摘要:

Peptide YY (PYY), a recently discovered peptide, is a potent stimulant of eating behavior in rats. We developed a radioimmunoassay for PYY and measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels in subjects with anorexia nervosa, bulimia and matched normal controls. Bulimics who had abstained from bingeing for 30 days showed a dramatic increase in CSF PYY levels compared to normal values (p < 0.001) or their own values when actively bingeing (p < 0.01, paired t test). No differences were seen for anorexia nervosa. These results suggest that bulimic behavior may correct a central nervous system abnormality in PYY.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000118446

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The erythrocyte membrane transport (MT) of L-tyrosine (TYR) and L-tryptophan (TRP) and their plasma concentration showed abnormal mean values in 37 depressed patients compared to control subjects before treatment. The pattern of these abnormal values differed according to the clinical subgroup (DSM III criteria). In bipolar disorders the TYR values were all low and the TRP values showed little change, except a low level of plasma TRP. In major depressions, MT were abnormal (MT TYR low, MT TRP high) with a very low plasma TRP. In dysthymic disorders the TYR and TRP values were normal. The normalization of the above biochemical variables was significantly correlated with the clinical improvement; however, the plasma concentration of TRP remained abnormal in some patients who had recovered. In contrast, only plasma TYR and TRP were significantly increased in patients without recovery.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000118447

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a multicenter clinical trial, two dosages of glycosaminoglycan polysulfate were compared in patients with primary degenerative dementia and multi-infarct dementia. Psychopathologic symptoms were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). A factor analysis of this scale revealed four factors in this population. During the clinical trial, significant improvements were noted on the primary BPRS factor (i.e. depressive withdrawal), as well as on total BPRS score. There was a tendency for greater improvement in the primary degenerative dementia group than in the multi-infarct dementia group.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000118448

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Piracetam, when applied microiontophoretically and/or by hydropneumatic pump on the somatosensory cortex and hippocampus of the rat, affected neuronal activity by depressing or facilitating the spontaneous firing rate, depending on the area studied. Its effects were either additive or counteracting the actions of glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid and acetylcholine, when administered together on the same neuron, thus supporting the assumption that its action is directed towards specific membrane elements, presumably the synaptic sites.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000118449

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000118450

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Little is known about the implication of central GABAergic neurons. However, there is evidence suggesting a growing importance of GABAergic function in the action of antidepressants. Since streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats have been shown to be resistant to the action of various antidepressants, we were interested in evaluating the density of GABAergic receptor binding sites in the cortex of STZ-diabetic rats on day 15 and day 30 of diabetes. A specific and marked decrease in GABA B receptor density was observed with no change in GABA A. Although no clear relationship could be demonstrated, it may be suggested that a central GABAergic dysfunction of diabetic rats may contribute to explain their resistance to antidepressants.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000118451

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A comparative study performed in psychosomatic patients (PG) and healthy subjects (HG) reveals several correlations between personality measurements (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Sensation Seeking Scale, Susceptibility to Punishment), and biochemical variables (in serum: MHPG, acetylcholinesterase, calcium, melatonin; and in platelets: monoamine oxidase B, serotonin, calcium, proteins). The relationship between some Sensation Seeking subscales and the enzymatic activities evaluated (negative with MAO and positive with AChase) and the opposite sign relationship between serotonin and some scales of MMPI in both groups studied (negative in the PG and positive in the HG) are noteworthy.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000118452

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study the influence of a cholinergic nootropic (WEB 1881 FU) on event-related brain potentials (ERPs) related to memory performance was investigated. Two different encoding modes were imposed on the subjects, who had to memorize word lists. No significant drug effects were obtained on memory performance and the ERP-concomitant of encoding, the Dm, while ERP effects related to memory were clearly present. However, the two dosages of the drug significantly influenced the overall amplitude of the late cognitive ERP components, suggesting its effect on cognitive processes.

ISSN:0302-282X    

DOI:10.1159/000118453

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger