摘要:

AbstractThe high recurrence rate of inguinal hernias following primary repair has prompted us to re‐examine the anatomy of the inguinal region with particular emphasis on the iliopubic tract (IPT). The IPT is described as an aponeurotic band forming the inferior margin of the transversus abdominis lamina. We documented the presence and degree of development of the IPT in dissections of 151 embalmed inguinal regions and in serial sagittal sections of four body halves. The iliopubic tract was identified in all specimens. It stretched between the anterior superior iliac spine laterally and the pubic tubercle and the pubic tubercle and pectineal line medially. The intervening arch formed a discrete structure of variable thickness and was substantial in 63 specimens. Histological sections demonstrated that the IPT is connected to the inguinal ligament, fascia lata, and anterior femoral sheath and is composed primarily of collagenous fibers with a minor elastic component. These data indicate that the iliopubic tract is a consistent and easily identified structure in the inguinal regions. These results suggest that dissection of the iliopubic tract, like the inguinal ligament, should become an integral part of the assessment of groin anatomy during hernia repair. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss,

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract“Late” incisional hernias are those which appear more than 1 year after surgery. However, they are not associated with the same causal factors as “early” incisional hernias. In this study, scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to compare the collagen of 12 samples of intact linea alba with 8 samples of scar tissue, aged between 6 weeks and 10 years, taken from patients who had undergone previous midline abdominal incisions. No differences of collagen organization were observed using qualitative SEM. TEM, however, showed that intact tissue has collagen fibrils with larger mean diameters and differs from scar tissue in the shape of its fibril diameter distribution. Collagen fibrils from scar tissue in elderly subjects resembled collagen fibrils from intact tissue of young subjects. Neither TEM or SEM revealed any differences between scars of different maturity. © 1992 Wiley

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRib‐vertebra angles (RVAs) were measured (T1–12) on the chest radiographs of 412 children aged 0–17 years attending the hospital with minimal disorders or diseases (boys 193, girls 219). A new method for measuring RVAs is used and the asymmetry of rib‐vertebra angles is calculated as rib‐vertebra angle differences (RVADs). The data are analysed in three age groups—infancy, childhood, and puberty, after the classification of Karlberg (1989).The findings show the following:(1) RVAs decrease from T1–12, especially so between (T8 and T12.2) Between infancy and childhood, RVAs of the upper ribs incrase, more so in boys than girls. (3) Between childhood and adolescence there is a further elevation of ribs, involving more ribs in boy than girls (boy T1–10, girls T1–8). (4) Between infancy and childhood, the lower ribs droop more in girls than boys (boys T9–10/12, girls T7/8–12). There is no change in the RVAs of the lower ribs between childhood and puberty in either boys or girls. (5) The hypothesis is suggested that RVAs are influenced by the central nervous system through its influence on trunk muscle activity. (6) Ribvertebra angle asymmetries (or differences, RVADs) are related to age and sex; their pattern reflects the common age, sex, and laterality patterns of idiopathic scoliosis. Extremes of such asymmetries may be an etiological factor for both infantile and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to reintroduce the concept that the cremasteric muscle and fascie (intermediate spermatic covering) arise from anintermediate inguinal ring, similar to the internal spermatic fascia arising from the deep inguinal ring and the external spermatic fascia arising from the superficial inguinal ring. This will help students learn the anatomy of the inguinal region. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, I

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) of the elbow has been illustrated variably in anatomy texts. The purpose of this investigations was to determine the percentage of specimens in which this structure is present, and to describe its anatomy and function. The LUCL was identified as part of the lateral capsulo‐ligamentous complex in 17 of 17 fresh frozen cadaver elbows (P<.0001). The LUCL originates on the lateral epicondyle, blends with the fibers of the annular ligament as it arches superficial to it, then curves to insert on the tubercle of the supinator crest of the ulna. It is distinct at its insertion, but not at its origin where its fibers blend with those of the common extensor origin. The insertion is exposed in the interval created between (the deep surface of) the fascia of the supinator and its muscle fibers. The insertion can be palpated by applying a varus stress to the elbow. Cutting the ulnar fibers permitted posterolateral rotatory subluxation of the ulno‐humeral joint and varus subluxation of the elbow. © 1992 Wiley‐Lis

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe gross anatomy course at St. Louis University was designed to utilize peer teaching. Eight students are assigned to each cadaver and they work in teams of two, so that every student does one out of every four dissections. During one class period, the lecture for a unit is given to all class members, followed by a prosection demonstration to only the dissectors of that unit (one‐fourth of the class). At the beginning of the following class period, the dissectors give a prosection demonstration of their dissection to the other six student assigned to their cadaver. The lecture and prosection demonstrations for the next unit are given to the next team of dissectors as above. The students anonymously evaluate the course each year. Passing Part I of the National Board Examinations is required. For 12 years, the National Board Unit Examination of gross anatomy was given as the final examination for the course.The course is liked by the students, can be taught with a minimal number of faculty, utilizes only half the cadavers of a traditional course, has less contact hours than the national average, yet students do better than the national average on the anatomy part of the National Board Examination. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss,

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNo published studies on the reactions of British medical students to human dissection have been found. A class of 167 first year British preclinical students completed a questionnaire covering reactions to the dissecting room (DR) and other causes of stress for medical students, 6 Weeks after starting dissection.Five percent of students were very upset by the DR during the first few sessions while 36% were slightly upset, and 58% were unaffected. Six weeks later none were very upset and 78% were not at all upset by the DR. Those upset by the DR had higher stress levels by a standard measure than those not disturbed. Four percent of students had been so disturbed that their concentration was disrupted during the first DR session. The DR was a relatively unimportant cause of stress to students compared with work‐related stressors, such as too much work and exam anxiety. The majority of students felt themselves mentally prepared for the DR. About half had seen a dead body before and these students were signigicantly more likely to feel mentally prepared.Some students are, understandably, upset by their first experiences of the DR but most adapt fairly quickly. It appears that a small number continue to be seriously disturbed. The possiblity of using students'reactions to the DR as an educational exercise for their medical career could be explored further. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss,

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Dorsalis Pedis artery (DPA) is an often overlooked but important artery that can be utilized for limb salvage surgery. It is especially useful in the diabetic patient in whom disease at the level of the bifurcation of the popliteal artery is common. The unique anatomic location and communication with the pedal arch makes the DPA a good outflow vessel. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet.105:401–405 (Verta, 1982, Ascer, 1988 J. Vasc. Surg.,8:434–441; Harris, 1989, Arch Surg.,124:1232–1235). © 1992 Wiley‐L

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980050411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY