摘要:

Study of 579 skulls, representing all 33 extant prosimian species and several anthropoids, shows that an orbital exposure of the ethmoid occurs in most Malagasy genera. A palatine-lacrimal contact is normal only in Lemur; the zygomatic-lacrimal contact occurs in most lorisiform species. Lepilemur shows possibly significant resemblances to lorisiforms. The vomer appears in the orbit of some ceboids. Cebids are distinguished by a canal running from the orbital apex through the basicranium. It is argued that skull shape and jaw musculature affect the size and shape of certain orbital-mosaic components. Frequencies of traits, rather than typologically ‘normal’ traits, may be taken as synapomorphies linking different species cladistica

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155857

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The crushed palate and lower face of the holotype of Proconsul nyanzae has been prepared using the acetic acid technique. The prepared and conserved fragments have been restored to their natural positions using a synthetic cement and polyethylene glycol wax (Carbowax 4000) to fill the gaps. Preparation revealed the inferior margin of the right orbit, the inferior border of the nasal bones, and a posterior divergence of the palate which has now been corrected. The restored face of P. nyanzae shows the orbits to have been wider apart than those of Proconsul major, both absolutely and relatively, and that it had a long narrow nose and palate. It differs from Proconsul africanus, which has the shortest and broadest face of all Proconsul species, and from P. major which has a much longer narrower face.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155858

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Social organization and social behavior were examined in two subspecies of squirrel monkeys which differ markedly in the degree of sexual dimorphism. The Bolivian squirrel monkeys, the subspecies with greater sexual dimorphism, manifested a sexually segregated form of social organization, while the social organization of the Guyanese monkeys was sexually integrated. Dominance relationships were found to reflect these patterns of sexual segregation or integration; in the Bolivian social groups separate linear dominance hierarchies were established within each sex while the Guyanese monkeys established a single linear hierarchy which included both males and females. Relationships between males and females in the two subspecies appear to be regulated by two distinct mechanisms, dominance in the Guyanese monkeys and sexual segregation in the Bolivians.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155859

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The behaviors and food types associated with wild titi monkey food transfer are described and analyzed. Food transfer is not considered altruistic, and possible benefits are explored by exmaining the context and consequences of food transfer.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155860

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The karyotypes of 7 douc langurs (Pygathrix nemaeus) and 3 crowned lemurs (Lemur coronatus) were examined. Abnormalities in 23.5% of the karyotypes of 1 male douc langur were associated with a history of fathering stillborns and abortuses (38%). Karyotype analysis of an apparently normal female lemur revealed three differing karyotypes, one normal and two abnormal.

ISSN:0015-5713    

DOI:10.1159/000155861

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger