摘要:

4 aircraft construction workers developed allergic contact dermatitis of the hands and forearms. The allergen was hexavalent chromate in the accelerating solution of an epoxy‐based sealant (PR1422). Although chromate dermatitis from an epoxy resin has been described, epoxy system accelerators are a hitherto unrecognized source of occupational chromate dermatiti

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00642.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A cross‐sectional study on 353 routine office workers was performed in order to investigate relationships between skin diseases, signs or reported symptoms and work at visual display terminals. Skin diseases and signs were ascertained by dermatological examination. Skin symptoms as well as details of VDT work and other work conditions were obtained from a questionnaire. Measurements of the physical environment were made at each work place. The results were subjected to a multivariate analysis, There was a tendency for increased occurrence of seborrhoeic eczema, nonspecific erythema and symptoms among VDT compared to non‐VDT users. Organizational conditions during VDT work, such as a perceived high work pace or work load, and inability to take rest breaks, were found to be associated with reported skin symptoms and nonspecific erythema. A low relative humidity was associated with a diagnosis of seborrhoeic eczema. No associations were found in this study between current field levels of electric or magnetic fields and skin diseases, signs or reported sympt

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00643.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Our purpose was to ascertain the irritant contact dermatitis potential of sodium lauroyl glutamate (SLG) and to assess its possible anti‐irritating potential in a surfactant mixture on human skin, using visual scores and measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL). 15 healthy adult volunteers free of skin disease and with no history of atopic dermatitis were treated with sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) solution (1%, 0.75%, 0,50%, 0.25%), 1% SLG solution, and 1% surfactant mixture solutions, Ml (75/25), M2 (50/50), M3 (25/50) (SLG/SLS). We applied 100μl of solution using a polypropylene chamber for 24 h. Application sites for each solution were randomized to minimize anatomical bias. We measured baseline TEWL before test solution application. After removal of the patches, each site was visually graded and TEWL recorded with an evaporimeter daily for 4 days. The visual scores and TEWL values of 1% SLG solutions were lower than those of the other test solutions, except the vehicle control (deionized water). 1% surfactant mixture solutions showed lower visual scores and TEWL values than 1% SLS solution. Increase of SLG concentration decreased the visual scores and TEWL values. Comparing the visual scores and TEWL values of Ml and 0.25% SLS solution, M2 and 0.50% SLS solution, and M3 and 0.75% SLS solution. Ml, M2, and M3 showed lower values, although not statistically different. These findings suggest that SLG is a mild surfactant and its utilization can decrease irritation potential in SLS and possibly other mixtures. This model may offer a facile system for screening the surfactant and other mixtures for decreased irritancy potenti

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00644.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

5 patients with dermatitis or stomatitis related to the use of orthodontic appliances are described. All the patients were patch tested with the European standard series. One had a ++ reaction to potassium dichromate, one a ++ reaction to nickel, and the remaining 3 no positive patch tests. 3 of the patients had recurrent vesicular hand eczema, which flared after oral challenge with 1 of the metals used in their orthodontic appliances. 2 of these 3 patients had negative patch tests. The dermatitis of 4 of the 5 patients cleared completely upon the removal of their metal orthodontic appliances or their replacement with appliances made of acrylics.

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00645.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Evaluation of the benefits of patch testing has been difficult. We have attempted to establish patients' views on patch testing and to assess the effectiveness of advice given in the clinic. Postal questionnaires were sent to 135 patients. A total of 105 replies were received (77.8% response rate). 42 patients (40.4%) reported improvement in their skin condition after testing. Of the 43 patients with a final diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), 31 (72%) believed that patch testing had helped. About 1/2 of these were able to avoid the allergens concerned and had made changes in their lifestyle. This contrasts with the group of patients with final diagnoses other than ACD, in whom only 20 of 62 (32%) recorded patch testing as helpful. Similar numbers in both groups had improved sufficiently to be discharged from the clinic. 91 of the patients were entirely correct in their knowledge of the patch test results. 39 felt that the results had not been explained in sufficient detail. This study shows that patch testing is beneficial, especially for those with ACD. Patients' knowledge of the results was good but education could be improved.

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00646.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Contact dermatitis among hairdressers is common. In The Netherlands, registered sick leave for hand dermatitis among hairdressers rose from 21,050 days in 1986 to 54,293 in 1991. In a survey among 45 hairdressers in 5 different salons, 12 had a history of hand dermatitis and 16 showed moderate to severe hand dermatitis. After extensive investigations, 13 were classified as having allergic contact dermatitis and 3 cumulative irritant contact dermatitis, fn the past 4 years, 103 hairdressers were extensively patch tested and glyceryl thioglycolate (GTG), ammonium persulfate and nickel sulfate were responsible for the majority of positive reactions. Hair dyes and preservatives were responsible for a moderate % of the positive reactions. Positive reactions were also found to cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium coco hydrolyzed animal protein. These 2 allergens show a rather capricious patch test reaction pattern and irritant reactions may easily be confused with allergic. The relevance of positive patch test reactions to these chemicals should always be questioned. Atopy was not a frequent cause of hand dermatitis in this study. Chemicals with a thiol group can be demonstrated with a chemical spot test. With this test, contamination of the hairdressing salon with thioglycolates was demonstrated. It is emphasized that contamination of hairdressing salons with GTG is probably a significant factor in explaining the severe flare‐ups in GTG‐sensitized hairdressers who no longer use GTG permanent‐waving solu

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00647.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Because of their ability to impair the skin barrier function, detergents constitute a major risk factor for the development of irritant contact dermatitis. Sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) is a commonly used detergent for experimental studies within the area of irritant contact dermatitis. In the present study, penetration of S35‐labelled SLS was studied in an in vitro model using human cadaver skin. The investigations showed that SLS is capable of permeating the skin barrier when applied under occlusion. SLS could be detected in the dermis and the amount of SLS found here was shown to depend on the dose of SLS applied on the skin. Penetration of SLS continued after removal of the SLS applied as a patch test on the skin surface. Considerable inter‐individual variation in the penetration of SLS was demonstrated between different don

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00648.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The contact sensitizing potential of 2‐(2′‐hydroxy‐5′‐methylphenyl)benzotriazole (Tinuvin® P) was investigated using the marine local lymph node assay (LLNA) and the mouse ear swelling test with some modification in the induction procedure (modified MEST), Topical exposure of the ears to Tinuvin® P in acetone: olive oil (AOO) for 3 consecutive days induced no increase in auricular lymph node weight and lymph node cell proliferation. In the LLNA, Tinuvin® P was negative, and its sensitizing potential was determined as not strong. In the modified MEST, mice were sensitized with a combination of an intradermal injection of 0.2% Tinuvin® P in Freund's complete adjuvant into the shaved abdomen and topical application of 1% Tinuvin® P in AOO on both ears for 3 consecutive days. The ear thickness in mice previously treated with Tinuvin® P increased significantly on challenge with Tinuvin® P. A cross‐reaction test between Tinuvin® P and various substituted benzotriazole ultraviolet light (UV) absorbers was performed. Challenge with these benzotriazole compounds on the ears of the mice previously sensitized to Tinuvin® P showed no increase in ear thickness. These data indicated that Tinuvin® P had a contact sensitizing ability, while Tinuvin® P‐sensitized mice did not cross‐react with the othe

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00649.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Murine models for the assessment of the contact sensitizing properties of chemicals rely on mouse ear swelling tests (Mest), which are not sensitive enough to detect weak sensitizers. The aim of the present study was to develop in mice an adjuvant‐free Mest appropriate for in vivo detection of any type of sensitizer (weak to strong), and useful for in vitro assessment of contact sensitivity (CS). 3 haptens were tested: dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), para‐phenylenediamine (pPD) and isoeugenol. We compared various protocols for induction of the CS reaction, differing by the site of induction, the number of applications and the concentrations of the 3 haptens. Comparison of the induction site for optimal CS reaction showed that, in Balb/c mice, the back was a better site of induction than the abdomen. Detection of the sensitizing properties of weak sensitizers (pPD, isoeugenol) was possible using an adjuvant‐free protocol, provided that the induction phase comprised hapten applications on 3 consecutive days on the backs of animals. For DNCB, one application was sufficient to obtain optimal CS reaction. For all 3 haptens, a secondary response in vitro was obtained using semi‐purified lymph node T cells from animals sensitized 5 days before with the optimized Mest. These results demonstrate that the Mest could be a useful experimental model for the study of all types of contact sens

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00651.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY