摘要:

In conjunction with 400 ng/ml murine monoclonal antibody of the IgM class, cord neutrophils were able to kill K1-positiveEscherichia coliin anin vitroopsonophagocytic assay. Neither adult nor cord neutrophils mediated bacterial killing in the absence of this monoclonal antibody. This bactericidal capacity was observed with eight of 11 (73%) but not all cord neutrophil samples, and under conditions of bacteria to neutrophil ratios as high as 15:1. Increasing the monoclonal antibody concentration up to 12 μg/ml paradoxically resulted in significantly lower amounts of bacterial killing. All 11 cord serum samples had sufficient complement activity to permit this monoclonal antibody to function; however, neonatal cerebrospinal fluid was not an effective complement source. We conclude that this monoclonal antibody may be a useful adjunct to conventional therapy of invasive disease caused by K1-positiveE. coli; but it would have to work at the bacteremic phase of infection.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Insulin receptors are present on fetal and newborn tissues in significantly greater numbers than on adult tissues. Recent studies have suggested that membrane fluidity, which is dependent upon lipid constituents, is important in regulating the appearance and behavior of insulin receptors. We have compared the lipid composition and fluidity as well as insulin receptor binding to monocytes from normal adults and full term normal infants.Newborn infants had significantly higher insulin levels than did fasting adults (17.4 ± 2.4versus9.8 ± 0.6 μU/ml;P< 0.001); despite this, cord blood monocytes showed significantly higher125I-insulin tracer binding than did those of adults (9.5 ± 0.51versus7.6 ± 0.45%/107cells;P< 0.02). From Scatchard analysis, it was evident that cord monocytes had greater numbers of both high (2.94versus1.25 x 10-10M-1) and low affinity (13.1versus8.57 x 10-10M-1) receptors than adult monocytes.Cord mononuclear cells had significantly lower phospholipid concentrations than adult cells (0.085 ± 0.012versus129 ± 0.012 mg/mg of protein;P< 0.025) and significant elevations of cholesterol/phospholipid ratios (0.520 ± 0.045versus0.354 ± 0.009;P< 0.005). Microviscosity determinations were performed using the fluorescent probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene. Cord cells had significantly greater microviscosity values (fluorescence polarization) (0.339 ± 0.030versus0.186 ± 0.019;P< 0.005), compared to adult cells. For all subjects, a highly significant correlation was noted between cell microviscosity measurements (fluorescence polarization) and125I-insulin tracer binding to mononuclear cells (r= 0.72,n= 15,P< 0.005).The data support the concept that as membrane fluidity decreases (i.e.viscosity increases) intrinsic proteins including receptors are displaced outward, increasing their exposure to the aqueous environment.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Active transport of Na and K under physiologic and maximally stressed conditions was identical innormaladult red blood cells (RBC) and term neonatal erythrocytes. These results are consistent with the previous observation that Na-K ATPase is the same innormaladult RBC and term neonatal erythrocytes. These data, however, are at variance with a previous observation that active K transport is impaired in neonatal erythrocytes. The most reasonable explanation for this difference relates to inherent problems with the use of radioisotopes which were used in previousin vitrostudies of cation transport.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The use of auditory brainstem response (ABR) for assessment of hearing in the neonate has not been without challenge. Although numerous articles have appeared, agreement regarding the utility of neonatal ABR testing does not exist. In review of the current studies and commentaries, a clear majority are favorable to neonatal ABR testing. These studies along with current test procedures are discussed.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To elucidate the pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia in chronic renal disease in children and adolescents, we have measured serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and activities of postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) in nine patients with transplants, and nine hemodialyzed and 18 conservatively treated patients with chronic renal failure. In 29 of 36 patients, serum insulin levels both in fasting and in response to oral glucose load were measured. The lipase activities were measured separately, utilizing antiserum against hepatic triglyceride lipase.All groups of patients had hypertriglyceridemia. The patients with endogenous creatinine clearance less than 20 ml/min/m2had a low HDL-C level. The HDL-C level was correlated inversely with serum triglyceride level and positively with glomerular filtration rate. The lipoprotein lipase activities were low in patients with endogenous creatinine clearance less than 20 ml/min/m2. Although hepatic triglyceride lipase activities were not significantly low in any groups of patients, they were correlated with glomerular filtration rates in the conservatively treated patients with chronic renal failure. A defective triglyceride removal due to low lipase activities may contribute to uremic hypertriglyceridemia in these patients. On the other hand, patients with transplants had almost normal lipase activities and exhibited hyperinsulinemia; overproduction of triglyceride due to hyperinsulinemia may contribute to their hypertriglyceridemia.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID