摘要:

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a chronic dilation of the aorta with a natural history toward enlargement and rupture. Its pathogenesis is believed to be multifactorial and complex. Clinical presentation may be asymptomatic, symptomatic, or as rupture. Elective surgery by open transperitoneal or retroperitoneal approach is the most common repair intervention. However, placing an endoluminal stent graft within the aneurysm is currently being evaluated as an alternative to open repair. Nursing care of the patient with abdominal aortic aneurysm involves intensive care skills as well as a foundation in chronic illness management. This article presents information on pathogenesis, natural history, clinical presentation, surgical interventions, and postoperative complications.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Aortic dissection is the most common catastrophic condition affecting the aorta. Its clinical presentation is variable and can mimic any number of medical and surgical conditions. The most prevalent symptom is excruciating chest pain. Essential treatment includes rapid initiation of pharmacologic agents to control hypertension. Aortic dissection involving the ascending aorta also necessitates immediate surgical repair. Surgical treatment of aortic dissection involving only the descending aorta generally is reserved for patients with persistent pain, intractable hypertension, or evidence of propagation of the dissection. Nursing management includes blood pressure monitoring, serial physical assessment, and postoperative care, as appropriate.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Venous thrombosis involving the deep veins is a major US health problem that affects over 2.5 million people annually. The most serious complication of a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is pulmonary embolism (PE), which is associated with 50,000 to 200,000 deaths each year. DVT and PE are often silent and difficult to detect by clinical examination; however, DVT rarely occurs in the absence of risk factors. This article reviews normal venous anatomy and discusses the etiology of DVT, its clinical manifestations, and diagnosis. Then it reviews treatment of DVT, highlighting the nurse's role. A discussion of DVT prophylaxis based on patient risk follows.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Peripheral arterial disease is becoming more prevalent due to the increasing age of the population. To better evaluate and care for patients with this disease, it is essential to understand its pathophysiology and etiology. Understanding the sequelae of events and treatments associated with peripheral arterial disease will help the nurse to provide a comprehensive, outcome-focused plan of care and education plan. Nurses are in a unique position to reduce the risks associated with lower extremity arterial disease.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Based on research, the classic recommendation to prevent progression of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is "start exercising and stop smoking." Unfortunately, a paramount problem for clinicians is motivating targeted individuals to begin and adhere to an exercise regimen and quit smoking. The purpose of this review is to provide the most current information regarding exercise training and smoking cessation. It is hoped that this article will help health care professionals present accurate information to their patients with PAD, address the difficulties in lifestyle change, and intervene effectively.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article discusses the pathophysiologic features, diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with renovascular hypertension. Timely diagnosis is important as the disease can carry a more serious prognosis than essential hypertension and is less amenable to drug treatment. Renovascular hypertension also carries a greater risk of progression to accelerated or malignant hypertension and may result in irreversible ischemic failure of the affected kidney. Various treatments are available including medical management, angioplasty and/or stenting, and revascularization. Regardless of treatment approach, nursing care is an integral part of the patient's management, especially continuing follow-up of blood pressure.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Traditionally administered unfractionated heparin (UH) is a heterogeneous mixture of polysaccharide chains of varying length. Heparin is now available in new formulations, most notably the low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), which possess pharmacology that is similar to but distinct from UH. Key advantages of LMWHs include improved bioavailability and longer half-life, more predictable anticoagulation that requires less laboratory monitoring, and fewer serious side effects. The article reviews the pharmacology of heparin and discusses the addition of LMWHs to the family of anticoagulant drugs.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID