摘要:

Observations were made of a group of adolescent chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) living in one-acre field enclosure. In 1,200 h of observation, we observed 341 copulations involving six individuals. 34 elements of copulatory behaviour were described and recorded, including facial expressions, vocalisations, gestures, postures and locomotion. Frequencies, combinations and sequences of the elements were extracted in analysis. The results emphasise individual differences and the rapid ontogeny of copulatory behaviour elements.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155542

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The late prae-partum period, the parturition, and the puerperium of Callithrix jacchus females are described in detail. No clear behavioural changes are to be seen in the pregnant females up to the day of parturition. Even a few hours before delivery there are little signs clearly indicating labour and the forthcoming birth, except of some restlessness. Parturition takes place almost exclusively at night. During labour and extrusion of the fetuses the mother assumes a squatting posture. Manual extraction of the new-boms and the placenta does not occur. The young are licked frequently. They are able to grip the mother’s fur just after expulsion. They reach the nipples by themselves. Group members show high curiosity in the birth but they do not actually interfere with the delivery process. Placentophagia seems to be a regular behaviour pattern in the C. jacchus female

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155543

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Over a 6-year period, a colony of Saimiri was established for experimental behavioral research. Heterosexual pair housing prevailed, and a number of offspring was produced. Females apparently underwent a lengthy adjustment process, inasmuch as viable infant production was infrequent until the female had been paired for three breeding seasons. Males required only a short period of adjustment, if any, to become effective breeders. Breeding was seasonal and births occurred during the summer. The mean maximum gestation for five females who delivered in one year was 162.6 days (range 152–168 days, n = 5). The short gestations for some of these females relative to those previously reported by other investigators suggest a broad range of variability in gestation for this species. The possibility that some of these five females conceived very soon after being paired with males is discussed with regard to social and coital influences on ovulatio

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155544

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Previous laboratory methods of measuring dominance relations among nonhuman primates are discussed. These methods have usually involved defining the dominant member of a pair as that animal best able to obtain a positive food reward or to escape from a negative shock incentive. Dominance defined in this manner has not always accurately reflected dominance as measured by social behaviors such as aggression or assertion. An improved method of dominance determination involving competition for a water incentive is described, using squirrel monkeys as subjects. The results indicated that the present technique eliminated some of the definitional problems which were inherent in the prior methods.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155545

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

ABO saliva blood groups, 21 enzyme, 7 serum protein and the haemoglobin systems of 56 baboons and 61 vervets from South Africa were tested. Baboons were found to have a high frequency (0.728) of blood group A, 6 PGD and transferrin systems were polymorphic, and haptoglobins were subtyped. Variation also occurred in CA, MDH, PGK, PGM2, Pep B, α1-antitrypsin and caeruloplasmin systems. Vervets were polymorphic in ADA, α1-antitrypsin and caeruloplasmin systems and haptoglobins were subtyped. Variation also occurred in Pep D system. Phenotype frequencies varied according to area of origin in both specie

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155546

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155547

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger