of infection given. Important diseases included sarcoptic mange, which is a major debilitating factor and probably a fatal infection. Leptospirosis was common, antibodies were recorded in the blood, and chronic interstitial nephritis was a frequent condition of the kidneys. The nematodesUncinaria stenocephalaandToxocaraspp. were often present as parasites of the alimentary canal and may be a mortality factor in cubs. The cestodes and ectoparasites alone would appear to be of little importance and largely reflect the diet of the fox.

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01708.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The mysticete jugal (nialar) bone is loosely articulated and hence generally lost fromthe skull during maceration. Inspection of complete mysticete crania reveals a relativelyhigh incidence of congenital jugal bipartism. In such instances the jugal comprises an anterior major, and a posterior minor, element. This latter, developed from an independent ossifi‐cation centre, is commonly lost during maceration, but its former presence is indicated bya characteristic pre‐squamosal hiatus in the zygomatic arch. Thecondition is without functional significa

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01709.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the Pisauridae both web‐building and non web‐building spiders are present, the former building webs comparable to the funnel‐webs of the Agelenidae.Pisaura mirabilishas always been described as a non web‐building spider catching the prey by sight.However the sexually immaturePisaura mirabilishas been found to build a web in which the animal sits.The structure of this web is not directly comparable to any other type of web, but some kind of relationship to the funnel‐web of the Agelenidae may exist.Even if the youngPisaura mirabilisis capable of catching prey without using the web, detection of the prey seems to be a main function of this

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb01710.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY