摘要:

AbstractA theoretical model is developed for continuous multistage enzyme production systems, which consist of a growth fermentor used for growing microorganisms rapidly without enzyme production and a subsequent system of induction reactors in which enzymes induction and production occurs. The model allows the computation of the fraction of induced cells residing in the induction reactor for organisms exhibiting a lag phase in enzyme induction. For this model a general analytical solution was obtained for the cumulative internal residence time distribution of a series ofnwell‐stirred vessels with a recycle. The theoretical results are compared in a preliminary way with experimentally measured cellulase productivities of continuous multistage cellulose fermentations withTrichoderma virideQM 941

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGrowing cultures ofAcetobacter melanogenusATCC 9937 convertedD‐glucose to 2,5‐diketo‐D‐gluconic acid withD‐gluconic acid and 5‐keto‐D‐glucose acid as intermediates. The 2,5‐diketo‐D‐gluconic acid was isolated from the fermented medium by treatment with an

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe kinetics of phosphate limited growth of two green algaeChorella pyrenoidosaandSelenastrum capricornutumhave been studied in chemostats. Several kinetic models which express the specific growth rate as a function of the intracellular phosphours content have been examined, and one of the models was found to be significantly better than the other models. The principles of this model were described in a recent paper by Nyholm.The kinetics of phosphate uptake have been investigated by adding pulses of phosphate to the chemostats. The uptake by phosphours deficient cells could be described by Michaelis–Menten kinetics for phosphate concentrations below approximately 500 μg P/liter. Further, with the assumption of a discontinuous adjustment of the uptake rate at the onset of phosphours deficiency, a complete kinetic model for growth and phosphate removal is proposed.The mean cell size and the contents of chlorophyll and RNA per unit dry weight have been measured forC. pyrenoidosaas a function of the dilution ra

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOxygen transfer from gas to liquid under steady‐state cocurrent flow conditions was modeled using the dispersion model, and the oxygen transfer coefficients were estimated from available data for a column with Koch motionless mixers. The dispersion in the column was estimated for several different gas and liquid flow rates using steady‐state tracer experiments. The estimated oxygen transfer coefficients were compared with those estimated using complete mixing and plug flow models. The results indicate that the dispersion model is the most appropriate model for estimating the mass transfer coefficient from the available d

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOxygen transfer measurements using a dynamic method and evaluated with an appropriate mathematical model have been made on a tubular loop bioreactor. Correlations of the type used in tank systems are used to describe the influence of power and aeration rate on the mass transfer coefficient. Yeast cultures grown on hydrocarbon and glucose substrates show growth characteristics similar to conventional tank results. Model considerations for large‐scale tubular fermentors allow for the prediction of the steady‐state oxygen profiles and maximum reactor length. Combination with two‐phase flow and oxygen transfer correlations yields a design procedure for commercial scale tubular loop ferme

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChaetomium cellulolyticum, a newly isolated cellulolytic fungus, showed 50–100% faster growth rates and over 80% more final biomass‐protein formation thanTrichoderma viride, a well‐known high cellulase‐producing cellulolytic organism, when cultivated on Solka‐floc (a purified, predominantly amorphorous form of cellulose) or partially delignified sawdust (consisting of a mixture of hardwoods) as the sole‐carbon source in the fermentation media. However, in both cases,T. virideproduced much higher quantities of free cellulases at faster rates and also degraded more substrate thanC. cellulolyticum. It is concluded that the synthesis mechanisms and/or the nature of the cellulase complexes of the two types of organisms are quite different such thatC. cellulolyticumis more optimal for single‐cell protein (SCP) production, whileT. virideis more optimal for the production of extracellular cellulases.It was also found that the amino acid composition ofC. cellulolyticumis generally better than that ofT. virideand compares favorably with those of the FAO reference protein, alfalfa, and soya meal. In addition, preliminary feeding trials on rats have shown no adverse effects of the SCP produced byC. cellulolyticum

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of increasing ethanol concentration in the feed on growth and physiological activity of the yeastCandida utiliswas studied. The measurements were made at steady states of continuous culture under constant values of dilution rate, temperature, and pH in all stages of the fermentor. Synthetic ethanol was used as the sole source of carbon and energy in the concentration range 10–100 g/liter.The maximum biomass concentration in the effluent and maximum productivity was achieved at 75 g ethanol/liter in the feed. In respect to ethanol losses in the outlet and biomass yield, the optimum ethanol concentration in the input of the growth medium was found to be about 50 g/liter using a four‐stage sys

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0006-3592    

DOI:10.1002/bit.260190411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY