摘要:

Old World monkeys and apes have been reported to differ from New World monkeys in their abilities to discriminate colors across the visible spectrum. Old World monkeys and apes (Macaca, Pan, Pongö) discriminate colors quite accurately, while some New World monkeys studied {Saimiri, Cebus) have shown lower sensitivity to and poorer discrimination of long wavelength light. This study examined the color discrimination ability of another New World primate, the cotton-top tamarin, Saguinus oedipus oedipus (family Callitrichidae). The tamarins were trained to discriminate a set of Munsell color chips, both within the same hue category and from the 2 hue categories on either side of the training hue. Results indicated that the cotton-top tamarin can make accurate discriminations across the visible spectrum. Human subjects were tested under similar conditions in order to compare their color discrimination abilities to those of the tamarins. The tamarins and human subjects had the most difficulty discriminating the same hues. The discrimination abilities of the monkeys were assessed in relation to the coloration of fruits eaten in a natural environment. A list of the species of fruits commonly eaten by various species of New World monkeys was compiled and the coloration of fruits at maturity was noted. It was found that most New World primate species eat fruits whose mature coloration ranges across most of the spectrum

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000156309

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Morphological adaptations to climbing (a scansorial mode of quadrupedal, arboreal locomotion practised on twigs and small branches) are identified by relating anatomical details of limb bones to a sample of 6,136 instantaneous observational recordings on the positional behavior and support uses of 20 different free-ranging, adult red howlers. Our findings are used to infer the original habitat in which proto-red howlers may have acquired such adaptations and to hypothesize that climbing and its related anatomy are a primitive condition for anthropoids.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000156310

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Variability in diet and dietary overlap were documented for the three species of primates in Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica (Ateles geoffroyi, Alouatta palliata, Cebus capucinus). All three species exhibited great flexibility in their diets, such that in 1 month a monkey species could be considered as having one type of diet (e.g. frugivorous), while in a subsequent month it would be classified as having a different type of diet (e.g. folivorous or insectivorous). It is suggested that such variability in diet and dietary overlap make it unlikely that competition just between these primate species was a strong selective pressure determining their diets.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000156311

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000156312

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000156313

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000156314

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger