摘要:

AbstractThe productivity of growth associated fermentations is dependent upon the quantity of biomass contained in the fermenter (microbial hold‐up). In contrast, the performance characteristics of a fermenter are dominated by the form in which the microbial hold‐up occurs, i.e., whether as films, flocs, or a combination of both. Industrial fermentations using biological films include biological waste‐water treatment (trickling filter, rotating disc), the “quick” vinegar process, animal tissue culture, and bacterial leaching.Atkinson and Davies (Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng.,50, 208 (1972)), proposed a completely mixed microbial film fermenter (CMMFF) based upon the fluidized bed principle, for application to continuous operation when using growth associated systems. The potential performance characteristics of this fermenter are reviewed and the construction of a laboratory scale unit capable ofaseptic operation is described (volume 9 liters, maximum throughput 15 liter/hr). The fermenter has been continuously used for periods up to 2500 hr without contamination when growing brewer's yeast (NCYC 1026 flocculating). The experimental performance characteristics have been interpreted with the aid of the theory for the CMMFF.The knowledge and experience gained to date is used as a basis for speculation as to the future role of microbial film fermenters in the biochemical process i

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170902

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe predator‐prey interactions between the protozoanTetrahymena pyriformisand the bacteriumAerobacter aerogeneshave been studied experimentally and mathematically. A mathematical model for the ciliates defines the mass distribution of cells within the population. The resulting model equations are solved by the use of multigroup theory. Experimental data from batch and continuous flow reactors are compared with the results of the numerical integratio

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170903

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFermentations with mixed cultures of the cellulolytic fungusTrichoderma virideand the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeorCandida utiliswere examined. The fermentations were carried out in an aerated 5 liter fermentor with NaOH treated barley straw as the cellulose source (2–4%). Yeast was inoculated 24–32 hr after the fungus and the growth of the two organisms was followed through the production of CO2and cell protein. In comparison with fermentations withT. viridealone, the production time for maximum yields of cellulases and cell protein was reduced by several days, depending on the straw concentrations. The protein content of the growth product was 21–22% and the amino acid composition of the product resembled that ofT. viride

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170904

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA model is developed to predict batch and continuous culture behavior of fermentations on two different carbon and energy sources. The basic assumption of the model is that the permease for the favored substrate is constitutive, whereas the permease for the second substrate is subject to induction and catabolite repression. Simulations of the model show features of diauxic growth described in the literature.

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170905

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA batch‐type zonal centrifuge has been modified and totally contained for use with biologically hazardous materials.A sealed cabinet encloses the centrifuge and the ancilliary equipment. It is operated with a flow of filtered air when the zonal system is on, decontaminated with ethylene oxide, and maintained at a negative pressure throughout. The centrifuge subsystems can be drained, flushed, and decontaminated with ethylene oxide before an engineer services the machine. The sample handling system within the cabinet is remotely controlle

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170906

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA simple method for immobilizing amyloglucosidase by adsorption on inorganic carriers is described. Amyloglucosidase was adsorbed on acid‐activated molecular sieve and on alumina. The immobilized enzyme preparations exhibited 50–100% of the initial activity and possessed high temperature stability. A prolonged working life span was achieved, which could possibly satisfy requirements for industrial applicat

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170907

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe inhibitory activity of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection was assayed with the extracts of various callus tissues derived from the intact plants.Phytolacca americanacallus was selected as a producer of the virus inhibitor and its cultural conditions in suspension were examined for cell growth and the inhibitor production. A modified liquid medium containing twofold concentrations of all components in that of Murashige and Skoog plus 2,4‐D(1.0 mg/liter) and sucrose (6%), but without any vitamins and glycine was chosen for production of higher levels of the inhibitor. TMV infections in tobacco, bean, and tomato plants were markedly inhibited by the introduction of the disrupted whole broth of suspension culturedP. american

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170908

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn attempt was made to find out the optimum aeration and agitation rates on the production of bacterial rennet fromBacillus sublilisK‐26 using 5% wheat bran medium in a 13 liter fermentor. The enzyme activity and the growth rate were shown to increase with an increase in the rate of agitation. The fermentation experiments carried out at an agitation rate of 400 rpm showed an approximate threefold increase in enzyme activity with a considerable decrease in the fermentation time over those agitated at 200 and 300 rpm. The beneficial effect of a higher oxygen rate was observed for enzyme production occurring at a lower agitation rate. The inoculum activity and the varying amounts of antifoam agent which were added showed no apparent effect either on the total incubation time or on the final enzyme activity. It has been suggested that an agitation rate of 400 rpm with an aeration level of 3000 cc/min are the optimum values for the efficient production of bacterial rennet fromB. subtilisK‐26 using 5% wheat bran medium in a 13 liter fermen

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170909

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170910

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260170911

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY