摘要:

Previous evidence suggests an increased cardiovascular morbidity in patients with panic disorder. In this study, we compared 24-hour ECG in patients with panic disorder (n = 22; age: 36.1 ± 7.6 years) and healthy controls (n = 21; age: 34.6 ± 10.0 years). The QTC intervals during the day or night were not significantly different between patients and controls. Ventricular ectopic beats were also not significantly different between the two groups. These results do not suggest any overt cardiac arrhythmias in this age group of patients with panic disorde

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119340

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Iron plays a role in the regulation of dopaminergic activity. In the present study, nonanemic children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were evaluated with regard to heme and nonheme iron metabolism and the effect of short-term iron administration on behavior. The study group consisted of 14 boys aged 7–11 years. All first underwent testing to rule out other psychiatric and medical problems. The severity of the ADHD symptoms was determined by parent and teacher scores on the Connors Rating Scale. Thereafter, each patient received an iron preparation (Ferrocal), 5 mg/kg/day for 30 days. Blood samples were taken before and after drug administration. Results showed a significant increase in serum ferritin levels (from 25.9 ± 9.2 to 44.6 ±18 ng/ml) and a significant decrease on the parents’ Connors Rating Scale scores (from 17.6 ± 4.5 to 12.7 ± 5.4). There were no changes in other blood parameters or in the teachers’ scores on the rating scale. The effect of iron supplementation on the behavioral and cognitive symptoms in noniron-deficient ADHD children merits further investigation using a placebo-control

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119341

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The objective was to determine whether a relationship exists among the complement C4B gene, a DR region gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thirty-one subjects with ADHD, their mothers, all but 5 of their fathers, and 90 normal subjects living in northern Utah were studied. DR and C4B typing were performed by serologic HLA typing techniques and the DNA methods PCR-RFLP. The alleles of 2 genes, the null allele of the C4B gene and the β1 allele of the DR gene, encode for products involved in immune function and regulation. Each of these alleles was found to be significantly associated with ADHD. Moreover, approximately 55% of the ADHD subjects carried both of these alleles on 1 of their chromosomes, compared to only 8% of normal controls. Genes related to the immune system may be associated with development of the symptoms of ADHD

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119342

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Studies to elucidate changes in the contents of ulinastatin-like immunoreactive substance (UTIRS) and α1 -microglobulin-like immunoreactive substance (α1MIRS) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with dementia were performed. Levels of UTIRS in the dementia group were significantly (p < 0.01) lower than those in dementia-free subjects. In addition, lower levels of UTIRS were registered in subjects afflicted with a higher severity of dementia. However, the levels of αlMIRS were not affected in the dementia group compared with dementia-free subjects. Neither UTIRS nor α1MIRS contents were related to the existence and stages of Parkinson’s disease. These results suggest that UTIRS levels in the CSF are associated with the severity of dem

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119402

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Early N1P2 and late N2P3 responses generated in an auditory oddball paradigm are topographically compared in three psychiatric patient groups. In schizophrenia N1 and N2 amplitude is comparable with dementia and significantly decreased with respect to affective disorder. In contrast, P3 amplitude does not allow discriminating schizophrenia from affective disorder but is significantly diminished in dementia. The late N2P3 response shows a topographic effect along the fronto-occipital axis. Schizophrenia is characterized by an iCNV and N2 maximum over the frontal planes and a compound P3 lacking distinct frontal and parietal components. The findings are discussed in reference to literature data and current hypotheses/theories concerning information processing. Our findings favour an important dysfunction of automatic processing including early selection in schizophrenia.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119343

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Clozapine is an atypical neuroleptic drug that was initially thought not to cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). The authors report a case of NMS associated with clozapine use, developed in a patient without previous history of NMS. Considering that 13 such cases (including ours) have been reported so far, NMS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a febrile patient treated with clozapine.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119344

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of the chronic administration of the sigma ligand JO 1784 (igmesine) CRF-induced changes in some behavioural, immune, endocrine and neurotransmitter parameters were studied. In the elevated plus maze, CRF (1.0 µg i.c.v. daily × 5 days) induced a reduction in the number of entries and time spent on the open arms was significantly attenuated by the sigma ligand JO 1784 (3 mg/kg × 21 days) treatment. In the ‘open field’ apparatus, the CRF-induced increase in the locomotor activity was also reduced by JO 1784 administration. JO 1784 treatment did not alter the concentration of the biogenic amine transmitters in the hypothalamus, nor reverse the increase in the turnover of serotonin and dopamine caused by CRF. JO 1784 treatment also failed to reverse a CRF-induced increase in the serum corticosterone, but it did reverse the reduction in phytohaemagglutinin and concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte proliferation caused by CRF but not the changes in the lymphocyte and neutrophil numbers caused by the peptide. These results demonstrate that JO 1784 has some antistress properties in CRF-treate

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119345

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An initial sample of 120 healthy young men was screened by a personality questionnaire and 15 subjects each with highest and lowest scores respectively on emotionality (emotionally labile, EL subjects and emotionally stable, ES subjects) were recruited for a study on the relationship between the degree of emotionality and the basal secretion of stress-sensitive hormones during nighttime. The nocturnal urinary excretion of cortisol, testosterone, adrenaline, noradrenaline and melatonin was measured over a period of 5 consecutive nights. The average amounts of each hormone excreted per night were not different between the two extreme groups. The variability of the excretion during the 5 nights of cortisol and testosterone, but not of adrenaline, noradrenaline and melatonin, was significantly higher in EL compared to ES subjects. The larger fluctuations in the nocturnal secretion of these two (and no other) hormones in EL subjects indicate that emotional lability is associated with a more labile regulation of cortisol and testosterone secretion. The observed intraindividual variability of basal stress hormone secretion may contribute to the vast interindividual variability noticed in psychoneuroendocrine stress research, especially in emotionally labile subjects.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119346

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The EEG effects of 3 intravenous sedative drugs from different chemical families were studied during conscious sedation in 47 normal volunteers. The drugs studied were midazolam (a benzodiazepine), propofol (an alkylphenol) and thiopental (a barbiturate). Though these drugs cause different degrees of amnesia, they have the common EEG effects of suppressing α-rhythm and increasing total β-power. A large portion of the increase in β-power can be accounted for by β-rhythms. We used the UNIFAC-EEG technique to differentiate oscillatory systems underlying the rhythms induced by these drugs in a quantitative fashion. While thiopental induced β-rhythms which were similar to those appearing during drowsiness, midazolam and propofol induced β-rhythms with substantially different characteristics. The differences between the β-rhythms induced by drug infusion and previously described ‘sleep spindles’ are discussed. We conclude that a quantitative analysis of β-rhythms can differentiate the effects of these drugs

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119347

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This article describes an approach to selecting the most efficient classifier for rat sleep staging (waking, REM sleep and NREM sleep) discrimination. Three conventional (bayesian, linear, and euclidean) and two neural network (multilayer perceptrons integrating or not integrating contextual information) classifiers were compared. For each classifier, performances were presented in the form of a statistical concordance matrix comparing classifier results versus human expert results on 6 24-hour records (1 record per animal). Comparison between classifiers was based on the estimation and accuracy of global agreements. Interest was also focused on REM sleep state discrimination. The results show that neural network classifiers are appropriate tools to be integrated in an automatic rat sleep-wake stage system. The approach presented should help scientists in choosing a method of data classification.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000119348

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger