摘要:

Irritant effects and disturbance of water‐holding capacity induced by surfactants were investigated using the plastic occlusion stress test (POST) technique. 4 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), sorbitan monolaurate, cocoamidopropyl betaine and benzalkonium chloride) and an amphoteric/ nonionic (A/ N) mix were investigated. 1 × daily for 3 days, test surfactants were applied to marked sues (open) on the volar forearm. After 24 h occlusion with a plastic chamber on the 4th days. skin surface water loss (SSWL) (g/m2h) was recorded continuously for 25 min with an evaporimeter. The differences between the surfactants were statistically significant (Friedman's testp<0.01). SLS and the A/ N mix revealed significant differences compared to the other compounds (p<0.05), both in decay constants and in values recorded at the beginning and at the end of the decay curve. The study suggests a mechanism for the high irritant potential of sodium lauryl sulphate compared lo other surfactants: sorbitan monolaurate and benzalkonium chloride seem lo influence (at the concentrations tested) to a lesser extent the water‐holding capacity of the stratum corneum. The clinical and biological relevance of these observations requires long‐term clinical correlations with final product use

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Consequences of hand eczema were studied in 1238 patients who had the diagnosis confirmed in a prevalence study of hand eczema in I he population of Gothenburg. It was found that 2/3 of the patients had consulted a doctor on some occasion and 1/5 had been on sick leave for their hand eczema. The mean total time on sick leave was 18.9 weeks, the median 8 weeks. Patients in service occupations reported more periods of sick leave than other occupational groups. Local steroid preparation; were used by 1/2 the patients, emollients by 85%. Change of work was reported by 8% and was most common in service occupations. Hairdressers, had the highest rate of change. 80% of the patients experienced some kind of disturbance to their social and emotional lives, considered to be caused by the hand eczema. Frequent itching was reported by 1/2 the patients, occasional itching by another 1/3. Comparing different types of hand eczema, allergic contact dermatitis seemed throughout to cause more serious consequences. It is concluded that good care of a hand eczema patient includes attention to the impact of the disease on the patient's total situation.

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

From 1 November 1984 to 1 November 1989,3075 patients (1949 female and 1126 male) were patch tested with the European standard series, including primin 0.01% pet. 57 positive reactions were obtained (1.8%). About 95% of the patients with positive patch tests were female. 60%n of the patch‐test‐positive patients were above age 60 and 35% above 70 years. The test was negative in all under the age of 20 and rarely positive under the age of 35 years. Only 2 patients had probable patch test sensitization observed 8 and 14 days after application of the test material. 41% of the patients with positive reactions had current primula dermatitis at the time of patch testing. The frequency and high degree of current relevance justify inclusion of primin in the standard series, at least in certain geographical regions. The patch test concentration of 0.01% pet. Seems to be corr

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), capacitance, pH, blood flow and color reflectance were evaluated for quantifying the irritant response of vulvar and forearm skin to 3% sodium lauryl sulfate in 9 healthy premenopausal women. TEWL, capacitance, pH, blood flow, and all parameters of color reflectance changed significantly in forearm irritant dermatitis. In vulvar irritant dermatitis, however, significant changes were observed only for blond flow and the color reflectance parametersa* andb*. Using the combination of TEWL, capacitance and blood flow, forearm irritant dermatitis was detected with a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 100%. In this study, the best combination of parameters to detect vulvar irritant dermatitis was pH, blood flow.a* andb*, which had a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 75%. It is concluded that available bioengineering techniques are less suitable to quantify irritant dermatitis in the vulva than in the forearm.

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The incidence of dermatoses and allergy to metals (Cr. Co, Ni) was determined in 1782 workers exposed to cement, waste fly ash and asbestos cement. They were all also exposed to reclaimed (used), mineral oils. Dermatitis was found in 23.6% of the subjects, and oil acne in 11.2%. Allergy to chromium was found in 23% of the subjects; the % of definitely positive patch test results (the total of positive ++ and strongly positive +++) was, however, 8.6%. Allergy to cobalt was (bund in 13.4% of the subjects examined (definite in 3.1%). Allergy to nickel was found in 2.7% of the subjects (definite in 1.1%). The risks of occurrence of occupational skin disease and allergy to metals m subjects exposed to ash were found to be lower than in subjects exposed to cement, and were similar to those in subjects exposed lo asbestos cement. Overall chromium, cobalt and nickel contents in ash and asbestos were higher than in cement. Soluble chromium compound content in ash was lower than in cement from European countries and similar to that in American cement.

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Australian blackwood is known to be an important cause of allergic contact dermatitis in Australia. Previous investigations have shown that 2,6‐dimethoxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone and acamelin are 2 of the responsible, but weak, sensitizers. When these 2 quinones are lacking. which is occasionally found, the wood still possesses allergenic property The present re‐examination led to the: isolation and identification of 4 hydroxyflavans, of which 3 proved to he allergens. Melacacidin, known to be the main constituent of these flavan derivatives in the heartwoud, was isolated and its sensitizing capacity in guinea pigs determined. It showed a moderate sensitizing power. Melacacidin occurs abundantly in 125 Australian and 3 AfricanAeacia

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-1873    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY