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1. |
Sleep Anomalies in the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome |
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Neuropsychobiology,
Volume 35,
Issue 3,
1997,
Page 115-122
Benjamin Fischler,
Olivier Le Bon,
Guy Hoffmann,
Raymond Cluydts,
Leonard Kaufman,
Kenny De Meirleir,
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摘要:
Polysomnographic findings were compared between a group of patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS; n = 49) and a matched healthy control (HC) group (n = 20). Sleep initiation and sleep maintenance disturbances were observed in the CFS group. The percentage of stage 4 was significantly lower in the CFS group. A discriminant analysis allowed a high level of correct classification of CFS subjects and HC. Sleep-onset latency and the number of stage shifts/hour contributed significantly to the discriminant function. The presence of these anomalies as well as the decrease in stage 4 sleep were not limited to the patients also diagnosed with fibromyalgia or with a psychiatric disorder. No association was found between sleep disorders and the degree of functional status impairment. The mean REM latency and the percentage of subjects with a shortened REM latency were similar in CFS and HC.
ISSN:0302-282X
DOI:10.1159/000119331
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1997
数据来源: Karger
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2. |
Changes in Acute-Phase Proteins during Lithium Potentiation of Antidepressants in Refractory Depression |
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Neuropsychobiology,
Volume 35,
Issue 3,
1997,
Page 123-127
A. Sluzewska,
M. Sobieska,
J.K. Rybakowski,
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摘要:
This study was performed on 32 patients with refractory depression in whom lithium was added to antidepressant treatment in order to potentiate the therapeutic effect, and in 20 healthy controls. Plasma concentration of three acute-phase proteins (APPs): C-reactive protein, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) as well as microheterogeneity of AGP and ACT were measured, before and after 4 weeks of lithium addition to antidepressants. Before Li addition, all patients studied had elevated values of APPs, which suggested the existence of immunological activation. A significant decrease in plasma levels of all APPs and the decrease of glycosylation values of AGP and ACT was observed after Li potentiation. A favorable clinical effect of lithium potentiation after 4 weeks was found in 24 patients (75%). Nonresponders to Li potentiation differed from responsers by their immunological indices prior to Li addition. They had higher values of reactivity coefficients, which means more inflammatory patterns.
ISSN:0302-282X
DOI:10.1159/000119332
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1997
数据来源: Karger
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3. |
Plasma Levels of Cyclic GMP, Immune Parameters and Depressive Status during Interferon Therapy |
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Neuropsychobiology,
Volume 35,
Issue 3,
1997,
Page 128-131
Ariyuki Kagaya,
Yosuke Uchitomi,
Eiichi Takezaki,
Mayumi Fukue,
Ken Tsukano,
Akira Kugaya,
Hideaki Minagawa,
Minoru Takebayashi,
Hidenobu Zensho,
Takahiro Oyamada,
Shigeto Yamawaki,
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摘要:
In this report, we investigated the relationship between depressive symptoms and plasma interferon (IFN)-α-like immunoreactivity, cyclic GMP (cGMP) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels during IFN therapy. An altered mood state was observed in 5 of 26 patients. IFN-α-like immunoreactivity in the depressed group tended to be elevated. cGMP levels of depressed patients were significantly greater than those of control subjects before and 6 weeks after IFN therapy. However, sIL-2R levels were not different between the two groups. These results suggest that a number of patients suffered from depression during IFN therapy and that patients had greater concentrations of cGMP level
ISSN:0302-282X
DOI:10.1159/000119333
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1997
数据来源: Karger
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4. |
Pathophysiology and Psychopharmacology of Dementia – A New Study Design |
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Neuropsychobiology,
Volume 35,
Issue 3,
1997,
Page 132-142
R. Schellenberg,
A. Todorova,
W. Wedekind,
F. Schober,
W. Dimpfel,
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摘要:
The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 16-week study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of cyclandelate (Natil®, 1,600 mg/day) in 139 adult outpatients with cognitive impairment (70 allocated to cyclandelate; 69 to placebo). Quantitative-topological EEG, event-related potentials (P300) and psychophysiological interview-based rating scales were used. The efficacy of cyclandelate was demonstrated in the confirmatory statistical sense using a global Hailperin-Rüger test on 10 predefined primary variables at global significance level of 0.05 relating to psychopathology, psychometry, neuropsychophysiology and behavior. At psychopathological and behavioral level the reduction of the total scores of the rating scales (Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale, Sandoz Clinical Assessment Geriatric Scale, and Nürnberger Selbsteinschätzungs-Liste) following a 16-week therapy revealed also an individual significant cyclandelate-placebo distinction in the confirmatory statistical sense. A difference between verum and placebo was also observed by the increase of the number of correct answers during performance of the number symbol test (psychometrical level). The objective electrophysiological data (neuropsychophysiological level) support these findings. Of particular interest is that following cyclandelate treatment the absolute theta power remained almost unchanged and an increase of P300 amplitude was observed. At the same time placebo led to a distinct theta power increase and a decrease of P30o amplitude, which was interpreted as the reflection of an impairment of the initial clinical state. Summarizing, cyclandelate proved to be efficacious compared to placebo in patients with mild to moderate cognitive impairm
ISSN:0302-282X
DOI:10.1159/000119334
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1997
数据来源: Karger
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5. |
Glucocorticoids and Anabolic/Androgenic Steroids Inhibit the Synthesis of GABAergic Steroids in Rat Cortex |
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Neuropsychobiology,
Volume 35,
Issue 3,
1997,
Page 143-146
Jörg Stürenburg,
Ulrike Fries,
Klaus Kunze,
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摘要:
Cerebral side effects of therapy with glucocorticoids include mental alterations and behavioral disturbances such as nervousness, insomnia, changes in mood or psychological state and psychopathies of manic-depressive or schizophrenic type. We have investigated the effects of glucocorticoids, anabolic/androgenic steroids and the 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor N, N-bis (1-methyl)-3-oxo-4-aza-5-alpha-androstane-17-beta-carboxamide (1-MAC) on the synthesis of the GABAergic steroids 5-alpha-pregnane-3.20-dione (5-alpha-dihy-droprogesterone) and 5-alpha-pregnane-3-alpha-ol-20-one (5-alpha-tetrahy-droprogesterone) in rat cortex in vitro. We found potent inhibition of proges-terone-3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3-alpha-HSDH) by prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone and fluocortolone. Inhibition of progesterone 5-alpha-reductase by glucocorticoids was not found. In addition, inhibition of 3-alpha-HSDH and 5-alpha-reductase by androgenic/anabolic steroids and inhibition of 5-alpha-reductase by 1-MAC could be demonstrated. The inhibition of progesterone metabolism in the cerebral cortex by exogenous steroids might lead to altered neuronal activity. We conclude that this mechanism could induce the cerebral side effects, such as mental modifications and behavioral disturbances, of the drugs investigated.
ISSN:0302-282X
DOI:10.1159/000119335
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1997
数据来源: Karger
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6. |
Assessment of Cognitive Performance after Progesterone Administration in Healthy Male Volunteers |
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Neuropsychobiology,
Volume 35,
Issue 3,
1997,
Page 147-151
Georg Grön,
Elisabeth Friess,
Martin Herpers,
Rainer Rupprecht,
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摘要:
Administration of progesterone produces sleep EEG patterns that resemble those of agonistic modulators at the GABAA receptor. Previous studies evaluating the effects of an oral progesterone administration on attention performance in females pointed to putative sedative effects of progesterone at high dosages. However, no data are available whether progesterone dosages that influence sleep produce sedative hangover effects on the following morning. Therefore, we assessed the effects of a single oral dose of 300 mg micronized progesterone administered in the evening on cognitive performance parameters in male healthy volunteers on the following morning using a placebo-controlled double-blind crossover design. There was a great variability in bioavailability following progesterone intake. The administration of progesterone produced no consistent effects on attention performance. Thus, dosages of progesterone that are sufficient to modulate sleep are not likely to exert sedative hangover effects.
ISSN:0302-282X
DOI:10.1159/000119336
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1997
数据来源: Karger
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7. |
Relationship between the Effects of a Hypnotic Drug, Zopiclone, on Polysomnography and on Daytime EEGs |
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Neuropsychobiology,
Volume 35,
Issue 3,
1997,
Page 152-155
Hiroshi Yamadera,
Masaaki Kato,
Yasuji Tsukahara,
Naohumi Kajimura,
Teruo Okuma,
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摘要:
The correlation between the effects of zopiclone (ZPC), a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drug, on sleep polysomnograms and on daytime EEGs was examined in 12 healthy adult male volunteers. Sleep polysomnograms were recorded after a single oral administration of ZPC 10 mg or placebo according to the double-blind crossover method. Daytime EEGs were recorded after the administration of ZPC, 7.5 mg, or placebo in the same manner, and recorded for 3 min with closed eyes at rest. Then, square roots of the absolute power (amplitude) of the δ-, θ-, α-, and β-activities were calculated from the power spectrum obtained by the fast Fourier transform method. As a result, ZPC decreased the percentage of stage 1 sleep in total sleep time, while it increased the percentage of stage 2, total sleep time, and time of slow wave sleep in the first and second sleep cycles (SWS 1 and 2). Changes in SWS 1 and 2 correlated positively with the amplitude changes in daytime resting δ-activity. This indicates that the increase of SWS due to ZPC could be related to the changes of δ-activity in the daytime resting
ISSN:0302-282X
DOI:10.1159/000119337
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1997
数据来源: Karger
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8. |
9th Biennial Symposium of the International Pharmaco-EEG Society (IPEG) |
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Neuropsychobiology,
Volume 35,
Issue 3,
1997,
Page 156-173
D. Lehmann,
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ISSN:0302-282X
DOI:10.1159/000119338
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1997
数据来源: Karger
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9. |
Author Index (Abstracts) |
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Neuropsychobiology,
Volume 35,
Issue 3,
1997,
Page 174-174
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PDF (151KB)
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ISSN:0302-282X
DOI:10.1159/000119401
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1997
数据来源: Karger
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