摘要:

Right and left ventricular volumes were calculated from bi-plane cineangiograms using a previously descriped parallelepiped method. Seventeen children, 1 month-10 years of age, were studied. Mean right ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV) was 64 ml/m2for infants, 78 ml/m2for children. Mean right ventricular end-systolic volume (ESV) was 30 ml/m2for both age groups. Left ventricular EDV and ESV were smaller than their right ventricular correlates by 23% and 56%, respectively. Mean right ventricular ejection fraction was 0.52 for infants and 0.61 for children. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 0.79 and 0.74, respectively.Speculation Cineangiographic determination of right and left ventricular volumes from a single contrast injection provides an excellent method to simultaneously evaluate hemodynamic performance of the two ventricles. Analysis of frame to frame volume changes, coupled with exact measurements of ventricular pressure changes, may allow calculation of ventricular distensibility and contractility.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Functional and morphologic studies of fibrin formation in the presence of a variety of cancer chemotherapeutic agentsin vitroshowed that some of these drugs cause fibrinolysis, inactivation of fibrin-stabilizing factor (FSF), or a combination of both. The drugs with most potent activity are 5-[3,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-triazeno]imidazole-4-carboxamide (TIC mustard), 5-fluorouracil, nitrogen mustard, adriamycin, and daunomycin. These changes were dose related.Speculation Interference with fibrin formation by anticoagulation has been associated with reduced implantability of tumor emboli in experimental systems. This study presents evidence that some cancer chemotherapeutic agents have chemical properties of an anticoagulant nature. In addition to any influence on cell multiplication, high pulse doses of adjuvant chemotherapy at the time of tumor manipulation such as surgery may interfere with fibrin formation around tumor emboli and discourage metastatic implantation.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Duodenal biopsies from patients with acrodermatitis enteropathica were examined by electron microscopy and dissecting microscopy. The ultrastructural studies revealed characteristic inclusions in Paneth cells with a maximum length of 7 μm. These findings were constant in four different patients. A follow-up study in one patient showed the same alterations before and after treatment.The biochemical defect of acrodermatitis enteropathica is unknown and, therefore, typical ultrastructural alterations challenge one to investigate the nature of the included material.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Neutral glycosphingolipids and sulfatides, as well as sphingomyelin, were studied in the brain of 34 newborn infants with gestational ages ranging from 22 to 45 weeks. The analyses were carried out in homogenates of whole cerebrum. The infants were considered to be free of any important cause of cerebral damage. Neutral glycosphingolipids and sulfatides were expressed by their content in hexose. Sphingomyelin was separated from other lipids by column chromatography and alkaline hydrolysis, and was expressed by its phosphorus content. The figures were plottedversusgestational ages. The index, brain weight/body weight per cent, was plotted against gestational ages in order to compare the increase of brain weight with the deposition of lipids.The 3rd trimester of human gestation is a period during which the increase in brain weight and developmental processes proceed at a very high velocity. The study of a wide series of human brains obtained under the same conditions from newborn infants with a narrow range of gestational ages makes it possible to follow the biochemical changes from an early stage of maturation. This allows minimal variations to be detected in a period of maximal sensitivity.Sphingomyelin and neutral glycosphingolipids and sulfatides were chosen for the purpose of tracing the way in which the developmental changes proceed. The chronologic relation between biochemical changes and brain weight increase was considered also.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The fatty acids of total phosphoglycerides (TPG), ethanolamine phosphoglycerides (EPG), and choline phosphoglycerides (CPG) were obtained by mild alkaline transmethylation from lipid extracts of whole cerebrum and then analyzed by gas chromatography. A complete brain hemisphere from each of the 34 newborn infants reported previously was homogenized and its lipids extracted according to the procedure specified in that report. As the gestational age of the children went up, a statistically significant increase of the n-3/n-6 ratio and, especially, of the 22:4(n-6)/22:5(n-6) index was observed. Other ratios, such as the n-6/n-9 and the 18:0/18:1(n-9), were also studied in the fatty acid patterns of EPG and CPG. Both of them showed significant increases with the gestational age of the infants. The [22:4(n-6) + 22:5(n-6)]/20:4(n-6) index, an indicator of the elongation process of arachidonic acid, on the other hand, did not show appreciable changes with maturation in TPG during this period of life. When ethanolamine and choline phosphoglycerides were analyzed separately, however, the elongation of arachidonic acid did rise with the gestational age in the former whereas it decreased in the latter.As intrauterine maturation of the human brain progresses, changes in the polyunsaturated fatty acid patterns, contrary to those observed in undernourished animals, take place. Among these changes, the increase of the n-3 family fatty acids and the decrease of the 22:5(n-6), reported in humans during the entire life span, can already be found in such early stages of life as selected for this study and within so narrow a range of gestational ages.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Twelve hypopituitary patients ranging in age from 5 8/12 to 15 7/12 years were treated for 12 months with a standardized dose of human growth hormone (HGH), 0.1 or 0.05 U/kg three times weekly). From the 7th to 12th month inclusive, fluoxymesterone, 2.5 mg/m2/24 hr per os was given in combination with the growth hormone. From the 12th to the 18th month, no therapy was given. Heights and weights were recorded every 1 or 2 months. Bone age films were assessed at the onset and again in the 6th, 12th, and 18th month of the study.In the first 6 months of HGH therapy, the mean growth rate (centimeters per year ± SD) was 9.4 ± 2.3. During combined treatment with HGH and fluoxymesterone, the mean growth rate of 13.4 ± 3 was significantly greater (P< 0.001) than on HGH alone. Post-treatment mean growth rate from the 13th through 18th month, inclusive, was 2.7 ± 1.2. Weight gain (kilograms per year ± SD) during combined treatment (13 ± 7) was significantly greater (P< 0.001) than during HGH administration (3.4 ± 2.4). Mean advancement in bone maturation (months ± SD) during HGH (12 ± 7.7) was not significantly different from the mean gain in bone age during combined treatment (12 ± 12). In the final 6 months without any therapy, the mean gain in bone age was 8.8 ± 6.1. In the 18 months of study, the mean increase in bone age was 33 months, and the mean gain in height age (HA) was 23 months.Although final evaluation of this treatment program depends upon a longer period of observation, the immediate assessment suggests that the significant improvements in height, weight, and physical appearance were sufficient to compensate for the gains in bone maturation, especially since the patients who entered the study had markedly retarded bone ages.HGH and androgens interact synergistically. Androgens stimulate HGH secretion in intact animals. In the hypopituitary state, androgens require the addition of HGH for optimal promotion of optimal growth and secondary sexual development.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The growth of children with chronic renal disease is poor and the cause of this stunting is not known. Various factors have ben implicated and it is difficult to evaluate their relative importance in clinical studies. Accordingly, there is a need for an animal model, preferably one which enables the effect on growth of a number of factors to be studied separately and over a reasonably short period of time. The growth and food intake of male and female rats rendered uremic by 5/6 nephrectomy was observed between 40 and 70 days of age for male rats and between 35 and 70 days of age for female rats. Final mean body weight for males with uremia (243 g ± 32 g) was significantly less than for control males (323 g ± 24 g); final mean body weights for female rats were also significantly different (172 g ± 17 g; 223 g ± 21 g). The differences in body weight were apparent from 50 days onwards. Final tail length was significantly less in female uremic rats compared with their control subjects (173 mm ± 8 mm; 183 mm ± 7 mm). Uremic rats matched for body weight with control rats consumed significantly fewer calories; for both groups the average difference was about 15%. Multiple regression analysis of weight gain against age and calorie intake suggests that there may be an increase in the calorie cost of growth in rats with uremia, but these findings require confirmation in paired feeding studies.These studies suggest that this rat model can be used for the investigation of alterations in energy balance, body composition, and metabolic functions in uremia. It should be possible to study the effects of single variables in the pathogenesis of growth retardation by appropriate manipulations halfway through the growth period.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Peripheral uptake of triglyceride from plasma was investigated by intravenous fat tolerance tests and by postheparin lipoprotein lipase measurements in children with different types of glycogen storage disease.The patients with a glucose 6-phosphatase deficiency were characterized by a significantly diminished triglyceride elimination rate (5.79 ± 2.78%/min) and 5-min postheparin lipoprotein lipase activity (40.2 ± 23 μEq fatty acid (FA)/liter/min). The patients with a deficiency of debranching enzyme showed a significantly diminished triglyceride elimination rate (4.84 ± 1.61%/min) whereas the 5-min postheparin lipoprotein lipase activities did not significantly differ from the control values (49.6 ± 27.7 μEq FA/liter/min).The patients with a deficiency of the phosphorylase system showed neither a significantly diminished triglyceride elimination rate (7.34 ± 2.65%/min) nor a diminished 5-min postheparin lipoprotein lipase activity (61.7 ± 30.1 μEq FA/liter/ min).Triglyceride elimination rates were correlated positively with plasma lipoprotein lipase activities (r = 0.55,P< 0.05).The dietary treatment of hyperlipidemia in hepatic glycogenosis might be based on the outcome of the intravenous fat tolerance test, a low fat clearance being an indication for a low fat, high carbohydrate diet, a normal fat tolerance for a high fat low carbohydrate diet.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Several properties of β-galactosidase obtained from brains of controls and patients with Gm1gangliosidosistypesIandIIwere studied. The pH optimum ofβ-galactosidase was 4 in both fetal and control brain. In contrast, the pH optimum of brainβ-galactosidase in patients with eithertype Iortype IIGm1gangliosidosis was 3. The residualβ-galactosidase activity in brains of bothtype Iandtype IIpatients was approximately 27% and 6% of the control values when assayed at pH 3 and 4, respectively. Differences in the thermostability ofβ-galactosidase in control,type I, andtype IIpatients were observed.On both cellulose acetate and starch gel electrophoresis, brains fromtype Ipatients, but not fromtype IIpatients had aβ-galactosidase band which migrated towards the anode with a mobility different from that in control brains.The two clinical phenotypes of Gm1gangliosidosis are determined by mutational events which occur either at different loci of a gene or at different genes. In addition, both disorders appear to be the result of structural gene mutations.

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0031-3998    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1974

数据来源: OVID