摘要:

The sea anemonePhyllactis (=Oulactis) flosculiferaLesueur (Actiniaria) has developed specialized adaptations of a structural, behavioural and chemical nature, which allow the “farming” of its symbiotic zooxanthellae as well as their breakdown and use as a source of nutrition. The presence of an extension of the upper column, the ruff, increases the exposed surface area, and the pattern of expansion and contraction of ruff and tentacles allows the high standing crop of algal symbionts they contain maximum exposure to illumination. A protein extract from the combined ruff, oral disc and tentacles has a destructive effectin vitroon the zooxanthellae ofPhyllactis(52%),Aiptasia(37·5%) andZoanthus(16%). Intracellular degeneration of zooxanthellae is greatest in the phagocytic cells of the trefoil forming the free end of the upper mesentery, but also occurs in other parts of the mesentery. The algal pellet extruded byPhyllactisconsists mostly of debris, testifying to the anemone's ability to break down its zooxanthellae.Aiptasia tagetesDuch.&Mich, shows only a simple phototactic response, has no algal‐damaging agent and very few degenerate zooxanthellae in its mesenteries, but it extrudes large numbers of its symbionts in all stages of the life h

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1977.tb03255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Adult material ofUpogebia darwini(Miers) obtained from Phuket (Thailand) is described and compared with the type specimens and other material deposited in the collections of the British Museum (Natural History).Three larval and one postlarval stages ofUpogebia darwiniare also described from material reared in the laboratory; comparison is made with otherUpogebialarvae.Variations in the adult as well as in the larval morphology are discussed.

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1977.tb03256.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The diet of Fallow deer (Dama damaL.) in the New Forest, Hampshire, was determined for the period November 1970 to March 1973 by analysing the rumen contents of 325 dead animals. Three main phases to the annual diet were recognized. From about March until September, grasses formed the principal food with herbs and broadleaf browse also of some importance. Acorns and mast were the characteristic food from September until about Christmas. Major winter foods included bramble, bilberry, grasses,Calluna, holly, ivy and browse from felled conifers. Fallow deer fed selectively; plants abundant in the New Forest which were seldom consumed includedErica tetralix, E. cinerea, Myricagale, Rhododendron ponticum, Ulex europea, Agrostis setacea, Deschampsia caespitosa, Motinia caerulea, most Juncaceae, Cyperaceae andPteridium aquilinum.

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1977.tb03257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The distribution, concentration and excretion of different carotenoids in the tissues of locust hoppers were investigated. Those reared in bright (1300 lx) light stored more and excreted less than specimens reared in dim (450 lx) light: 70% of the former were homo‐chromic and only 2% of the latter matched their background.Unlike the specimens investigated by Goodwin (1952) our insects stored xanthophylls in their body tissues, but lacked astaxanthin. Exuviae contained four carotenoid

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1977.tb03258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The embryonic and postnatal development of vertebrae of the mid‐trunk and mid‐tail inLacerta vivipara, Anguis fragilisandNatrix natrixhave been studied. Centra and neural arches develop independently after the perichordal tube has been formed, the neurocentral suture representing a consistent boundary between them. The condyle and cup of each centrum are formed by differential growth of cartilage; inAnguisandNatrixthe joints between centra are synovial. The zygosphenial joints ofLacerta arecontinuous with the zygapophysial joints and not separate from them as in snakes. The autotomy splits in the tail vertebrae ofLacertaare derived from four distinct components which become continuous in postnatal life. The chordal cartilage is not involved in the split format

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1977.tb03259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Features of the brain of this oceanic squid have been investigated and related, as far as possible, to its habits and mode of life. The body and arms are much vacuolated for buoyancy and the animal probably lives with the head upwards. The very long whip‐like tentacles are not vacuolated and perhaps hang downwards. They are covered by numerous minute pedunculated suckers, perhaps providing a sticky surface. A special nerve running outside the brain carries signals from the arms and tentacles to the magnocellular lobe, which is very large and of complex structure. However, there are no giant cells and the mantle is weak. Propulsion is mainly by the large fins, which are controlled from the magnocellular lobe, presumably using the information from the arms and tentacle

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1977.tb03260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Argyrosomus thorpeisp. n. is described from 11 specimens and compared with its closest relativesA. hololepidotusandA. amoyensis.

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1977.tb03261.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-8369    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1977.tb03254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY