摘要:

Little information is available regarding the amount of genetic variation among and withinTrifoliumspecies for resistance to iron (Fe)‐deficiency chlorosis. A calcareous Parrita sandy clay loam soil (clayey, mixed, hyperthermic, shallow Petrocalcic Paleustoll) that had a history of expression of Fe‐deficiency chlorosis problems in forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL. (Moench.)) was used to conduct field studies in 1985–86 and 1986–87. Cultivars of sevenTrifoliumspp.: arrowleaf (T.vesiculosumSavi.), berseem (T.alexandrinumL.), crimson (T.incarnatumL.), red (T.pratenseL.), rose (T.hirtumAll.), and subterranean (T.subterraneumL. andT. brachycalycinumKatzn. and Morley) clovers were compared for differences in dry matter production and expression of chlorosis symptoms. Cultivars could be ranked for their adaptability to calcareous soil conditions: ‘Bigbee’ berseem = ‘Kenstar’ red = ‘Kondinin’ rose = ‘Clare’ subterranean > ‘Dixie’ crimson >> ‘Mt. Barker’ subterranean > ‘Yuchi’ and ‘Meechee’ arrowleaf.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363837

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Forty dry bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) cultivars/lines were evaluated in 1986 for iron deficiency chlorosis on a highly calcareous soil. The cultivars/lines differed in severity of iron chlorosis and showed a continuous variation in symptoms ranging from highly resistant to susceptible. Some of the highly resistant cultivars/lines with no symptoms were Great Northern (G.N.) ‘Sapphire’, Pinto ‘UI 111’, A‐55, G.N. WMl‐85–46, and G.N. WMl‐86–40. Some of the most susceptible cultivars/lines were Pinto ‘Topaz’, Midnight, Navy‐'ExRico’, Dark Red Kidney ‘Montcalm’, and G.N. WMl‐85–48.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363838

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] is susceptible to iron (Fe) deficiency chlorosis when grown on alkaline calcareous soils. Iron deficiency chlorosis can markedly affect sorghum growth and yield. Observed growth and yield component trait differences between chlorotic and nonchlorotic plants were large. Iron deficiency chlorosis caused a delay in flowering; shorter plants; lower grain yields per ha, plant, and head; and reduced number of seeds per plant and head. Seed weight, grain protein, and tillering remained unchanged as chlorosis became more severe. Yield component traits were affected more than growth traits. All growth and yield component traits were sufficiently heritable for plant breeding purposes. Good progress for improving sorghum for reduced Fe deficiency chlorosis and hence yield should be attainable through recurrent selection. Predicted gains from selection indicated four cycles would be needed to reduce visual chlorosis symptoms in susceptible individuals to levels observed in resistant individuals.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363839

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A few important cultivars of linseed (Linum usitatissimumL.) were subjected to Fe‐deficiency stress by growing them in plus/ minus Fe‐nutrient regimes. It was found that cultivars LMH‐42, PBN‐12, S‐36 and SPS‐77 were able to reduce the pH of the minus Fe‐nutrient medium from 6 to about 3.8 during 4‐6 days, developed varying degrees of chlorosis, and recovered after 9 days. The cultivar LMH‐300 and T‐397 developed chlorosis after 6 days, but did not recover completely. On this basis, these two cultivars are considered as Fe‐chlorosis susceptible. Studies further revealed that the amount of Fe absorbed and translocated from different concentrations of Fe were significantly less in T‐397 than in other cultivars, an evidence which can be related to the susceptibility of this cultivar to Fe chlorosis. Externally supplied caffeic acid or dibutyl phthalate did not affect the chlorosis in LMH‐300. The chemical excreted by the Fe‐efficient linseed is perhaps different from those identified in other crop species.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363840

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Knowledge of the growth trends and Fe‐constitutional, Fe‐active, Mn, Zn and Cu absorption varieties of watermelons is essential to a better understanding of the fertility requeriments of the crop. The present study was made to determine the nutrient absorption by 10 common types or varieties of watermelon in relation to fruit yield.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363841

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fifty four corn inbred lines of different origin were grown for one year on the selection field (eutric cambisol on calcareous loess substrate; pH in H2O=7.8, humus content=1.8%). Each inbred line was grown in a 6.3 m row (20 plants/row). The ear‐leaf Fe (the tasseling stage) was widely different. For example, when the highest value waas designated as 100, the highest value “was 21 and 28 for FAO groups 500 and 600, respectively.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363842

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A maize inbred line (Purple 3036–1) with tolerance to nigh‐pH soils was crossed with susceptible homozygous translocation stocks that marked all chromosome arms, except the short arms of 3 and 7 and the long arm or 10. F2’s and test crosses to the appropriate translocation stocks were used in the analysis.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363843

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In work elsewhere it has been shown that detopping soybean seedlings growing in soil that results in Fe deficiency can magnify the Fe deficiency in subsequent new growth. Tests then can be more sensitive for screening of progeny for resistence to Fe deficiency. The hypothesis that nitrate‐N is responsible for the chlorosis was tested. When plants are detopped, more nitrate can be available than usual for the small amount of leaf surface available. When soybean plants were grown to have low availability of nitrate‐N, new growth after detopping did not develop Fe deficiency. In contrast, plants supplied with nitrate did develop Fe deficiency.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363844

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the calcimorphic soils of México, interveinai chlorosis of young leaves affects soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] most commonly during the early developmental stages. This often restricts normal growth and in severe circumstances may reduce seed yield drastically. From 1983 to 1986, soybean cultivars were grown in the northwest state of Sonora, México. Planting was done in soils rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO3), but of poor drainage, and at different dates of seeding and plant densities. To analyze the contents of chlorophyll, phosphorus (P), and iron (Fe) and the pH level in vegetative tissues, samples were collected at different developmental stages. The highest content of chlorophyll in soybean plants with low ratings of chlorosis was related to low levels of P, a low P/Fe rates, and low pH of vegetative tissues. The succes of preventive and/or control measures requiers a closers attention at the water‐soil‐plant‐atmospheric relationship.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363845

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Nitrogen fixation and Fe‐deficiency stress response are two processes involving chemical reduction reactions in the root. It is possible that these processes could enhance one another in nodulated peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL.). The objective of this study was to determine the interactions of Fe nutritional stress, nodulation, and N2fixation in peanuts. Plants were grown in solution culture which allowed careful control of levels of inorganic nitrogen (NO3‐) and Fe. To monitor plant Fe‐stress response, nutrient solution pH and reductant were measured daily. Nitrogenase activity was measured periodically by the acetylene reduction technique and Fe contents of leaf tissue at each sampling time were determined. Iron‐stress response was exhibited by peanut varieties 71–234 and Valencia grown in Fe‐free nutrient solutions and the response was stronger in nodulated than in non‐nodulated plants. Acetylene reduction was greatest in peanuts grown in Fe supplemented solutions.

ISSN:0190-4167    

DOI:10.1080/01904168809363846

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor