摘要:

AbstractThe morphological patterns of the inferior laryngeal nerve and internal laryngeal nerve display complex arborizations. This paper attempts to identify and clarify these patterns.Dissections were performed on 105 adult Japanese cadavers, and observations were made on 201 sides. Results showed that the communications between the inferior laryngeal nerve (ILN) and internal laryngeal nerve (ITLN) could be classified into two types and three subtypes. Also, the ITLN displayed three characteristic patterns at the arytenoid cartilage. These communications produce complex arborizations of the ILN as it enters the larynx. This may explain the variety of potential clinical symptoms observed after thyroid surgery or neck dissections. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss, I

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080602

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDifferences in articular cartilage thickness in the sacroiliac joint were investigated in different regions of the sacral and the iliac articular surfaces in the embalmed cadavers of five males and six females. The mean thickness of the sacral articular cartilage was greater than that of the iliac articular cartilage (P<0.001) and the sacral articular cartilage of the female was thicker than that of the male (P<0.02). Differences between thicknesses of the iliac articular cartilage in the male and female and in different regions of the sacral and iliac articular cartilages were found to be not significant. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss, I

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080603

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred eighty‐one dissected hands were examined to study the pattern of extensor tendons on the dorsum of the hand. Extensor digitorum often had multiple tendons for the middle and ring fingers. Its contribution to the little finger was usually by a bifurcating tendon common with that of the ring finger. The index finger always received a single tendon. Intertendinous connections between the various tendons of the extensor digitorum were variable but were most frequent between ring and middle fingers.Extensor indicis had one tendon in most of the specimens and it was always on the ulnar side of the extensor digitorum tendon. This remained true even when there were multiple tendons.Extensor digiti minimi had two tendons in most cases. It was always linked to extensor digitorum either by receiving one or part of its tendon or by an intertendinous connection.Two accessory muscles were seen, one was extensor indicis brevis replacing the proper muscle. The other, the extensor medii brevis, was distributed to the middle finger. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss,

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080604

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA macroscopic anatomical investigation was carried out on 67 embalmed dissecting‐room legs in order to determine the position, course, and origin of so‐called Cockett's perforating veins. This information was considered to be of particular importance because of the frequency with which varicoses in this region are treated with sclerosing agents and the serious adverse effects that can follow a misplaced injection. In view of the almost universal credence given to the accuracy of Cockett's original description (Cockett FP, 1955, Br. J. Surg.43:260‐278 ), and the general acceptance of the constancy of “Cockett's veins,” it was felt to be of importance to see to what extent we could confirm this description. It was found that the origins of these vessels and the places at which they penetrate the deep fascia are not constant, and that—in our series—only 7.3% of the veins belonging to these groups occupy the positions that are repeatedly cited in the literature as the most common. The clinical importance of any discrepancy between expectation and reality can hardly be exaggerated. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss, Inc. © 199

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080605

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWithin the cheek, wedged between masseter and buccinator, is a biconvex pad of fatty tissue, the corpus adiposum buccae, or buccal fat pad (of Bichat). It contributes significantly to the prominence of the cheek of the newborn infant and is sometimes encountered in surgical procedures in the region of the ramus of the mandible or the maxillary tuberosity.This paper reviews the history of the study of the buccal pad of fat, its anatomical location, blood supply, and comparative anatomy. We have also reviewed the pathology of the buccal pad of fat, including traumatic herniation. The fat pad is of interest surgically as it can be used as a free or pedicled graft to close maxillary defects after excision of tumors. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss, I

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080606

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA three‐dimensional graphic model of the human heart and an accompanying description are presented as a teaching aid. Each of the four chambers is represented by a cube of equal size. Drawings of the model from various angles give views of each of the surfaces and show the interatrial, interventricular, and atrioventricular grooves, and superimposed coronary arteries and cardiac veins. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss,

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080607

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne way to increase medical students' awareness of anatomical variability is the dissection of different cadavers throughout laboratory coursework. This report covers such a procedure successfully instituted in a human gross anatomy course. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss, I

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080608

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the United Kingdom most medical schools have traditionally included dissection as a major component of their anatomy courses. There is a dearth of substantive literature which can be used to demonstrate the educational values of dissection, although many authors have expressed opinions. Current scrutiny of the role of dissection has been prompted by many influences acting on medical schools in the UK, including changes in the medical curriculum promoted by the General Medical Council, changes in the mechanisms of funding for universities and their courses, and the introduction of research assessments and appraisal of teaching. It is probable that in the UK dissection will continue to decline but that its reduced role will be prompted by the interactions of many complicated processes, only some of which will be educationally driven. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss, I

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080609

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe meaning of some terms used in describing the development of embryos is discussed in the light of their historical origin and current usage. Attention is focused on the terminology associated with the early development of animals, particularly that concerned with gastrulation and germ layer theory. It is suggested that terms linked with outdated concepts are not always appropriate for, and unless defined with care may limit, our appreciation of the significance of subsequent observation and experiment. Recommendations are made concerning the use of the termsmesoblast, mesodermandmesenchyme.

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080610

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAttention is called to the discrepancy which exists between the official terminology of the Nomina Anatomica (PNA) as it relates to the superficial venous system of the lower limb, and anatomical reality. Suggestions are also put forward as to how the PNA could be altered to accord better with the systematic classification and topography of these vessels, and more usefully serve the needs of clinicians. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss, I

ISSN:0897-3806    

DOI:10.1002/ca.980080611

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY