摘要:

AbstractOil residues arising from the Christos–Bitas spillage were found to contain 28% of oil extractable by carbon tetrachloride; the remainder consisted of water and undefined solids. Christos–Bitas mousse was added to 1.18 m3liquor inoculated with oil‐contaminated marine mud, and aerated with a 1.5‐hp vortex pump and venturi nozzle (12.5 mm) in a cylindrical tank. After 70 days, oil degradation reached 7 mg oil/L/h. About 98% of the solvent extractable oil added was degraded over 83 days. Analysis of oil residues harvested at the end of this experiment showed that there was a decreasing trend in percent degradation in the following order: aromatics>saturates>heterocyclics>asphalts. No less than 94% of any fraction analysed was degraded.In the second pilot trial, oil degradation was carried out in a cylindrical jacket tank containing 6.82 m3liquor inoculated with oil‐contaminated marine mud from Penarth, South Wales, UK, together with pure cultures derived from the same source, and aerated with a 7.5‐hp vortex pump and venturi nozzle (18 mm diameter). Mixing of the oil was inhomogeneous for the first 100–110 days. The overall degree of substrate dispersion and total oil balance was determined by sampling at different depths. Degradation by the mixed culture was achieved at the rate of 164 mg oil/L/h. After 224 days, this was equivalent to 9.6 × 103/kg−1/yr;(214 kg/wk) for 6.82 m3of liquor. The degradation rate continued to rise as the feed rate was increased by means of an automatic, timed pump. A lag phase of five to six months was necessary to allow the mixed population to build up to an e

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260270112

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn approximate method for solving the nonlinear diffusion problem in the case of a power‐function variation of the diffusion coefficient with concentration has been applied to a drying process with simultaneous enzyme inactivation. Experimental results obtained by air drying of soybean lipoxygenase entrapped in a glucose calcium‐alginate gel are in good agreement with the predicted behavior, whereas hardly any differences occur between the results obtained with the approximate method and those obtained by a numerical solution of the original mo

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260270113

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPseudomonas putidaATCC 11172 was grown in chemostat onL‐asparagine or phenol as the sole, limiting carbon and energy source. The growth characteristics of a culture where a biofilm was present, were compared with one where the biofilm was strongly reduced by the grinding and shearing effect of sand suspended in the culture. In the presence of the intact biofilm, the curve of steady‐state biomass versus dilution rate diverged greatly from the theoretical pattern predicted by conventional chemostat models. The sand strongly retarded the biofilm formation and to a high degree restored the shape of the biomass versus dilution rate curve to a more conventional pattern. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax) could not be calculated from the biofilm cultures. However using the sand cultures, μmaxwas determined to 0.64 h−1withL‐asparagine as the carbon source and 0.49 h−1with phenol which compare favorably with the respective μmaxvalues calculated from batch cultures.Incorporation of sand into strongly agitated cultures is recommended as an efficient and simple means of controlling biofilm formation in continuous cultures. The method may enable the gathering of basic kinetic data difficult to obtain in the presenc

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260270114

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260270101

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY