摘要:

Research-based guidelines regarding patient positioning and hemodynamic measurement are compared with nonscientific routines. Published research is critiqued and synthesized. Research based practice algorithms are presented based on this synthesis and critique of current research. The challenge is to balance the many patient care activities that critically ill patients require with the need for positioning and hemodynamic measurement. The duration patients are left in the supine position can be minimized, and accurate and reliable measurements can still be obtained.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Progressive advancement of activity in cardiac patients is well documented in the literature. However, the concern in today's practice centers on balancing prudent progression of activity with a cost-effective delivery of care. This article presents a review of the literature, comparing the state of knowledge with current clinical pathway suggestions for activity therapy in various cardiac populations. An overview of the historical background and the physiological adaptations to bedrest, orthostasis, and exercise are described. Research documenting energy costs and cardiovascular responses to activities of daily living, such as bathing, toileting, and ambulating is also critiqued. Generalizability of research findings is examined, particularly regarding the heterogeneity of cardiac populations (ie, effects of age, gender, multiple medications, comorbidity), and implications for practice are addressed.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Living with a serious ventricular dysrhythmia and its treatment poses certain psychological stressors including anxiety, depression, fear, and a sense of loss of control. Additional stressors related to side effects and technology issues may be present depending on whether the patient is treated with antidysrhythmic medications, an internal cardioverter defibrillator, or both. Cognitive therapy has been used with some success to reduce patient fear and improve psychological outcomes in some patient populations with illnesses characterized by loss of control including cancer and epilepsy. This article outlines a cognitive therapy approach for use with patients who have a serious ventricular dysrhythmia.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This paper 1) describes what is known about recovery for families of patients who survive sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and undergo internal cardioverter defibrillalor (ICD) implantation, 2) discusses empirical evidence for interventions aimed at affecting recovery following SCA and ICD implantation, 3) presents additional data that suggest interventions for cardiac arrest survivors and their families, and 4) makes recommendations for the development of future intervention programs for SCA survivors and their families. Research supporting the use of educational and support interventions designed for SCA survivors and families is reviewed. Recommendations are made for future design and testing of interventions in this population.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In this integrated review of the literature 19 published investigations of interventions to promote recovery following coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) are analyzed. The most frequently tested CABG recovery intervention, preparatory information, effectively increased knowledge, and enhanced resumption of activities during recovery. However, its effect on mood states during recovery remains unclear. There was clear evidence that information interventions designed to increase individuals' knowledge about expected recovery experiences and coronary artery disease were effective. Analysis of the studies indicated that few women, elders, and minority races were included. An important area needing development and testing of interventions is secondary prevention of cardiac risk factors.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Older adults are at risk for pulmonary complications and prolonged mechanical ventilation after cardiac surgery. A patient-centered conceptualization of ventilatory support provides a framework for preoperative assessment and postoperative management of older adults at risk for postoperative pulmonary complications. Ventilatory support is a dynamic process whereby physiologic, pathophysiologic, and psychosocial patient variables influence and interact with postoperative clinical practice variables. Research-based respiratory care interventions are proposed to improve recovery outcomes in older adults after cardiac surgery.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article discusses a research-based approach to the assessment and interpretation of chest pain, including the use of findings from the history and physical examination, electrocardiogram, and other tests. The focus is on recognition of abnormal findings suggestive of diagnosis of myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Recommendations from the literature are provided to assist the practitioner in triago and interpretation.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Using a descriptive/comparative design, 121 men and women with symptoms of myocardial infarction rated the importance of learning needs concerning heart disease. Subjects completed the Cardiac Patients Learning Needs Inventory (CPLNI) on admission to a cardiac unit. Mean scores were calculated by gender for each of the eight CPLNI informational categories. Means were ranked, and six individual items that were significantly different by gender were identified. The preferred educator for women was the physician, and men preferred the nurse, closely followed by the physician. Risk factors wore most important to learn for men and medications for women. Recommendations for empowering individuals through teaching are detailed.

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0889-4655    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID