摘要:

There has been successive strong support for the validity of the Health-Related Hardiness Scale (HRHS) in chronic illness and health-related research over time. The article summarizes health-related hardiness research completed with adults that has relevance for ethnic populations, describes progress with translation of the HRHS, and discusses recommendations for future work, such as international programs using hardiness interventions, continued progress on the translation of the HRHS, and improved retrieval and dissemination of results from HRHS research internationally. The HRHS has been used in more than 250 studies that focused on either health promotion or adaptation to health problems. The instrument has been translated into seven languages, with the most extensive work being reported with the Spanish version

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Over the past 20 years there has been increasing interest in the concept, psychological hardiness. Hardiness is defined as a constellation of attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral tendencies that consist of three components: commitment, control, and challenge. The article presents a review and assessment of more than 50 journal publications on hardiness that have appeared since 1987. A presentation of the conceptualization of hardiness and the state of the science of hardiness is presented. Limitations in the current science of hardiness are delineated. These limitations include the identification of: factors related to conceptualization and instrumentation, the types of hardiness studies lacking in the current literature, and the types of subjects rarely used in hardiness research

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Despite increased critical debate, the concept of hardiness continues to be a popular focus of research, and little has changed in how hardiness is defined, measured, and applied. The article argues that the concept of hardiness remains inherently problematic. In particular, hardiness is plagued by definitional problems, problems of construct validity, measurement problems, and class, gender, and age bias. The persistent appeal of the hardiness construct lies partially in researchers' desire to discover why some people are able to withstand the health-damaging effects of stress. More important, the article argues that hardiness is appealing because it continues to be easier to focus on individual problems and solutions rather than look for and try to change the social factors that affect health status and well-being

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Comprehensive literature reviews of hardiness consistently reveal empirical ambiguities and conceptual limitations. The article describes a grounded theory study focused on the conceptual nature of hardiness. In a group of 13 women with breast cancer, two major characteristics of hardiness emerged: a strong sense of purpose and the ability to endure. These characteristics are described in terms of their internal dimensions, manifestations, and outcomes. The findings are compared with the original conceptualization of hardiness, specifically its attributes of commitment, control, and challenge. The similarities and differences expand, extend, and modify the original definition of hardiness

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The article describes the development and initial evaluation of a Spanish language version of the Health- Related Hardiness Scale (HRHS) and reports on the Spanish language HRHS (SHRHS). The second study back-translated the SHRHS, which demonstrated a strong correlation with the first translation obtained by Boytell, Velasco-Whetsell, and Coffin, further supporting the accuracy and reliability of the SHRHS

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The article describes data collected using Pollock's Health-Related Hardiness Scale (HRHS) in two cultural groups of nurses. The purposes of the study were to verify the workability of the HRHS cross-culturally and to compare the effects of health hardiness in nurses in the United States and Taiwan. A total of 163 American and 615 Taiwanese nurses participated and answered a self-administered questionnaire by using Pollock's 34-item HRHS. Psychometric analyses identified two factors of hardiness that are different from Pollock's factors. Pollock's findings were verified, and the HRHS is valid for measuring hardiness constructs as exemplified by the strong factor loading obtained from this study, which ranged from 0.43 to 0.68 for American nurses and 0.47 to 0.68 for Taiwanese nurses

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The article reports a study examining the relationships among hardiness, social support, and health status in older African-American and Anglo-American adults (n=110). The theoretical framework of the study was based on the interrelationships of the personal resources of hardiness, social support, health status, and sociodemographic factors, including race. Pearson's correlation coefficients and t tests were performed to examine the relationships among the variables. Hardiness correlated significantly with greater social support, better perceived health status, increasing age, and lower income. Social support correlated significantly with better perceived health status, increasing age, and higher income. Perceived health status correlated significantly with lower age. Older Anglo-American adults had significantly higher scores on hardiness, whereas older African-American adults had significantly higher scores on social support. Implications for holistic nursing practice are discussed

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A systematic probability sample of 100 community-living older African-American women with chronic illnesses was evaluated during clinic visits to an urban safety-net hospital to explore health and demographic factors predictive of health-related hardiness (HRH). Questionnaires on HRH, function, self-assessed health, morbidity, health behavior, and selected demographics were used for collection of data. Multiple linear regression analyses ascertained that years of education and function explained 20% of the variance in HRH. Findings raise issues regarding validity of HRH prediction models and the cultural appropriateness of current methods of assessing HRH in older African-American women

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The article reports a retrospective survey designed to determine the relationship of hardiness and sense of coherence to post-liver transplant return to work (RTW). Instruments used included Pollock's Health-Related Hardiness Scale and Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence Questionnaire. Study results were based on 230 adult liver transplant recipients responding to a mailed questionnaire. After transplantation, 63% of the participants were working. Participants with higher levels of hardiness and higher sense of coherence scores demonstrated higher RTW rates. Using logistic regression, a model comprising hardiness and sense of coherence correctly classified 90% of the participants who returned to work

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0887-9311    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID