摘要:

SummarySerial measurements of serum creatine kinase isoenzymes were done from birth to 15 days of age in healthy premature infants, infants with perinatal or neonatal asphyxia and infants without asphyxia but with miscellaneous problems. Serum brain-specific fraction of creatine kinase (CK-BB) activity was higher in cord than in maternal serum (P< 0.01). In healthy infants, the serum activity of heart- and muscle-specific fractions of creatine kinase increased after birth, reached a plateau between 12 and 48 hr, and then declined, whereas the serum CK-BB decreased rapidly after birth and remained stable between 6 hr and 15 days. Compared to controls, infants with severe asphyxia and neurologic damage had a significant rise in serum CK-BB (P< 0.001). When the peak CK-BB level exceeded 35 IU/liter the mortality was high (83%). The increase in CK-BB was not observed in infants who received pentobarbital shortly after the episode of asphyxia. Diseases of the lung, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and abruptio placentae were not associated with increases of serum creatine kinase isoenzymes.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryTen infants and children (mean age, 44 months), who had recovered from protracted infantile diarrhea with no sequelae, underwent detailed investigations of cholate metabolism using the isotope dilution technique. Cholate pool size was 1011 ± 73 mg/ m2, (x ± S.E.), synthetic rate was 358 ± 58 mg/m2/day, and the fractional turnover rate was 0.359 ± 0.049 days-1. Pool size, unconnected for body surface area differences, was shown to increase directly with body size (r= 0.827;P= 0.002) and age (r= 0.724;P= 0.009). The fractional turnover rate varied inversely with age (r−0.656;P= 0.02), surface area (r= −0.642;P= 0.023), and pool size (r= −0.703;P= 0.012) and directly with synthesis (r= 0.878;P< 0.001). Infants and children have an intact enterohepatic circulation of cholate; the pool size and the mechanisms which regulate synthesis are similar to adults. The progressive enlargement of pool size with age is associated with an age-related increase in intraluminal bile salt concentrations which ensures normal intraluminal fat digestion and solubilization.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryThe effect of 100 mg of phenobarbital (PB) at bedtime for the last few wk of pregnancy on the incidence and severity of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was studied. No effect was observed in the newborns of mothers who took less than ten tablets. In the 1310 newborns of adequately treated mothers (PB ≥ 1.0 g), the incidence of marked jaundice (bilirubin > 16.0 mg/dl) and the need to perform an exchange transfusion were reduced by a factor of six in relation to the incidence in 1553 control infants.A randomly selected group of 415 children (182 control, 233 PB) were reexamined at 61 to 82 months of age. There was no difference in the overall morbidity and mortality between the control and treatment group. A detailed neurologic assessment failed to reveal any differences between the two groups. In the VisuoMotor Integration test, the PB group scored significantly better than the control group. In the Draw-A-Woman and the Verbal Intelligence Test, the difference was in the same direction but was not statistically significant. The degree of jaundice was not found to significantly influence the performance in the neurological examination and the intelligence tests. Sensorineural hearing defect was significantly more common in the children with moderate or marked jaundice (bilirubin > 12 mg/dl) than in those with lesser degrees of jaundice.Prenatal PB is a practical, effective, and safe method for decreasing the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryIn 46 intestinal specimens from infants 2 hr to 6 months old, the numbers of immunoglobulin-containing cells were counted by the direct immunofluorescent or direct immunoperoxidase technique. A restudy was made of biopsy specimens taken for diagnostic purposes, 34 from the rectum and 3 from the transverse colon of 30 infants at the Children's Hospital, Helsinki in 1971–1977, and in addition, of autopsy material recently collected from the intestines of 9 infants. Up to the age of 12 days, no immunoglobulin-containing cells were seen. A small number (1 to 2) of IgM-containing cells was seen in the lymph nodes of the 2 earlier specimens taken at the ages of 6 and 12 days. A rectal specimen from a 12-day-old infant showed 24 IgA- and 60 IgM-containing cells/mm2. In rectal specimens of infants less than 1 month old, the mean number of IgM-containing cells (26/mm2) was higher than that of IgA-containing cells (14/mm2), but older infants had a significantly higher mean number of IgA-containing cells (P< 0.01). The mean number of IgM-containing cells was the same in children 1 to 3 months (53 cells/mm2) and 3 to 6 months of age (59 cells/mm2), whereas the mean number of IgA-containing cells increased with age up to 6 months (112 and 163 cells/mm2). The youngest infant who had IgG-containing cells was 13 days old, although positive staining of intercellular spaces in the lamina propria and of the capillary endothelium by anti-IgG serum was observed in all specimens. The mean number of IgG-containing cells was low (5 cells/mm2) in all age groups. Sparse IgE-contain-ing cells (less than 12/mm2) were seen in 4 of the 46 specimens. In 5 patients, 2 or 3 consecutive specimens were available for the study; in these, the increase in the numbers of IgA- and IgM-containing cells was similar to the mean increase in cell numbers for the series as a whole.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryA total of 40 skin fibroblast cultures from pediatric cases of lactic acidosis were subjected to a series of tests designed to elucidate the nature of an underlying defect in metabolism. Of these 40 cases, in 14 we were able to define the following problems. Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency was evident in five cases showing <10% normal activity. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency was evident in one case where the whole cells showed 17% of normal activity whereas the mitochondrial activity of this enzyme was 6% of normal. Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency was present in six cases showing 8 to 39% of normal activity, five of them being due to deficient pyruvate decarboxylase activity and one of them being due to deficient dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity. Two cases were found with normal enzymes of pyruvate metabolism in which the production of14CO2from [3-14C]pyruvate was deficient at 13 and 28% of normal activity, respectively, which we consider to be indicative of reduced activity of the Krebs' cycle. The grounds for the diagnosis of these 14 affected cases are documented, and the clinical presentation of these enzyme deficiencies is assessed in the light of present knowledge about lactic acidosis.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID